中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (22): 3445-3449.doi: 10.12307/2022.268

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials •    下一篇

煅烧骨结合脱细胞真皮基质用于犬牙槽嵴的保持

李  晶,乔  玮,任晓琦,石  浩,杨  婷,马绍英,苏成忠,李宝兴,赵亚平   

  1. 中国辐射防护研究院生物材料研发中心,山西奥瑞生物材料有限公司,山西省太原市   030006
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-20 修回日期:2020-11-21 接受日期:2021-05-23 出版日期:2022-08-08 发布日期:2022-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 赵亚平,主任医师,中国辐射防护研究院生物材料研发中心,山西奥瑞生物材料有限公司,山西省太原市 030006
  • 作者简介:李晶,男,1983年生,山西省太原市人,汉族,实验员,主要从事生物材料的应用研究。

Calcined bovine bone combined with acellular dermal matrix for maintaining the alveolar ridge in dog

Li Jing, Qiao Wei, Ren Xiaoqi, Shi Hao, Yang Ting, Ma Shaoying, Su Chengzhong, Li Baoxing, Zhao Yaping   

  1. Biomaterials Research & Development Center, China Institute of Radiation Protection, Shanxi Osteorad biomaterials Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-10-20 Revised:2020-11-21 Accepted:2021-05-23 Online:2022-08-08 Published:2022-01-10
  • Contact: Zhao Yaping, Chief physician, Biomaterials Research & Development Center, China Institute of Radiation Protection, Shanxi Osteorad biomaterials Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Li Jing, Experimentalist, Biomaterials Research & Development Center, China Institute of Radiation Protection, Shanxi Osteorad biomaterials Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
煅烧骨:指来源于动物体的骨头,经过物理清洗、煅烧等方法处理,去除有机物,仅保留以羟基磷灰石为主的无机成分;具有良好的生物相容性、骨传导性、可吸收性等优点,是一种优秀的生物材料。
牙槽嵴保持:临床上将牙齿拔除后,由于生理刺激及牙周炎等原因,牙槽嵴会发生吸收,手术部位的骨量不足会导致后期种植手术的失败。为了避免牙槽嵴过度的吸收,需在拔牙窝内填充生物支架材料,避免牙槽嵴吸收的同时诱导机体成骨,保证手术部位的骨量充足。

背景:临床上常采用引导骨再生技术对骨缺损部位进行重建,即在骨缺损处植入支架材料,再采用生物屏障膜建立稳定的成骨环境,保证成骨细胞的增殖及血管的形成,取得了良好的效果。
目的:观察煅烧骨结合脱细胞真皮基质用于拔牙窝填充的成骨效果。
方法:采用高温煅烧法将牛松质骨制成煅烧骨,采用去表皮、脱细胞等方法将猪断层皮片制成脱细胞真皮基质,MTT法检测两种材料的细胞毒性。取9只比格犬,拔除下颚两侧第2,4前磨牙,拔牙窝内植入煅烧骨后用脱细胞真皮基质覆盖,分离颊舌侧牙龈并拉拢缝合,关闭拔牙创。术后1,3,6个月,采用锥形束CT、X射线片及组织学观察等方法评价成骨效果。实验由中国辐射防护研究院药物安全性评价中心伦理委员会审批,编号CIRP-IACUC-(R)2018081。
结果与结论:①两种材料浸提液分别培养L929小鼠成纤维细胞24 h后,倒置显微镜下可见细胞形态良好,无空泡、死亡现象,MTT法结果显示细胞存活率均在85%以上,无明显的细胞毒性;②动物实验下颌骨锥形束CT检测显示,随着愈合时间延长,植入部位的相对灰度值逐渐增高,拔牙创内的成骨量增加;③动物实验X射线片显示,术后1个月,植入部位成像均匀、无明显成骨;术后3个月,植入部位有部分成骨;术后6个月,植入部位有明显成骨;④动物实验苏木精-伊红染色显示,术后1个月,拔牙窝内有大量新形成的骨小梁结构,骨小梁排列均匀,煅烧骨部分被吸收;术后3个月,见粗大骨小梁结构,伴有大量软骨,残留少量的煅烧骨;术后6个月,拔牙创接近愈合,形成成熟骨组织,可见骨单元结构,已观察不到煅烧骨;⑤结果表明,煅烧骨复合脱细胞真皮基质用于拔牙窝的填充具有良好的成骨效果。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5503-1651 (李晶) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 材料, 煅烧骨, 脱细胞真皮基质, 拔牙窝填充, 引导骨再生

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In clinic, guided bone regeneration technology is often used to reconstruct the bone defect. That is, the scaffold material is implanted in the bone defect, and then the biological barrier membrane is used to establish a stable environment to ensure the proliferation of osteoblasts and the formation of blood vessels, which has achieved good results.  
OBJECTIVE: To observe the osteogenic effect of true bone ceramic combined with acellular dermal matrix in tooth socket filling.
METHODS:  Bovine cancellous bone was calcined to true bone ceramic. The acellular dermal matrix was prepared from split-thickness skin which the epidermis and cellular components have been extracted. Cytotoxicities of true bone ceramic and acellular dermal matrix were evaluated by MTT assay. The second and fourth premolars on both sides of the mandible were extracted in nine beagle dogs. The true bone ceramic was implanted into the socket and covered with acellular dermal matrix. The buccal and lingual gingivae were separated and sutured to close the extraction wound. At 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, cone beam CT, X-ray and histology were used to evaluate the new bone formation. The experiment was approved by Drug Safety Evaluation Center in China Institute for Radiation Protection (approval No. CIRP-IACUC-(R)2018081).  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) L929 mouse fibroblasts were cultured with the two extracts for 24 hours. Under the inverted microscope, the cells were in good shape without vacuoles or death. MTT assay results showed that the cell survival rate was above 85%, without obvious cytotoxicity. (2) The results of cone beam CT showed that the relative gray value of the implant site increased gradually with the extension of healing time, and the amount of bone formation in tooth extraction wound increased. (3) The X-ray films showed that at 1 month after the operation, the imaging of the implanted site was uniform without obvious osteogenesis. At 3 months after the operation, there was partial osteogenesis. At 6 months after the operation, the implant site had obvious osteogenesis. (4) Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that a large number of trabeculae were formed 1 month after operation, and the bone trabeculae was evenly arranged, and the true bone ceramic was partly absorbed. Coarse trabeculae structure with a large amount of cartilage and a small amount of calcined bone remained at 3 months after operation. The tooth extraction wound was nearly healed and mature bone tissue was formed, and the bone unit structure was visible; true bone ceramic could not be seen at 6 months after operation. (5) Results suggest that true bone ceramic combined with acellular dermal matrix show good bone formation for extraction socket filling.

Key words: material, true bone ceramic, acellular dermal matrix, extraction socket filling, guided bone regeneration

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