中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (30): 4757-4761.doi: 10.12307/2021.257

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics •    下一篇

3D打印精确穿刺椎体成形在新发椎体压缩性骨折中的应用

袁伶俐,徐文弟,白建中,张仲传,朱勋兵,耿春辉   

  1. 蚌埠医学院第二附属医院骨科,安徽省蚌埠市   233000
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-21 修回日期:2020-09-23 接受日期:2020-11-11 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 袁伶俐,蚌埠医学院第二附属医院骨科,安徽省蚌埠市 233000
  • 作者简介:袁伶俐,男,1981年生,安徽省灵璧县人,汉族,2006年于蚌埠医学院毕业,硕士,副主任医师,副教授
  • 基金资助:
    2019年蚌埠医学院自然科学重点课题(BYKY2019134ZD),项目负责人:袁伶俐

Application of three-dimensional printing in accurate puncture vertebroplasty in fresh vertebral compression fractures

Yuan Lingli, Xu Wendi, Bai Jianzhong, Zhang Zhongchuan, Zhu Xunbing, Geng Chunhui #br#

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  1. Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China 
  • Received:2020-09-21 Revised:2020-09-23 Accepted:2020-11-11 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-07-29
  • Contact: Yuan Lingli, Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Yuan Lingli, Master, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Key Natural Science Project of Bengbu Medical College in 2019, No. BYKY2019134ZD (to YLL)

摘要:

文题释义:
3D打印技术:是利用计算机辅助设计、数控技术及三维CT等技术,建立数据立体化模块,将粉末状的金属或塑料黏合起来逐层融合叠加,最终打出三维实物模型,这是一种“分层制造,逐层叠加”的增材制造过程,与传统的减材制造过程完全相反。
经皮穿刺椎体成形:是近代发展的椎体骨折微创的手术技术,主要是通过经皮的方法将骨水泥注入到骨折的椎体内,来稳定骨折之间微动,从而减轻患者后背部疼痛。
背景:目前临床医生在采用经皮椎体成形修复椎体压缩性骨折时,如何精准操作并使骨水泥均匀分布于伤椎骨折块间,从而减轻腰背部疼痛症状,对于椎体压缩性骨折患者的术后康复至关重要。近年来发展的3D打印伤椎椎体技术可为临床外科医生提供伤椎解剖学参考依据。
目的:探讨3D打印伤椎骨折模型和精确穿刺椎体成形在新发椎体压缩性骨折中的应用效果。
方法:采用蚌埠医学院第二附属医院2019年2月至2020年8月新发椎体压缩性骨折患者60例,随机分成3D打印组和对照组,分别进行3D打印伤椎模型和精确穿刺骨折部位的经皮椎体成形和传统的经皮椎体成形修复。比较两组术中手术时间、透视次数、穿刺针更换穿刺点次数(简称穿刺次数)、骨水泥量,术后第1天、1周、4周、3个月目测类比评分的差异。
结果与结论:①与对照组相比,3D打印组术后1 d、1周的目测类比评分均降低(P < 0.05);②与对照组相比,3D打印组穿刺次数、X射线暴露次数和手术时间均减少(P < 0.05),术中骨水泥注入量增加(P < 0.05);③两组各有2例椎体局部骨水泥渗漏,术后无临床症状,随访期间两组均未见相邻椎体骨折病例出现;④结果证实,3D打印伤椎模型与椎体成形相结合,能够精确微创穿刺至骨折部位,在增加骨水泥注入量的同时还可有效避免骨水泥的渗漏,并在术后短时间内缓解患者术后腰背部疼痛。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3182-4454 (袁伶俐) 

关键词: 骨, 骨折, 椎体, 压缩性骨折, 3D打印, 椎体成形, 骨水泥, 模型

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, when clinicians use percutaneous vertebroplasty to repair vertebral compression fractures, how do they accurately operate and evenly distribute the bone cement between the injured vertebral fractures, thereby reducing the symptoms of lower back pain, for patients with vertebral compression fractures, is essential for postoperative recovery. The technology of three-dimensional (3D) printed injured vertebral body developed in recent years can provide clinical surgeons with reference for the anatomy of injured vertebra.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effect of 3D printed model of injured vertebral fracture and vertebroplasty by accurately puncturing in fresh vertebral compression fracture. 
METHODS: Sixty patients with vertebroplasty in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from February 2019 to August 2020 were randomly divided into 3D printing group and control group. The accurately punctured vertebroplasty instructed by 3D printing model of the injured vertebra and the traditional vertebroplasty was performed respectively. The operation time, the times of fluoroscopy, the times of changing the puncture point, the amount of bone cement, and Visual Analogue Scale scores at 1 day, 1, 4 weeks and 3 months after operation were compared between the two groups. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Visual Analogue Scale scores were lower in the 3D printing group than in the control group at 1 day and 1 week (P < 0.05). (2) The operation time, the times of fluoroscopy, and the times of changing the puncture point were reduced (P < 0.05); the amount of bone cement was increased (P < 0.05) in the 3D printing group compared with the control group. (3) There were two cases of local vertebral cement leakage in both groups, and there were no clinical symptoms after operation. There was no case of adjacent vertebral fractures in both groups during the follow-up. (4) The results show that the combination of 3D printing model of the injured vertebra and vertebroplasty can guide the accurate puncture of pedicle, make it easier for the puncture needle to enter the fracture area, and increase the amount of bone cement injected into the fracture area, and effectively avoid bone cement leakage, and relieve patients’ low back pain in a short time after operation.


Key words: bone, fracture, vertebral body, compression fracture, 3D printing, vertebroplasty, bone cement, model

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