中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (28): 4435-4440.doi: 10.12307/2021.054

• 材料生物相容性 material biocompatibility • 上一篇    下一篇

椎弓根内骨水泥灌注联合椎体后凸成形治疗Kummell病:增强椎体内骨水泥团块稳定性

姚汝斌,王仕永,杨开舜   

  1. 大理大学第一附属医院脊柱外科,云南省大理市   671000
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-23 修回日期:2019-12-28 接受日期:2020-08-22 出版日期:2021-10-08 发布日期:2021-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 杨开舜,硕士,主任医师,硕士生导师,大理大学第一附属医院脊柱外科,云南省大理市 671000 E-mail:yangkaishun@vip.sina.com
  • 作者简介:姚汝斌,男,1972年生,云南省永平县人,彝族,2004年大理医学院毕业,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱退变性疾病及脊柱畸形方面的研究。 王仕永,男,1991年生,云南省会泽县人,汉族,2018年大理大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱退变性疾病及脊柱畸形方面的研究。

Kummell’s disease treated by intra-pedicle bone cement perfusion combined with kyphoplasty: To enhance the stability of bone cement mass in the vertebral body

Yao Rubin, Wang Shiyong, Yang Kaishun   

  1. Department of Spinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China
  • Received:2019-12-23 Revised:2019-12-28 Accepted:2020-08-22 Online:2021-10-08 Published:2021-05-15
  • Contact: Yang Kaishun, Master, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Spinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China E-mail:yangkaishun@vip.sina.com
  • About author:Yao Rubin, Associate chief physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China Wang Shiyong, Master, Physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形:是经皮椎体成形的改良与发展,它通过球囊扩张使椎体复位,在椎体内部形成空间,有利于骨水泥填充,效缓解疼痛及恢复椎体高度,改善脊柱的生理曲度,具有麻醉小、创伤小、恢复快、效果显著、患者及家属易接受等优点,目前已成为治疗骨质疏松压缩骨折的有效措施之一。
Kummell病:1895年由德国医生HERMANN KUMMELL报道,其特点是患者曾有轻微脊柱创伤史,可经过数周或数月无症状期,再次出现背部疼痛、后凸畸形,影像学检查发现迟发性椎体塌陷和椎体内真空裂隙征,许多学者将其描述为缺血性椎体坏死、创伤后椎骨坏死、椎体假关节、延迟性椎体塌陷、椎体压缩骨折不愈合等,通常需要手术治疗来重建脊柱的稳定性,包括经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形、经皮椎体成形以及钉棒系统内固定等手术方式。

背景:经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形是治疗Kummell病的有效措施之一,但术后存在骨水泥团块移位导致患者再次出现疼痛、甚至手术失败的问题,故有学者提出通过椎弓根注射骨水泥来减少可能加重的疼痛,但其疗效如何并不明确。
目的:探讨椎弓根内骨水泥灌注联合经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形治疗Kummell病的临床疗效。
方法:回顾分析2015-01-01/2018-12-31大理大学第一附属医院脊柱外科收治的Kummell病患者27例,男7例,女20例;入院时平均年龄(70.44±6.44)岁;随访8-36个月。所有病例均采用经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形治疗,术中均应用明胶海绵、高黏稠度骨水泥以减少骨水泥渗漏,均行椎弓根内骨水泥灌注。记录术前后及末次随访时的背痛目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数;测量术前、术后病椎前、后缘高度及楔形角;CT扫描观察术后骨水泥渗漏及椎弓根内骨水泥情况,并观察随访期内骨水泥移位情况。
结果与结论:①27例患者共29个病椎纳入研究,平均手术时间(49.46±14.8) min,平均骨水泥注入量(4.32±1.72) mL,共发现3个病椎骨水泥渗漏,均为经皮质缺损渗漏(C型);②术后第1天及末次随访时的目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数均较术前明显改善,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);末次随访时Oswestry功能障碍指数较术后第1天明显改善(P < 0.05);③术后病椎楔形角较术前明显减小,病椎前缘高度、后缘高度较术前明显增大,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④提示椎弓根内骨水泥灌注联合经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形治疗,使得椎体及椎弓根内骨水泥连为一体,增强椎体内骨水泥团块稳定性,有效预防了椎体内骨水泥的移位,是治疗Kummell病的有效技术。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6481-6816 (姚汝斌)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: Kummell病, 椎体后凸成形术, 椎弓根内骨水泥, 骨水泥渗漏, 骨水泥移位

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous kyphoplasty is one of the effective measures for the treatment of Kummell’s disease, but there is a displacement of bone cement mass after operation, which leads to pain and even failure, so some scholars have proposed to reduce the pain that may be aggravated by pedicle injection of bone cement, but its curative effect is not clear. 

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effect of transpedicular bone cement perfusion combined with percutaneous kyphoplasty in the treatment of Kummell’s disease. 
METHODS: From January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018, 27 patients with Kummell’s disease, including 7 males and 20 females, aged mean (70.44±6.44) years, who were treated in the Department of Spinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were followed up from 8 to 36 months. All patients were treated with percutaneous kyphoplasty operation. Gelatin sponge and high viscosity bone cement were used to reduce the leakage of bone cement; bone cement perfusion in the pedicle was performed. The visual analogue scale score and Oswestry disability index of back pain before and after treatment and the last follow-up were recorded, and the anterior and posterior vertebral height and wedge angle were measured before and after operation. CT scanning was used to observe the leakage of bone cement and the bone cement in the pedicle after operation, and the displacement of bone cement during the follow-up period. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 29 diseased vertebrae of 27 patients were included in the study. The average operation time was (49.46±14.8) minutes and the average amount of bone cement injection was (4.32±1.72) mL. Cement leakage was found in a total of three diseased vertebrae, all of which were transcortical defect leakage (type C). (2) The visual analogue scale score and Oswestry disability index on the first day and the last follow-up were significantly better than those before operation (P < 0.05). Oswestry disability index during the last follow-up was significantly improved than that on the first day after operation (P < 0.05). (3) The wedge angle of the diseased vertebrae after operation was significantly lower than that before operation; anterior vertebral height and posterior vertebral height of the diseased vertebrae after operation were significantly higher than those before operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (4) It is concluded that intrapedicular bone cement infusion combined with percutaneous kyphoplasty can connect the vertebral body and pedicle bone cement into one, and enhance the stability of bone cement mass, and effectively prevent the displacement of bone cement in vertebral body, which is an effective technique for the treatment of Kummell’s disease.

Key words: Kummell’s disease, percutaneous kyphoplasty, intra-pedicle cement, bone cement leakage, bone cement displacement

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