中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (23): 3641-3647.doi: 10.12307/2021.033

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

依据反向传播神经网络建模预测骨骼肌的最佳功率负荷

梁美富1,曲淑华2   

  1. 1国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京市   100061;2北京体育大学,北京市   100084
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-22 修回日期:2020-06-30 接受日期:2020-08-05 出版日期:2021-08-18 发布日期:2021-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 曲淑华,博士,教授,北京体育大学,北京市 100084
  • 作者简介:梁美富,男,1987年生,河北省唐山市人,满族,2020年北京体育大学毕业,博士,讲师,主要从事体能训练理论与实践研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题(2018XS028) ,项目负责人:梁美富

Optimal power load forecasting of the skeletal muscle based on back propagation neural network

Liang Meifu1, Qu Shuhua2   

  1. 1Institute of Sports Science, General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing 100061, China; 2Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2020-06-22 Revised:2020-06-30 Accepted:2020-08-05 Online:2021-08-18 Published:2021-01-26
  • Contact: Qu Shuhua, PhD, Professor, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • About author:Liang Meifu, PhD, Lecturer, Institute of Sports Science, General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing 100061, China
  • Supported by:
    the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, No. 2018XS028 (to LMF)

摘要:

文题释义:
BP神经网络(Back Propagation Network):又称为反向传播神经网络,是一种基于误差反向传播算法训练的多层前馈网络。BP神经网络不仅可以在无事前提供描述映射关系的数学方程的前提下,学习并储存大量的输入和输出模式的映射关系,而且还可以通过对数据样本不断的进行训练,修正神经网络的阈值和权值,使误差函数沿负梯度方向逐渐下降,并逼近期望输出。
最佳功率负荷力量训练:指在骨骼肌全力收缩过程中,产生最大输出功率时所对应的外界负荷下进行的力量训练。最佳功率负荷力量训练能有效刺激骨骼肌产生不同的神经肌肉适应,提高最大功率的输出,兼顾速度和力量的同时,精细化配给力量训练负荷,实现动作输出功率的最大化,提高人体的投掷能力、跳跃能力、变向能力以及加速能力等,满足不同专项运动员力量训练高度专项化和职业化发展的需求。

背景:研究表明最佳功率负荷力量训练可以有效增大骨骼肌输出功率、促进健康、提高运动表现,但如何快速确定最佳功率负荷是力量训练实践中经常遇到的难题,也是国内外学者研究的热点问题。
目的:利用反向传播神经网络建模研究最大力量、身高、体质量与最佳功率负荷之间的数学关系,以构建预测骨骼肌最佳功率负荷的模型。
方法:招募52名男性大学生受试者(测试对象46人,预测对象6人),对受试者进行最大力量测试和最大输出功率测试,构建基于误差反向传播校正训练算法的最佳功率负荷预测模型,采用训练好的反向传播神经网络模型预测新样本骨骼肌的最佳功率负荷,并探讨反向传播神经网络模型预测效果。研究方案的实施符合北京体育大学的相关伦理要求,参与者均知情同意。
结果与结论:①运用反向传播神经网络强大的自学习及推理能力,构建了包含3个输入层、10个隐含层和1个输出层的骨骼肌最佳功率负荷预测模型;②不同力量训练手段预测精度方面,卧推抛和半蹲起相对误差均值均为9%,绝对误差均值分别为3.79 kg和6.91 kg;③结果提示,反向传播神经网络预测法可有效预测骨骼肌最佳功率负荷,使得骨骼肌最佳功率负荷的确定方式更具多元化、智能化。

关键词: 力量, 输出功率, 最佳功率负荷, 神经网络, 预测方法, 半蹲起, 卧推

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Optimal power load strength training can effectively increase the output power of skeletal muscle, promote health and improve sports performance. However, how to quickly determine the optimal power load is often a difficult problem in the practice of strength training, and is also a hot topic in the research of scholars at home and abroad.
OBJECTIVE: To study the mathematical relationship between maximum strength, height, weight and optimal power load by using back propagation neural network modeling, so as to build a model to predict the optimal power load. 
METHODS: Fifty-two subjects (46 subjects for test, 6 subjects for forecast) were recruited. The maximum strength test and maximum power output test were carried out on the subjects to construct the optimal power load forecasting model based on error back propagation correction training algorithm, and the trained back propagation neural network model was used to predict the optimal power load in the new sample to explore the prediction effect of the model. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Using the strong self-learning and reasoning ability of back propagation neural network, the optimal power load forecasting model was constructed with 3 input layers, 10 hidden layers and 1 output layer. In terms of the prediction accuracy of different strength training methods, the mean relative error of bench press throw and half squat is 9%, and the mean absolute error is 3.79 kg and 6.91 kg respectively. Back propagation neural network prediction method can effectively predict the optimal power load, which makes the determination method of optimal power load more diversified and intelligent.


Key words: power, output power, optimal power load, neural network, prediction method, squat, bench press

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