中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 289-295.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1972

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

运动防治膝骨关节炎的关键因素及注意事项

宋校能1,2,胡玲慧2,黄德胜3,周绪昌2,吴  伟2   

  1. 1江南大学体育部,江苏省无锡市  214122;2上海体育学院,上海市  200438;3无锡市体育运动学校,江苏省无锡市  214122
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-02 修回日期:2019-04-13 接受日期:2019-05-25 出版日期:2020-01-18 发布日期:2019-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 吴伟,博士,研究员,上海体育学院附属竞技体育学校,上海市 200438
  • 作者简介:宋校能,男,1970年生,安徽省繁昌县人,汉族,1996年上海体育学院毕业,讲师,主要从事体育教育与运动训练、英式橄榄球运动研究。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市人类运动能力开发与保障重点实验室(上海体育学院)(11DZ2261100)

Exercise in the prevention and treatment of knee osteoarthritis: key factors and cautions 

Song Xiaoneng1, 2, Hu Linghui2, Huang Desheng3, Zhou Xuchang2, Wu Wei2   

  1. 1Jiangnan University Sports Department, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; 3Wuxi Sports School, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2019-04-02 Revised:2019-04-13 Accepted:2019-05-25 Online:2020-01-18 Published:2019-12-25
  • Contact: Wu Wei, PhD, Researcher, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • About author:Song Xiaoneng, Lecturer, Jiangnan University Sports Department, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Supported by:
    the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Human Sports Capacity Development and Support (Shanghai University of Sport), No. 11DZ2261100

摘要:

文题释义:
运动疗法:是指利用器械、徒手或患者自身力量,通过某些运动方式(主动或被动运动等),使患者获得全身或局部运动功能、感觉功能恢复的训练方法。运动疗法主要采用“运动”这一机械性的物理因子对患者进行治疗,着重进行躯干、四肢的运动、感觉、平衡等功能的训练,包括:关节功能训练、肌力训练、有氧训练、平衡训练、易化训练、移乘训练、步行训练。
骨关节炎:为一种退行性病变,系由于增龄、肥胖、劳损、创伤、关节先天性异常、关节畸形等诸多因素引起的关节软骨退化损伤、关节边缘和软骨下骨反应性增生,又称骨关节病、退行性关节炎、老年性关节炎、肥大性关节炎等。临床表现为缓慢发展的关节疼痛、压痛、僵硬、关节肿胀、活动受限和关节畸形等。

背景:目前膝骨关节炎的治疗以缓解症状为主,真正根治较难。运动疗法是为了达到一些特定的治疗目标而专门设计和规范的体育活动计划,旨在恢复正常的肌肉骨骼功能和减少疾病或身体损伤引起的疼痛。有关运动疗法防治膝骨关节炎存在不同观点。

目的:探讨影响运动疗法防治膝骨关节炎疗效中的关键因素及注意事项,为运动疗法防治膝骨关节炎提供一定参考依据。

方法:应用计算机检索至2019年1月PubMed数据库、中国期刊全文数据库相关文章,英文检索词为:“exercise therapy,knee osteoarthritis,prevention and treatment”;中文检索词为:“运动疗法,膝骨关节炎,防治”。根据纳入排除标准,对检索到的关于运动疗法对膝骨关节炎作用的相关文献进行分析。

结果与结论:①运动疗法应尽早介入,早期需注意各部损伤时膝关节的角度问题,需逐渐增加活动度及强度,可以从非负重训练开始到后期训练可以负重;②运动疗法的强度应以中小强度为主,避免过度训练,特别是对于软骨磨损的患者。

ORCID: 0000-0002-1708-5181(宋校能)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词: 运动疗法, 膝骨关节炎, 防治, 膝关节

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatments of knee osteoarthritis are mainly to relieve the symptoms, and it is difficult to be cured. Exercise therapy is denominated as a designed and ruled plan of physical activities to get some specific treated goals and aimed at the recovery of normal musculoskeletal function and reduction of the pain caused by diseases or body injuries. The research of exercise therapy in prevention and treatment of knee osteoarthritis has different opinions. 
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the critical factors influencing exercise therapy in the prevention and treatment of knee osteoarthritis, and to provide reference for exercise therapy in preventing and treating knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS: A computer-based retrieval of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed for the articles published before January 2019. The keywords were “exercise therapy, knee osteoarthritis, prevention and treatment” in Chinese and English, respectively. The articles concerning exercise therapy effect on knee osteoarthritis were included for analysis based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Exercise therapy should be begun as early as possible, and at the early period, we should pay attention to the angle of knee joint injury, and increase the intensity gradually, such as from non-weight training to weight training. (2) The middle-low intensity exercise therapy is recommended, and over-training should be avoided, especially for those who have cartilage wear.

Key words: exercise therapy, knee osteoarthritis, prevention and treatment, knee joint

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