中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (14): 2259-2264.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0734

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

完全可降解聚乳酸及其共聚物的生物相容性:研究、应用与未来

沈 鑫1,刘 雪2,宿 烽2,陈左生3,李速明4   

  1. 青岛科技大学,1高分子科学与工程学院, 2化工学院,山东省青岛市 266042;3北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京市 100871;4蒙彼利埃二大欧洲薄膜研究院,法国蒙彼利埃 34095
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-27 出版日期:2018-05-18 发布日期:2018-05-18
  • 通讯作者: 陈左生,副教授,硕士生导师,北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京市 100871
  • 作者简介:沈鑫,男,1987年生,安徽省蚌埠市人,汉族,青岛科技大学在读博士,主要从事高分子生物降解材料的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81570287);山东省重点研发计划基金资助项目(2015GGX102017);青岛市成果转化计划科技惠民专项(16-6-2-17-nsh,16-6-2-9-nsh)

Biocompatibility of fully biodegradable polylactic acid and its copolymers: present and future applications

Shen Xin1, Liu Xue2, Su Feng2, Chen Zuo-sheng3, Li Su-ming4   

  1. 1College of Polymer Science and Engineering, 2College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong Province, China; 3College of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; 4Institut Europeen des Membranes, UMR CNRS 5635, Universite Montpellier II, Montpellier 34095, France
  • Received:2017-12-27 Online:2018-05-18 Published:2018-05-18
  • Contact: Chen Zuo-sheng, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, College of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • About author:Shen Xin, Doctoral candidate, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81570287; the Science and Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province, No. 2015GGX102017; the Achievement Transformation Plan of Qingdao, No. 16-6-2-17-nsh, 16-6-2-9-nsh

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
聚乳酸共聚物:聚乳酸是一种乳酸或2-羟基丙酸的聚酯,因良好的生物相容性和生物降解性得到了广泛研究和应用。聚乳酸通常与羟基烃酸共聚形成聚乳酸共聚物,共聚物克服了聚乳酸韧性差和亲水性弱等缺点,临床上被广泛应用于植入物、填充物和药物输送载体等生物医学领域。
生物相容性:是指材料和人体之间的相互作用所产生的各种复杂多变的生物、化学和物理反应,以及受体对这些反应的忍耐程度。生物材料应该相对于人体来说,没有毒性、没有刺激性、没有致敏性、没有遗传毒性,并且没有致癌性,而且对于人体细胞、血液、免疫和组织等系统不会产生不好的作用。
 
 
背景:聚乳酸及其共聚物因具有良好的生物相容性和生物降解性而被广泛应用于生物医学领域,成为当今生物材料的研究热点。
目的:对完全可降解聚乳酸及其共聚物生物相容性的研究及应用进展作一综述。
方法:应用计算机在PubMed、CNKI等数据库中进行文献检索,关键词为“polylactide,polylactic acid,copolymer,biocompatibility,animal”及“聚乳酸,共聚物,生物相容性,动物”,检索时间为2006至2016年。

结果与结论:聚乳酸及其共聚物是美国食品药品管理局批准可用于人体的聚酯类化合物,临床应用主要是临时植入物和药物输送载体。与此同时,其在临床应用时产生的不良反应引起了人们的关注。聚乳酸共聚物应用于载药系统、骨科和皮肤治疗等不同临床医学领域时会造成一定的不良反应,其对中枢神经系统、眼部和心血管等不同组织器官几乎不会造成影响,并且高分子生物降解材料基本没有遗传毒性和致癌性。目前聚乳酸共聚物植入物引起的都是靠近植入材料的局部反应,未发现系统性反应。

ORCID: 0000-0001-6214-4876(沈鑫)

关键词: 生物材料, 聚乳酸, 共聚物, 高分子生物降解材料, 完全可降解, 生物相容性, 临床应用, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Polylactic acid and its copolymers have been widely used in biomedical fields because of their good biocompatibility and biodegradability, which have become a hotspot in the research of biomaterials.

OBJECTIVE: To review the biocompatibility of fully degradable polylactic acid and its copolymers.
METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval of PubMed and CNKI was performed to search relevant papers published from 2006 to 2016, with the key words of ”polylactide, polylactic acid, copolymer, biodegradability, biocompatibility, animal” in English and Chinese, respectively.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Polylactic acid and its copolymers as polyester compounds are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in the biomedical field because of their good biocompatibility mainly as drug delivery carriers and temporary implants. Moreover, their side effects in clinical application have attracted attentions. Polylactide copolymers can cause some adverse reactions when used in drug delivery systems, orthopedic and skin care, and other clinical medical fields. These copolymers are deemed to have no impact on the central nervous system, eyes, cardiovessels and other tissues and organs. They also have no virtually genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Currently, the polylactide copolymer implant mainly results in local reactions in the surrounding tissues, and no systemic reactions have been found.

Key words: Biocompatible Materials, Biomedical Engineering, Tissue Engineering

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