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20 August 2015, Volume 19 Issue 34 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Porous beta-tricalcium phosphate bone graft fusion for repair of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: a comparison of vertebral fusion rates via different appraches  Mu Yong-jie, Zhang Jie-he, Shen Song-chao, Feng Bo-zhi 2015, 19 (34):  5413-5417.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.001 Abstract ( 229 )   PDF (1049KB) ( 348 )   Save BACKGROUND: In recent years, pedicle internal fixation, spinal canal decompression and bone graft fusion have been used in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis complicated by lumbar spinal stenosis and have achieved good results, which increase the fusion rate. However, there is a large difference between the therapeutic effects of different surgical methods. OBJECTIVE: To contrast the repair effect of posterior and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion on degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis complicated by lumbar spinal stenosis. METHODS: Forty patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis complicated by lumbar spinal stenosis were enrolled, including 11 males and 29 females, aged 56-74 years. All patients received the combined treatment of pedicle internal fixation, spinal canal decompression and bone graft fusion. The 19 of 40 patients received posterior lumbar interbody fusion and the rest 21 patients underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. All the patients were followed up for 6 months after treatment, and the visual analog scores, Oswestry function index, bone fusion rate, lumbar function score and complication occurrence were analyzed and  compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The visual analog scores and Oswestry function index were both improved significantly in the two groups at 6 months after treatment (P < 0.05). No difference was found in the bone fusion rate, visual analog scores and Oswestry function index between the two groups. But compared with the posterior lumbar interbody fusion group, the lumbar functional recovery and incidence of complications were better in the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that both posterior and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis complicated by lumbar spinal stenosis can achieve good results in the bone fusion rate, and however, the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion is better to protect the nerve root and dural sac and to promote lumbar functional recovery.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程  Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of bone cement amount on adjacent vertebral endplate during percutaneous kyphoplasty: a finite element analysis Zhang Dang-feng, Ma Wei, Ge Zhao-hui, Zhang Fei, Zeng Si-xiang 2015, 19 (34):  5418-5422.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.002 Abstract ( 310 )   PDF (852KB) ( 308 )   Save BACKGROUND: Recent studies have proved the presence of adjacent vertebral fractures after percutaneous kyphoplasty, suggesting that cement leakage may be an important reason. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of bone cement amount during percutaneous kyphoplasty on adjacent vertebral endplate using finite element analysis. METHODS: Three-dimensional finite element pathological model of Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture was established using finite element analysis, and 10%, 20% and 30% volume of bone cement were filled, respectively. Then the adjacent vertebral endplate stress under the axial compression, anteflexion and rear protraction were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with that before operation, the adjacent vertebral endplate stress increased with the increase in filled bone cement volume, suggesting that the increased amount of bone cement will lead to the increasing of adjacent vertebral re-fractures.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biological characteristics of a novel pourable pedicle bone cement Ma Jiang-wei, Liu Lie-dong, Du Geng, Gao Guang-ming, Liu Yu 2015, 19 (34):  5423-5427.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.003 Abstract ( 360 )   PDF (918KB) ( 358 )   Save BACKGROUND: In senile osteoporosis patients, capacity of pedicle screw fixation is relatively poor due to fragile bone substance. Currently, augmentation of pedicle screw fixation with bone cement can improve the ability of screw fixation, but bone cement leakage and difficulties in screw removal become the problem to be solved. OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel pourable pedicle bone cement and to investigate its biomechanical properties, safety and practicality, thus providing the basis for clinical treatment of osteoporosis and spinal diseases. METHODS: Six cases of complete wetting spines were collected at the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2013 to January 2015, including 42 vertebrae. Pedicle screw fixation with X-ray assisted bone cement injection (2 mL) was performed unilaterally as experimental group, and conventional pedicle screw fixation was done contralaterally as control group. Bone cement dispersion was observed in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: It was 3-4 minutes for bone cement to agglomerate. Injection of bone cement paste into the infusion cylinder using a syringe was more convenient. The cylinder was connected tightly with the tail-end of the screw with no leakage. The push bar could provide sufficient perfusion force. Bone cement dispersion was found in the hollow part and side holes of the screw. Side holes arranged regularly, and the hole pitch was equal. Compared with the control group, the yield load and yield displacement were significantly higher in the experimental group (P < 0.05), but the ultimate strength and ultimate displacement were significantly lower in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Bone cement around the pourable cement screw dispersed regularly, which was diffused into the surround cancellous bone and integrated with adjacent bone cement mass. The axial withdrawal force was increased by 114% in the experimental group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The maximum rotary torque was significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (P < 0.05). These finding suggest that the new pourable cement screw combined with bone cement putter and infusion cylinder is applied more convenient, can effectively control the leakage of bone cement, and can improve the stability of the pedicle in osteoporosis patients, which has been widely used.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Femtosecond laser promotes the proliferation and differentiation of human gingival fibroblasts on pure titanium surface  Li Ju, Dong Xiu-hua 2015, 19 (34):  5428-5432.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.004 Abstract ( 271 )   PDF (1292KB) ( 592 )   Save BACKGROUND: Currently, the implant surface is optimized to promote the osseointegration of artificial dental implants, which has become a research focus in recent years. But the femtosecond laser is less reported to modify the titanium surface so as to promote fibroblast proliferation and differentiation. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of femtosecond laser on the proliferation and differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts on titanium surface. METHODS: Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts were respectively inoculated on different titanium surfaces of the three groups (femtosecond laser group, TiO2 particle blasted group and pure titanium group). Then differentiation and proliferation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in the surface roughness among these three groups, and compared with the pure titanium group, the attached cells were more in the femtosecond laser group and TiO2 particle blasted group. mRNA expressions of RUNX2 and OSX were highest in the femtosecond laser group followed by TiO2 particle blasted group and pure titanium group in order. These findings indicate that pure titanium treated with femtosecond laser has fine biological property and may be more feasible for human periodontal ligament fibroblasts to attach, grow and proliferate.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程   Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical trial of collapsed repair and in vitro tensile strength test  Wang Xing, Qi Lu, Gu Zhen-yu, He Hui-yu 2015, 19 (34):  5433-5437.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.005 Abstract ( 423 )   PDF (870KB) ( 460 )   Save BACKGROUND: Currently, there are many studies on collapsed repair, but a systematic and horizontal comparison is not reported yet. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of conventional resin adhesive, resin adhesive+silane coupling agent and adjacent surface open part of the crown on collapsed repair through clinical trial and in vitro experiment. METHODS: (1) Clinical trial: 90 patients with porcelain collapse were randomized into three groups, and respectively treated with conventional resin adhesive, resin adhesive+silane coupling agent and adjacent surface open part of the crown. Success rate was measured and compared among three groups at 1 year after repair. (2) In vitro test: Twenty test specimens were equally divided into two groups, and treated with conventional resin adhesive and resin adhesive+silane coupling agent, respectively. Then, shear strength was detected in the two groups. Twenty double-crown specimens were equally divided into four groups. The first three groups were treated with sand blasting, silane coupling agent and their combination treatment, respectively; the rest group had no treatment (control group). After repair, the tensile strength of each specimen was detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The success rate of collapsed repair was 37% for conventional resin adhesive, 90% for resin adhesive+silane coupling agent and 100% for adjacent surface open part of the crown. The shear strength was (13.978±0.343) MPa for the conventional resin adhesive and (10.058±0.64) MPa for resin adhesive+silane coupling agent, and there was a significant difference between two methods (P < 0.01). The tensile strength was (0.68±0.04) kN in the control group, (1.00±0.02) kN in the sand blasting group, (1.31±0.08) kN in silane coupling agent group, and (1.09±0.04) kN in the combination group, and there was a significant differences between groups (P < 0.01). Experimental results show that the silane coupling agent+resin adhesive treatment and adjacent surface open part of the crown are superior to conventional resin adhesive. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Apexification of immature permanent teeth with calcium hydroxide paste  Nie Er-min, Lu Jie, Jiang Rui, Zhang Chun-yuan, Zeng Jin-di, Tan Ji-zhou 2015, 19 (34):  5438-5442.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.006 Abstract ( 420 )   PDF (1110KB) ( 388 )   Save BACKGROUND: Preparation of calcium hydroxide paste for apexification of immature permanent teeth has recently achieved satisfactory clinical efficacy because of its advantages including simple-to-use, being well proportioned and full contact with dentin and root apical periodontal tissues after being guided into root canal.  OBJECTIVE: To validate the clinical efficacy of apexification of immature permanent teeth with calcium hydroxide paste.  METHODS: Thirty-four patients with periapical periodontitis caused by fracture of abnormal central cusp, consisting of 18 males and 16 females, aged 8-12 years, were included and they received apexification with calcium hydroxide paste. X-ray observation of the tooth apex was performed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among the 34 cases, 32 cases were successful and 2 cases failed in apexification of immature permanent teeth with calcium hydroxide paste, the success rate was 94%. 16 cases had apical closure at 9-12 months, 15 cases finished apexification at 12-15 months, 1 case with severe infection finished induction at 18-21 months, and two cases could not finish induction at 24 months. During 2 years of follow-up period, there were no recurrence of periapical periodontitis, tooth loose and shedding, tooth fracture, root progressive absorption and other complications. All the teeth had type II apical closure, and there were no type I and IV apical closure, and the rare cases had the type between II and III which was difficult to distinguish. Apexification with calcium hydroxide paste for immature permanent teeth with incomplete developed root can preserve the affected teeth, alleviate inflammation, and show good induction effects. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Self-adjusting files, ProTaper Next and ProTaper Universal: a comparative study of root canal cleanness and the amount of apically extruded debris during root canal preparation Wu Wan-cui, Chen Guang-sheng 2015, 19 (34):  5443-5447.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.007 Abstract ( 419 )   PDF (828KB) ( 652 )   Save BACKGROUND: Amount of debris extruded apically is an important indicator to evaluate the effect of root canal preparation instrument. Studies have shown that debris extruded apically can cause post-treatment pain, and thus, reducing the amount of debris extruded apically can decrease the incidence of post-treatment pain. OBJECTIVE: To compare the root canal cleanness and the amount of apically extruded debris during root canal preparation with Self-adjusting files, ProTaper Next and ProTaper Universal. METHODS: Forty-five premolars with single canal were divided into three groups randomly, and then prepared by Self-adjusting files, ProTaper Next and ProTaper Universal, respectively. Debris extruded apically was collected, dried and weighed. Then roots were longitudinally sectioned and observed under scanning electronic microscope to evaluate the cleanness of the root canal. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The amount of apically extruded debris in the ProTaper Universal group was significantly higher than that in the Self-adjusting files group and ProTaper Next group (P < 0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between the groups of Self-adjusting files and ProTaper Next in apically extruded debris (P > 0.05). Scores on debris and smear layer were lower in the group of Self-adjusting files than the groups of ProTaper Next and ProTaper Universal (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between the latter two groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that the Self-adjusting files and ProTaper Next can extrude less debris beyond the apical foramen, which may decrease the incidence of post-treatment pain. Cleaning ability of Self-adjusting files is better than ProTaper Next and ProTaper Universal.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程   Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Antimicrobial properties of TiO2-xNx antibacterial bracket Wang Jian-wei, Wang Pu, Lin Bing-peng, Cao Bao-cheng 2015, 19 (34):  5448-5452.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.008 Abstract ( 595 )   PDF (991KB) ( 411 )   Save BACKGROUND: TiO2-xNx film has good antibacterial effects on Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces viscosus and Candida albicans. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antimicrobial property of TiO2-xNx bracket. METHODS: Ten orthodontic patients were selected, and their teeth were divided into two parts by oral midline and respectively treated with ordinary metal brackets and TiO2-xNx bracket. Orthodontic plaque index, gingival index, gingival sulcus bleeding index and enamel demineralization index were detected before, and at 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after orthodontic treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For the ordinary metal brackets, the orthodontic plaque index, gingival index, gingival sulcus bleeding index and enamel demineralization index were all increased after orthodontic treatment (P < 0.05); for the TiO2-xNx bracket, the gingival index was increased at 3 weeks after treatment (P < 0.05), the gingival sulcus bleeding index was increased at 1, 2, 3 weeks after treatment (P < 0.05), and the enamel demineralization index was increased at 2, 3, 4 weeks after treatment (P < 0.005). Compared with the ordinary metal brackets, the orthodontic plaque index and gingival sulcus bleeding index were lower in the TiO2-xNx bracket group at 1-4 weeks after treatment (P < 0.05), and the gingival index and enamel demineralization index were lower in the TiO2-xNx bracket group at 2-4 weeks after treatment (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the TiO2-xNx film bracket has excellent antibacterial properties, which is better to control and removal dental plaques. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Safety of BLB implant denture: immediate implantation versus delayed implantation Yang Shu 2015, 19 (34):  5453-5457.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.009 Abstract ( 449 )   PDF (832KB) ( 556 )   Save BACKGROUND: There is no unified conclusion on the efficacy of immediate implantation and restoration. Some studies have shown that the success rate and aesthetic effect of immediate implantation are better than those of delayed implantation. However, in other studies, the immediate implantation has no difference from the delayed implantation, and it also has safety hazards. OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of BLB implant for immediate implantation and delayed implantation. METHODS: Eighty patients undergoing denture implantation and restoration, 35 males and 45 females, aged 20-52 years were equally divided into research group treated with immediate implantation of BLB implant and control group treated with delayed implantation. Crown restoration was completed at 3 months after implantation. Then, the patients were followed up for 6 months to observe the implant stability, implantation efficacy and adverse effects. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no intra-group or intergroup difference in the implant stability quotients of two groups at 1, 3, 6 months after restoration (P > 0.05). The total effective rate was 95% in the research group and 90% in the control group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups   (P > 0.05). In the research group, there was one case of gingivitis and one case of lower lip numbness; in the control group, there were two cases of wound infection and one case of lower lip numbness, but there was no difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that BLB implant has good efficacy and safety both in immediate implantation and delayed implantation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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External use of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor hydrogel to repair thick skin graft donor sites  Li Chao, Li Shou-ju, Li Yong-tao, Fu Zi-yang, Ren Chang-yin 2015, 19 (34):  5458-5462.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.010 Abstract ( 495 )   PDF (1942KB) ( 368 )   Save  BACKGROUND: There are less reports about the external use of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) hydrogel to repair thick skin graft donor sites. By now, relevant self-control studies have not been retrieved. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of rhGM-CSF on the repair of thick skin graft donor sites. METHODS: Sixty patients with burns and scar hyperplasia undergoing autologous thick skin grafting were enrolled, 47 males and 13 females, aged 18-65 years. The thigh was selected as donor sites. According to the depth of donor sites, the patients were divided into 0.4 mm and 0.55 mm groups, with 30 cases in each group. Wounds on the symmetric areas with equal area and same depth were selected or wounds with same depth were selected and divided equally. The wounds were randomly assigned into treatment group and control group. The treatment group was treated with rhGM-CSF hydrogel externally; the control group was only given vaseline dressing. At postoperative 3, 7, 10, 14 days, the fresh dressing was changed. Then, the wound appearance, healing time, healing rate and adverse effects were observed in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 14 days after operation, the wound surface was smoother and the pigmentation was relatively less in the treatment group compared with the control group; the degree of wound pain was less in the treatment group than the control group during dressing change (P < 0.05). At 10 and 14 days after operation, the healing rate and healing time were better in the treatment group than the control group (P < 0.05). No general malaise or hypersensitivity cases were reported, and local issue hyperplasia was also not found. All the above indicate that the external use of the rhGM-CSF hydrogel can evidently shorten the healing time and improve the healing condition when it is applied in the thick skin graft donor sites. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composite for repair of early femoral head necrosis  Yang Ming-min, Li Dai, Sun Yang 2015, 19 (34):  5463-5467.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.011 Abstract ( 513 )   PDF (948KB) ( 294 )   Save BACKGROUND: Nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composite has good material-cell interface and three-dimensional porous network structure, and it can also be gradually degraded over time after implantation in the human body. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 in early repair of femoral head necrosis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 62 cases of early osteonecrosis of the femoral head, including 32 males and 30 females, aged 34-51 years. These patients were divided into control group (31 cases) and observation group (31 cases) according to treatment methods. Core decompression with nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 implantation and core decompression with bone graft were respectively performed in the observation and control groups. Incidence of pain in the two groups was compared at 1 day after treatmen; and during the 12-month follow-up, the Harris score of the hip function in the two groups was compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in the visual analog scale scores between two groups at 1 day after treatment. The Harris scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 3 and 12 months after treatment (P < 0.05). There was no adverse reaction in the two groups. These findings indicate that nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 material for repair of early femoral head necrosis has good biocompatibility, and can obtain good effects on limb function recovery.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of nano-artificial bone in anterior cervical fusion Liu Xing, Tian Li-jun, Deng Zhi-gang, Guo Yu-song 2015, 19 (34):  5468-5472.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.012 Abstract ( 438 )   PDF (892KB) ( 278 )   Save BACKGROUND: Nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide artificial bone has good biocompatibility and strong tissue binding force, which exerts a significant role in the recovery of neurological function. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide artificial bone in anterior cervical fusion. METHODS: Ninety patients with cervical spondylosis and traumatic dislocation of the cervical spine were randomized into observation group and control group. Patients in the two groups underwent nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide artificial bone and autologous iliac bone implantation, respectively. Surgical condition, Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, vertebral height loss and bone fusion rate were compared and analyzed at different time after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in surgical time, out of bed time, postoperative hospitalization time between the two groups (P > 0.05), but the intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower in the observation group than the control group (P < 0.05). Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores were significantly increased in the two groups at 3 and 6 months after operation and at last follow-up than before (P < 0.05), but there was no difference in the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score between the two groups (P > 0.05). The vertebral height loss and bone fusion rate had no difference between the two groups at 6 months after operation and at the last follow-up (P > 0.05). No adverse effects occurred in the two groups. These findings indicate that nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide artificial bone has good clinical effects in anterior cervical fusion, and the treatment effect is equivalent to autologous iliac bone graft. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biocompatibility of a new titanium alloy containing copper Ren Bao-rui, Liu Jie, Zhang Er-lin, Dong Hui 2015, 19 (34):  5473-5479.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.013 Abstract ( 521 )   PDF (5375KB) ( 904 )   Save BACKGROUND: Copper-titanium alloy has been fabricated in previous studies to improve the antibacterial property and biocompatibility of titanium materials. OBJECTIVE: With reference to the principle and experimental method specified by GB/T16886-ISO10993, to fully and systematically assess the biocompatibility of copper-titanium alloy. METHODS: Based on the pre-experimental results, titanium alloy containing 10% copper was selected and subjected to oral mucosa stimulation experiment, skin stimulation test, acute systemic toxicity test, hemolytic test, prothrombin time test and dynamic coagulation test for biocompatibility evaluation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The copper-titanium alloy has no oral mucous membrane irritation, no short-term systemic toxicity, no skin sensitization, and no hemolysis, indicating it has a good biocompatibility. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biocompatibility of poly-L-lactic acid, a new synthetic material for skin burn Deng Li-huan 2015, 19 (34):  5480-5484.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.014 Abstract ( 352 )   PDF (5864KB) ( 592 )   Save BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) polymer has good biocompatibility and can be directly involved in human metabolism without any side effects, which is a polymer material that can be used as bioscaffolds. OBJECTIVE: To explore the biocompatibility of PLLA. METHODS: The moisture absorption rate of collagen composite and PLLA was detected. Cell morphology observation was carried to detect the growth state of C3H10T1/2 cells that grew in normal HDMEM medium, HDMEM medium+dimethyl sulfoxide, HDMEM medium+collagen composite extract, HDMEM medium+PLLA extract for 72 hours. MTT kit was used to detect the relative proliferation rate of the C3H10T1/2 cell lines that grew in the above-mentioned media and the toxicity evaluations were based on the material toxicity criteria. Hemolysis degree was measured in rabbit blood samples containing normal saline, distilled water, PLLA extract and collagen composite extract. The allergic reaction and pyrogen reaction in rabbits were observed through injection of normal saline, distilled water, PLLA extract and collagen composite extract via the ear vein. Collagen composite and PLLA were respectively implanted subcutaneously into the rabbits, and after 4 weeks, the levels of interleukin-10 and interleukin 23 in serum were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The moisture absorption rates per unit area and per unit mass of collagen composite material were lower than those of PLLA synthetic materials (P < 0.05). C3H10T1/2 cells grew well in the PLLA extract, with a higher relative growth rate and lower cytotoxicity (grade I). Compared with the collagen composite materials, the PLLA synthetic materials had a lower hemolysis ratio and less inflammatory reactions (P < 0.05); and there were no allergic reaction and pyrogen reaction. These findings indicate that the PLLA scaffold materials for burned skin have good absorbing fluid performance and biocompatibility. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biological safety of hydrophobic acrylic foldable intraocular lens  Duan Xiao-jie, Jiang Bao-guang, Wang Zhao-xu 2015, 19 (34):  5485-5490.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.015 Abstract ( 367 )   PDF (1003KB) ( 400 )   Save BACKGROUND: Hydrophobic acrylic foldable intraocular lens should be evaluated biologically with New Zealand rabbits as implant objects prior to clinical trial. OBJECTIVE: To observe the biological safety of hydrophobic acrylic foldable intraocular lens. METHODS: Twelve New Zealand rabbits were enrolled. The right eyes were implanted with self-developed hydrophobic acrylic foldable intraocular lens (Shenyang Baiao Medical Device Co., Ltd., China) as experimental group, and the left eyes were implanted with Acrysof IQ SN60WF (Alcon, USA) as control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After implantation, there were no significant differences in the cornea, anterior chamber, implant position, posterior segment of eyeball between two groups. Tissue proliferation had no obviously difference between the two groups, and there were cornea and lens pouch inflammations. No macrophages and other inflammatory cells were visualized on the surface of intraocular lens, and fibrous tissues were found on the intraocular lens surface and in the haptics root. These findings suggest that the self-developed hydrophobic acrylic foldable intraocular lens has no difference from Acrysof IQ SN60WF widely used in clinic, and it has the biological safety. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing of zirconia all-ceramic crowns: stability and biocompatibility  Li Shuang 2015, 19 (34):  5491-6495.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.016 Abstract ( 516 )   PDF (933KB) ( 357 )   Save BACKGROUND: Zirconia all-ceramic crowns have been widely accepted in the clinic because of its excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility and aesthetic performance. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of zirconia all-ceramic crowns prepared using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing versus conventional method. METHODS: Eighty-seven patients who used zirconia all-ceramic crowns, consisting of 56 males and 31 females, aged 21-56 years were included in this study. Among these patients, 42 patients were subjected to tooth repair with zirconia all-ceramic crowns prepared using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technique (experimental group) and 45 patients received tooth repair with zirconia all-ceramic crowns prepared using conventional method (control group). At the end of the 6th month after zirconia all-ceramic crown repair, denture surface texture, the color of the restoration, anatomic appearance of prosthesis, marginal integrity, denture health and patient’s satisfaction were investigated between the experimental and control groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After repair with zirconia all-ceramic crowns, patient satisfaction rate of the color of the restoration and total patient satisfaction rate in the experimental group were significantly greater than in the control group (100% vs. 78%, 95% vs. 82%, P < 0.05). The anatomic appearance of prosthesis in the experimental group was superior to that in the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in   denture surface texture, the color of the restoration, and marginal integrity between the experimental and control groups (P > 0.05). Discoloration, cracks and chipping and other adverse reactions were observed in neither experimental group nor control group. These findings suggest that the zirconia all-ceramic crowns prepared using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technique exhibit good aesthetic performance, stability and biocompatibility. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程   Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for repair of peripheral arterial injuries Zhang Han-jiang, Wang Zhi-wei 2015, 19 (34):  5496-5500.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.017 Abstract ( 646 )   PDF (774KB) ( 404 )   Save BACKGROUND: Vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene have been shown to have highly hydrophobic surface characterized by resistance to water penetration and biological durability. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for repair of peripheral arterial injuries. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with peripheral arterial injuries, consisting of 30 males and 8 females, aged 17-61 years, were included in this study. After conventional fluid infusion, anti-shock treatment, anti-inflammation, and debridement, they received implantation of vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. A   12-month follow-up observation was performed to investigate the recovery of affected limbs and vascular patency in patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After implantation of vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, all vessels were unblocked and no cases died or had limbs amputated. Blood supply of all affected limbs recovered to normal and there was no vascular anastomotic infection. Imaging results showed that vascular patency rate was 100%. Ultrasound examination results showed that at the end of the follow-up period, the inner wall of the vascular grafts was smooth, obvious mural thrombus or anastomotic stenosis did not occur in any case, vascular patency rate was 92% (35/38), and no adverse reactions related to artificial vessels were observed. These findings suggest that vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for repair of peripheral arterial injuries exhibit striking surface anticoagulant property and long-term patency. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biodegradable sirolimus eluting stents in coronary artery stenosis: a safety evaluation Chi Xin-dong, Mayinuer Simailahong, Gan Qing-lei, Yang Na 2015, 19 (34):  5501-5505.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.018 Abstract ( 358 )   PDF (928KB) ( 452 )   Save BACKGROUND: Coronary artery stents can be used in clinical treatment of various lesions due to coronary artery stenosis, and different types of drug-eluting stents and bare metal stents can be used surgically. However, there are some differences in the therapeutic efficacy and safety among the stents made in different manufacturers. OBJECTIVE: To explore the safety of biodegradable sirolimus eluting stents from different manufacturers in the treatment of coronary artery stenosis. METHODS: Totally 193 patients with coronary artery stenosis were enrolled, including 116 males and 80 females, aged 37-81 years old. These patients were equally divided into two groups and respectively treated with Firebird stent (MicroPort) and Partner stent (LOOP INC). Patients were followed up for 12 months, and the restenosis rate,  incidence of acute myocardial infarction, rate of coronary artery bypass graft or secondary percutaneous coronary artery interventional therapy, and mortality rate were compared between two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 12 months of followed-up, there was no difference in the restenosis rate, incidence of acute myocardial infarction, rate of coronary artery bypass graft or secondary percutaneous coronary artery interventional therapy, and mortality rate between two groups (P > 0.05). During the follow-up, no adverse reaction occurred in both two groups. These findings indicate that different brands of biodegradable sirolimus eluting stents can obtain good outcomes in the treatment of coronary artery stenosis, have no adverse reaction, and exhibit a certain degree of security. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cellular immune response and immune toxicity to BALB/c mice for animal-based collagen Lei Jing, Li Yi-heng, Liu Xu-zhao, Tang Shun-qing 2015, 19 (34):  5512-5512.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.019 Abstract ( 485 )   PDF (1236KB) ( 591 )   Save BACKGROUND: Natural collagen is considered to have low immunogenicity and good biocompatibility relatively. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the immunogenicity of animal-based collagen in vitro. METHODS: Type I collagen was extracted from bovine tendon after immunogenicity removal. The collagen purity was detected by high performance liquid chromatography and residual DNA was measured quantitatively by fluorescence staining. Fifty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: subcutaneous injection of normal saline solution (negative control), bovine collagen (positive control), 33.4, 66.8, 133.4 mg/kg of bovine tendon collagen, respectively, once a day. After 12 days of continuously subcutaneous injection, lymphocyte proliferation, and cell classification and NK cell killing function of mice were detected; after 3 weeks of continuous injection, the spleen, liver, spleen and lung tissue of mice were taken for histological examination. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the standard type I collagen, the purity of purified type I bovine collagen reached more than 99%, but the residual DNA was below 1 mg/L which was far less than the residue level of conventional cell-free DNA in the matrix (dry weight: 50-100 μg/g). After 12 days of continuous injection, there were no changes in lymphocyte proliferation, NK cell killing function and the proportion of lymphocyte subsets. After 3 weeks of injection, the spleen and lymph sheath of mice around the small artery became thickened in the 66.8 and 133.6 mg/kg bovine tendon collagen groups, which could cause accidental liver injury and lung injury, but the splenic corpuscle germinal center area had no change. These findings indicate that continuously subcutaneous injection of animal-based collagen can cause the lower lymphocyte immune response to the spleen of BALB/c mice, which may cause accidental liver and lung injuries. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biomaterial repair combined with continuous lumbar subarachnoid drainage for management of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and meningitis after spinal surgery  Zhou Gang, Zhang Yu-kun, Huang Wei-min, Wang Cheng-wei 2015, 19 (34):  5513-5517.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.020 Abstract ( 316 )   PDF (838KB) ( 564 )   Save BACKGROUND: Traumatic or iatrogenic dural defects can cause persistent cerebrospinal fluid leakage, even progressing to life-threatening purulent meningitis. In patients with meningitis combined with cerebrospinal fluid leakage, most antibiotics are unable to enter the cerebrospinal fluid, as the cerebrospinal fluid is a good medium for bacteria and there is the presence of blood-brain barrier. So meningitis presents with acute onset, rapid development and infection difficult to control. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of continuous lumbar subarachnoid drainage plus intrathecal administration of antibiotics for postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage combined with meningitis after biomaterial repair of dural defects. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out to review the 12 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage combined with meningitis among 126 of 2 266 cases who developed cerebrospinal fluid leakage (5.56%) undergoing spinal  surgery from June 2008 to June 2013. During the operation, dural defects were directly sutured or repaired with autologous fascial sheet. All cases underwent thorough debridement and intravenous injection of sensitive antibiotics followed by continuous lumbar drainage and intrathecal administration of sensitive antibiotics (usually vancomycin), and then the incision was closed at stage I. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cerebrospinal fluid leakage was found in the 12 cases at 24-72 hours after surgery, averagely 48 hours; the infection was found at 812 days days after surgery, averagely 9.5 days. Headache and fever were significantly relieved at the 2nd day of intrathecal administration of antibiotics, and intracranial infection disappeared at 7-14 days after continuous lumbar drainage. Biochemical test of the cerebrospinal fluid and routine examination were done thrice, and the results were all normal. No bacterial growth was found in bacterial culture test, and the drainage tube was removed. There was no intraspinal infection, intracranial hypotension headache and hernia caused by the drainage tube. These findings indicate that autologous fascia repair combined with continuous lumbar subarachnoid drainage plus intrathecal administration of antibiotics is an effective method in the treatment of cerebrospinal fluid leakage with meningitis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Chuanglingye-loaded collagen promotes chronic wound healing Yao Chang, Jiang Hong, Xu Yan-lei, Zhu Yong-kang 2015, 19 (34):  5518-5522.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.021 Abstract ( 236 )   PDF (863KB) ( 302 )   Save BACKGROUND: It has been shown that Chuanglingye has good anti-inflammatory effects, inhibits platelet aggregation and thrombus and improve wound healing. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Chuanglingye-loaded collagen on regulating inflammation and healing process of chronic wounds. METHODS: Forty rats were selected to make chronic wound models and randomly divided into four groups at 3 days after modeling: control group, collagen group, Chuanglingye group, Chuanglingye-loading collagen group, 10 rats in each group, respectively treated with 0.2 mL normal saline, 0.2 mL Chuanglingye, collagen and Chuanglingye-loaded collagen. The size of wounds was measured when modeling and at 3, 7 and 15 days after modeling. Amount of white blood cells, interleukin-6 level and tumor necrosis factor-α level in wound exudates were detected. The levels of hydroxyproline and matrix mentalloproteases (MMPs), including MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, in the granulation tissue, were also detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 3, 7, 15 days after modeling, the amount of white blood cells and levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9 were significantly lower in the Chuanglingye-loaded collagen group and Chuanglingye group compared to the control group and collagen group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference between Chuanglingye-loaded collagen group and Chuanglingye group. The level of hydroxyproline in the granulation tissue was significantly higher in the Chuanglingye-loaded collagen group than the other three groups at 3, 7, 15 days after modeling (P < 0.05), and the size of wound in the Chuanglingye-loaded collagen group was significantly lower than that in the other three groups at 15 days after modeling (P < 0.01). In addition, no significant difference was found among the four groups at 15 days after modeling. These findings indicate that Chuanglingye-loaded collagen can significantly depress proliferation and infiltration of inflammatory cells on the wound surface, decrease levels of inflammatory factors and MMPs in wound exudates, and thus promote the healing of chronic wounds. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Three-dimensional tissue engineering scaffolds based on graphene Wang Xin, Li Peng, Wang Zan, Xu Hai-feng, Dong Fu-ping, Chen Hao, Jiang Hong-yu, Klaud D Jandt 2015, 19 (34):  5523-5529.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.022 Abstract ( 435 )   PDF (992KB) ( 392 )   Save BACKGROUND: Based on the chemical composition and physical structure, graphene nanosheets can be used to form a very similar biological micro-environment to the extracellular matrix. OBJECTIVE: To review the preparation, cytocompatibility and cell interaction of graphene-based three-dimensional scaffolds in recent years. METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI, ACS-ACS Publications, Elsevier Science, Nature and PNAS was performed to retrieve articles related to the type, preparation and application of biomedical graphene in tissue engineering. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Graphene and its derivatives are made as a module, and based on its two-dimensional structural characteristics or functional groups enriched in oxidized graphene, graphene nanosheets can be assembled in different ways to build a three-dimensional macroscopic structure that is easy to compound other functional materials. Compared with a single graphene sheet or carbon nanomaterials, three-dimensional macroscopic graphene and its composite materials will be more likely to form new and unique structures and properties, which have more practical values and possess the functions of tissue engineering scaffolds. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Osteochondral autograft and allograft and tissue engineering materials for repair of articular cartilage injury  Zhou Jian-lin, Fang Hong-song, Peng Hao, Deng Shuang, Weng Jin-qing, Liu Feng, Chen Sen, Zhou Guan-jin 2015, 19 (34):  5530-5535.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.023 Abstract ( 281 )   PDF (897KB) ( 412 )   Save BACKGROUND: In recent years, repair of articular cartilage injury has become an important field in basic medical research. Because injured articular cartilage is difficult to repair, the repair of articular cartilage injury has become a difficult hotspot.   OBJECTIVE: To review the biomaterials possibly used for articular cartilage repair and functional reconstruction, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the selection of the desired tissue engineering scaffolds. METHODS: The first author searched the PubMed and CNKI databases (1989-2014) using the keywords of “articular cartilage injury, bone graft, tissue engineering scaffold materials” in English and Chinese, respectively. Articles related to the structure and function of the articular cartilage and materials for repair of different articular cartilage injuries were selected to systematically review and summarize the materials for articular cartilage repair. Then, advantages and disadvantages of these repair materials were reviewed to introduce several kinds of cartilage repair materials applied as cartilage tissue engineering scaffolds from the perspective of materialogy, thus providing a theoretic basis for the clinical selection of cartilage repair materials. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Commonly used cartilage repair materials include osteochondral autograft and allograft, collagen, sodium hyaluronate, chitosan and other natural polymer materials. Osteochondral autograft and allograft transplantation can be only used for temporary pain relief, but cannot repair the injured cartilage successfully. In addition, tissue engineering technology is in the research phase and its clinical research is ongoing. Either autograft materials or tissue-engineered scaffold materials have their own biomechanical properties, and up to now, it is still impossible to produce the artificial cartilage tissue that has the same mechanical properties to the natural cartilage tissues. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biocompatibility of Ti35Nb3Zr2Ta, a new beta-titanium alloy, as joint prosthesis material Duan Yong-gang, Ding Ying-qi, Zhang Long, Liu Yu-zhang, Tang Xiao-long 2015, 19 (34):  5536-5540.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.024 Abstract ( 374 )   PDF (897KB) ( 300 )   Save BACKGROUND: Ti6Al4V is a titanium alloy that is widely used in human joint replacement, but its modulus of elasticity is greater than human bone, resulting in the bad stability of the prosthesis. Ti35Nb3Zr2Ta, a new β titanium alloy, has a lower modulus of elasticity, and maybe becomes a new-generation human joint prosthesis material that has a better biocompatibility. OBJECTIVE: To study the biocompatibility of Ti35Nb3Zr2Ta in prosthesis. METHODS: Wanfang, CNKI and PubMed databases were retrieved using a computer with “new β titanium; prosthesis; biocompatible” as keywords, and the retrieval time ranged from 2010 to 2015. Articles focusing on current application status for medical prosthesis materials and the biocompatibility of Ti35Nb3Zr2Ta in prosthesis were selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with Ti6Al4V, Ti35Nb3Zr2Ta has higher surface roughness and smaller surface contact angle; the alkaline phosphatase activity and amount of calcium deposits in osteoblasts cultured at Ti35Nb3Zr2Ta is significantly higher than that at Ti6Al4V. Ti35Nb3Zr2Ta has good biocompatibility, and can be considered to be widely used as joint prosthesis material further. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Properties and application of embolic biomaterials Kong Zhi-gang, An You-zhi, Sun Hu 2015, 19 (34):  5541-5546.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.025 Abstract ( 528 )   PDF (905KB) ( 377 )   Save BACKGROUND: Endovascular embolization materials have been produced and used clinically, but new problems constantly occur in the clinical application and new demands are also developed for embolic materials. OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various types of embolic materials and to investigate the relationship between application fields and selection of embolic materials, thereby providing a reference for clinical treatment. METHODS: CNKI and PubMed databases were retrieved for relevant literature, and then embolic materials were systemically reviewed based on relevant clinical application and basic research literature in the following aspects: embolism mechanisms, clinical applications, advantages and disadvantages of various embolic materials. In this review, the existing problems in the current study were pointed out, and the development direction of relevant research and clinical application were also prospected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Embolic materials should have biodegradability and biocompatibility. Current embolic materials include absorbable gelatin sponge, Polyvinylalcohol embolic agent, micro-coils and liquid embolic materials. Gelatin embolic material has no antigenicity and good histocompatibility, as well as has  excellent compressibility and water re-expansibility. Polyvinylalcohol particles are a polymer material that is insoluble in water, has high expansion coefficient, mechanical embolization, non-allergenic reaction, no acute systemic toxicity, no intracutaneous irritation, and can be used safely and effectively. Adhesive liquid embolic material has no vascular toxicity and has been widely used. Endovascular embolization materials have been produced in succession, and meanwhile, new problems in clinical applications have been found and new demands for embolic materials have been put forward continuously. Thus, a variety of embolic materials have their own advantages and disadvantages, and none of embolic materials can be applied to all diseases. To select an appropriate embolic material is very important for safe and effective treatment. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | Related Articles | Metrics

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Hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens: biocompatibility and complications following implantation Wei Fen, Ai Ming 2015, 19 (34):  5547-5551.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.026 Abstract ( 466 )   PDF (886KB) ( 509 )   Save BACKGROUND: Hydrophilic acrylic materials with good biocompatibility have been widely used in clinic. However, there are some problems about the biocompatibility and safety of hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens after long-term clinical application. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the biocompatibility and stability issues and corresponding processing methods after hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: A computer-based search of Wanfang and PubMed database was performed for articles related to clinical application of hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens published from 2005 to 2014. The keywords were “hydrophilic acrylic，intraocular lens” in Chinese and English, respectively. A total of 618 articles were initially retrieved, and finally 35 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: As the hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens is foldable, a small incision is required for implantation and the operation is simple that cause less damage to the patients. In addition, the hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens has poor bacterial and inflammatory cell adhesion, which leads to a low probability of infective endophthalmitis after implantation. But there is a high incidence of posterior capsule opacification as well as some refractive errors and visual quality problems after implantation. Taken together, to solve these problems depends on the continuous improvements and updates of intraocular lens materials and designs. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Self-fixating mesh and sutured mesh in open inguinal hernia repair: a Meta-analysis Wang Jia-sheng, Yang Lei, Kang Xiao-lan, Chen Yong 2015, 19 (34):  5552-5558.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.027 Abstract ( 316 )   PDF (1214KB) ( 450 )   Save BACKGROUND: It remains controversial in term of therapeutic efficacy of self-fixating mesh and sutured mesh in inguinal hernia repair. OBJECTIVE: To compare the therapeutic effects of self-fixating mesh and sutured mesh in open inguinal hernia repair with Meta-analysis. METHODS: Comprehensive electronic search strategies were developed using the following electronic databases: Cochrane library, PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Ovid, CNKI, Wanfang and FMJS. The Literature published before December 2014 was searched. Perspective randomized controlled trials about comparing self-fixating mesh and sutured mesh in open inguinal hernia repair were included. A data-extraction sheet was developed based on the preset standards. The data from eligible studies were pooled through Meta-analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nine trials with a total of 2 100 inguinal hernia patients met the inclusion criteria, including 1 033 cases of self-fixing mesh and 1 067 cases of sutured mesh. The Meta-analysis showed that no significant differences were found between the two groups in the recurrence rate, seroma, hematoma, wound infection, pain, foreign body sensations (P > 0.05), but the duration of operation was less in the self-fixing mesh group than the sutured mesh group (P < 0.05). According to limited evidence, there are some findings as follows: self-fixating mesh is equivalent to sutured mesh in the therapeutic effects on open inguinal hernia repair. Because of the limits of samples and literature quality, more large-sample and high-quality trials are required to make a definite clinical evidence to use self-fixating mesh for groin hernia repair. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Main cariogenic microorganisms: a Meta-analysis Ye Yi-liao, Jia Yu-huan, Huang Wen-ming, Zheng Yu-qi 2015, 19 (34):  5559-5566.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.028 Abstract ( 401 )   PDF (1160KB) ( 336 )   Save BACKGROUND: Scholars have carried out a lot of research on the main cariogenic microorganisms, but there is still no comprehensive and systematic evaluation. OBJECTIVE: To perform an evidence-based medicine analysis on the six main cariogenic microorganisms. METHODS: Literature about microbial factors and age factors of caries disease etiology were retrieved, which were published from 2011 to 2014 in the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Wanfang, China Biology Medicine disc (CBMdisc), Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CJFD) and VIP. Eligible studies were divided into two groups according to absorbance values: observation group (higher absorbance value) and control group (lower absorbance value). The probability of dental caries under the impact of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus microbe, Prevotella, Selenomonas, Capnocytophaga, Veillonella were statistically analyzed using Meta-analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Eight articles were included in result analysis. Odds ratio (OR) values refer to the statistical difference in the probability of dental caries under same pathogenic factors between two groups: OR > 1 indicates the incidence of dental caries is higher in the observation group than the control group, and OR < 1 suggests the incidence of dental caries is lower in the observation group than the control group. Meta-analysis results show Streptococcus mutans (OR=2.41), Lactobacillus microbe (OR=1.68), Prevotella (OR=2.75),  Capnocytophaga (OR=1.98), Selenomonas (OR=2.38), indicating that the probability of dental caries is higher in the observation group than the control group, and these microorganisms are greatly correlated with the occurrence and development of dental caries; Veillonella (OR=0.45), indicating the probability of dental caries is lower in the observation group than the control group, and Veillonella has small correlation with dental caries and only plays an important role in a certain development stage of dental caries. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Intra-articular injection of biological agents for treatment of osteoarthritis: effects on the articular cartilage and its function Wu Jun, Pan Suo-hua, Wang Li-qin, Li Ying 2015, 19 (34):  5566-5571.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.029 Abstract ( 389 )   PDF (1036KB) ( 527 )   Save BACKGROUND: Hyaluronic acid or compound betamethasone for treatment of knee osteoarthritis can reduce inflammatory reactions in the joints, relieve pain, and protect the function of the knee joint. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid combined with compound betamethasone on middle-stage knee osteoarthritis as well as protective effect on joint function. METHODS: A total of 100 patients with II, III knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into two groups: intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (2 mL) as control group and intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid    (2 mL) combined with compound betamethasone (1 mL) as testing group. The intra-articular injection was carried out once a week, totally for consecutive 5 weeks. Visual analog scale score, Lysholm knee joint score and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were compared between two groups before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After treatment, the visual analog scale score, Lysholm knee joint score and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were improved significantly in the two groups as compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05); in addition, these parameters were all better in the testing group than the control group (P < 0.05). No systemic adverse reactions occurred in the two groups. These findings indicate that the intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid combined with compound betamethasone can reduce inflammatory reactions, relieve  pain, and improve joint function. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Intra-articular injection of biological agents for treatment of osteoarthritis: effects on the articular cartilage and its function Liu Ya-ping1, Zhang Yue-rong2, Li Xiao-yan1 2015, 19 (34):  5572-5576.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.34.030 Abstract ( 306 )   PDF (1808KB) ( 262 )   Save BACKGROUND: Hyaluronic acid or compound betamethasone for treatment of knee osteoarthritis can reduce inflammatory reactions in the joints, relieve pain, and protect the function of the knee joint. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid combined with compound betamethasone on middle-stage knee osteoarthritis as well as protective effect on joint function. METHODS: A total of 100 patients with II, III knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into two groups: intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (2 mL) as control group and intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid    (2 mL) combined with compound betamethasone (1 mL) as testing group. The intra-articular injection was carried out once a week, totally for consecutive 5 weeks. Visual analog scale score, Lysholm knee joint score and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were compared between two groups before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After treatment, the visual analog scale score, Lysholm knee joint score and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were improved significantly in the two groups as compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05); in addition, these parameters were all better in the testing group than the control group (P < 0.05). No systemic adverse reactions occurred in the two groups. These findings indicate that the intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid combined with compound betamethasone can reduce inflammatory reactions, relieve  pain, and improve joint function. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | Related Articles | Metrics