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11 June 2015, Volume 19 Issue 24 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of different compatibility proportion of active ingredients of Kidney Recipe on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation  Jia Ying-min, Li Rui-yu, Wu Mi-shan, Huo Rui-lou, Li Bin 2015, 19 (24):  3773-3777.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.001 Abstract ( 286 )   PDF (938KB) ( 386 )   Save BACKGROUND: Animal and cell studies have shown that the Kidney Recipe can prevent and treat osteoporosis and improve bone metabolism, but this recipe is complicated. Recent studies on compound Chinese medicine mainly focused on serum drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, which has limitations, and the effective ingredient and pharmaceutical material basis are uncertain. OBJECTIVE: In the different concentrations and time, by using different compatibility proportion of active  ingredients of Kidney Recipe, osteoblasts from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to culture intervention. The proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts were determined so as to identify time-effect and dose-effect relationship of Kidney Recipe on osteoblasts and to provide experimental evidences for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. METHODS: Primary neonatal 24-hour osteoblasts of Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured in vitro. Herbs “tonic” and “cathartic” active chemical components of different proportion were used. The experiment contained three groups: Tonics Medicine (T) > Cathartic Medicine (C) group, T < C Medicine group and control group. T > C group and T < C group were given 10, 20, 30 μg/L serum-free medium kidney prescription intervention for osteoblast cultures. Cell proliferation was detected at 24, 48 and 72 hours after culture. Alkaline phosphatase secretion of osteoblasts was measured at 48 and 72 hours. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At mass concentration of 10 μg/L and 48 hours of culture, a significant promoting effect on the proliferation was found in the T > C group (P < 0.05). At mass concentration of 20 μg/L, no significant difference was detected in the T > C and T < C groups at various time points, but significant difference was found as compared with the control group. At mass concentration of 30 μg/L and 48 hours of culture, a significant promoting effect on the proliferation was visible in the T > C group (P < 0.05), and the proliferation became weak at 72 hours. At mass concentration of 10 μg/L and 72 hours of culture, alkaline phosphatase secretion could be promoted in the T > C group. At mass concentration of 20 μg/L and 24 hours of culture, the promoting effect on alkaline phosphatase secretion was most significant in the T < C group (P < 0.05). At mass concentration of 30 μg/L and 72 hours of culture, the promoting effect on alkaline phosphatase secretion was optimal in the T > C group (P < 0.05). Results confirm that active ingredients of Kidney Recipe compatibility proportion can promote osteoblasts proliferation and differentiation most strongly in the T > C group in the time-effect and the dose-effect relationship.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Insulin-like factor, testosterone and bone metabolism indexes in the prediction of osteoporotic fractures in elderly men   Liu Xuan-min 2015, 19 (24):  3778-3782.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.002 Abstract ( 422 )   PDF (818KB) ( 302 )   Save BACKGROUND: The domestic incidence of osteoporosis in elderly men has an increasing trend with aging. Osteoporosis patients are prone to fracture, which can pose a serious threat to patient’s life and safty, but there is still a lack of effective screening measures to prevent its occurrence. OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical significance of insulin-like factor, testosterone and bone metabolism index levels in the prediction of osteoporotic fracture in elderly men. METHODS: Totally 120 male patients with osteoporotic fractures were enrolled as observation group, and another 120 healthy males with no osteoporosis admitted at the same period acted as controls. There were no differences in age and body mass index between the two groups. Insulin-like factor, testosterone and bone metabolism index levels were detected and compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, the bone mineral densities of the lumbar vertebrae and left femoral neck were significantly lower in the observation group (P < 0.05), and the levels of insulin-like factor and serum testosterone were also significantly lower in the observation group (P < 0.05), but the levels of collagen type I C-terminal foreign bodies and β-CTX were significantly higher in the observation group. No significance was found in the osteocalcin, serum calcium, serum phosphorus levels between the two groups (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that the serum testosterone, insulin-like factor and some bone metabolism indexes can be used for prediction of osteoporotic fractures in elderly men, which have a certain reference value.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Intervention of inflammatory cell infiltration and cartilage destruction of the knee joints in mouse models of collagen-induced arthritis by small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors  Liu Wei, Zhang Yong, Geng De-chun, Huang Li-xin, Li Jian 2015, 19 (24):  3783-3787.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.003 Abstract ( 280 )   PDF (1427KB) ( 322 )   Save BACKGROUND: At present, spleen tyrosine kinase is the new target of studying and treating rheumatoid arthritis. OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor HL131078 on the inflammatory cell infiltration and cartilage destruction of the knee joint of mice with collagen-induced arthritis. METHODS: Forty DBA/1 mice were randomly and evenly divided into blank, model, positive and experimental groups. Collagen type II (CII) solution and Freund’s complete adjuvant (including mycobacterium tuberculosis) were injected into the mice of the latter three groups through the tail to establish mouse models of collagen-induced arthritis. At 2 weeks after the the first immunization with CII, the mice in the positive group were intragastrically given R406 (10 mg/kg), once a day, for 28 consecutive days. The mice in the experimental group were intragastrically given HL131078 (10 mg/kg), once per day, for 28 consecutive days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model group, the mean arthritis indexes of mice in the experimental and positive groups started to decline at 29 and 26 days. In the experimental group, the cartilage destruction of mouse knee joint was obviously reduced and the inflammatory cell infiltration in the knee joints was obviously reduced, which was close to that in the positive group. The results demonstrate that the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor HL131078 can effectively reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and cartilage destruction in the knee joints of mice with collagen-induced arthritis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fast-Fix combined with sodium hyaluronate in meniscal repair under arthroscope  Wu Jian-wei, Fan Guo-feng, Zhang Tian-yi, Qiao Jin-huan, Lu Bo, Kong Fan-lin, Wang Zeng-li 2015, 19 (24):  3788-3792.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.004 Abstract ( 559 )   PDF (934KB) ( 410 )   Save BACKGROUND: Sodium hyaluronate is a polysaccharide polymer biomaterial, which is considered to have a certain effect to repair the cartilage surface, reduce the release of inflammatory mediators, and promote meniscal repair. OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of Fast-Fix combined with sodium hyaluronate in meniscal repair under arthroscope. METHODS: Eighty-six patients with meniscus injury admitted at the Department of Orthopedics, CNPC Central Hospital, from March 2008 to March 2014 were enrolled in the study. The average age was 25.5 years, and the average duration of disease was 1.5 months. The main clinical manifestations included knee joint pain and swelling after exercise and positive McMurray signs. The MRI results showed meniscus tear or degeneration. Arthroscopic repairing surgeries were performed with Fast-Fix combined with sodium hyaluronate injection (2.5 mL at the end of surgery), and then sodium hyaluronate was injected intraarticularly at 1, 2, 3 weeks after surgery. Each patient was assessed with Lysholm knee joint score system before and after operation． RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Eighty-one patients were followed up for an average of 1.5 years and five patients were lost to follow-up. Joint locking, significant tenderness and movement disorder symptoms disappeared in 79 of 81 patients, and meniscal healing was shown on MRI review within 1 year after surgery; the Lysholm score was higher than 75 points, and the excellent rate was 98%. Only the remained two patients felt swelling and tenderness and the movement was slightly restricted when going down or standing up. The Fast-Fix combined with sodium hyaluronate in meniscal repair under arthroscope has good effect and good function of knee joint. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Implant fixation of tibial avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament: knee joint range of motion and functional evaluation  Wang Liang-yong, Li Jian-gang, Zhang Chun, Zhang Jun, Du Hong-jun, Cui Cao, Tian Da-wei 2015, 19 (24):  3793-3797.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.005 Abstract ( 296 )   PDF (820KB) ( 412 )   Save BACKGROUND: From the biological structure, the posterior cruciate ligament is surrounded by the synovial folds of posterior capsule, arising from the inner side of the medial femoral condyle to the posterior part of tibial intercondyloid spine. The main traditional treatment method for posterior cruciate ligament tibial avulsion fracture is open operation, but it is difficult in anatomic reduction, cannot fully restore knee joint stability and has a great negative impact on the normal function of posterior cruciate ligament. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of arthroscopic implant internal fixation in the treatment of tibial avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament. METHODS: 120 patients with tibial avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament were randomly assigned into treatment group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group was given the traditional open surgery, and the treatment group was given the arthroscopic surgery. After 3 months, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores and Lysholm scores were detected in the two groups; the knee joint range of motion was determined before and 3 months after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Wounds were healed at stage I in all patients with no serious complications. There was no difference in the knee joint range of motion between the two groups before treatment, but the range of motion was increased significantly in both two groups at 3 months after treatment (P < 0.05), meanwhile which was higher in the treatment group than the control group (P < 0.05). At 3 months after treatment, the excellent knee function rate was significantly higher in the treatment group (97%) than the control group (88%) according to the Lysholm scores; the IKDC scores were significantly higher in the treatment than the control group in terms of claudication, support, pain, swelling, and squat (P < 0.05). These results indicate that the arthroscopic implant fixation of tibial avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament has better short-term effects to promote recovery of knee joint function, but no serious complications. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of warming yang and benefiting marrow recipe on the expression of collagen type II and proteoglycans in the articular cartilage   Jing Lin, Guo Zhi-kun, Zhang Hong-mei, He Ming-jiang, Shan Peng-cheng 2015, 19 (24):  3798-3802.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.006 Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (5028KB) ( 307 )   Save BACKGROUND: Collagen type II and proteoglycan loss are two most obvious manifestations of cartilage damage in the onset of osteoarthritis. Changes in collagen type II and proteoglycan as the main components of cartilage matrix directly lead to cartilage degeneration and subsequently result in osteoarthritis. How to reverse or prevent the development of this process becomes the focus of medical research. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of warming yang and benefiting marrow recipe on the expression of collagen type II and proteoglycan in the articular cartilage of knee osteoarthritis rabbits as well as to further explore the mechanism underlying chondrocyte protection.    METHODS: Ninety-six New Zealand rabbits, aged 9 months old, male and female, were selected to prepare osteoarthritis models in extension position using cast immobilization method, and were randomly divided into four groups: blank group (untreated), model group (simple modeling), Chinese medicine group (intragastric administration of extracts of warming yang and benefiting marrow recipe, 24 mL/kg/d) and western medicine group (intragastric administration of glucosamine hydrochloride, 24 mL/kg/d). Intragastric administration was done once a day for 6 weeks. RT-PCR technology was used to observe the effect of warming yang and benefiting marrow recipe on the expression of collagen type II and proteoglycans in the articular cartilage, and pathological examination was also done. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cartilage surface was smooth in the blank group and Chinese medicine group, with uniform toluidine blue staining, but in the model group and western medicine group, the cartilage surface was rough and the toluidine blue staining was extremely uneven with obvious loss of surface and middle layer dying. The expressions of cartilage proteoglycan and collagen type II in the model group were significantly lower than those in the blank group (P < 0.01) as well as in the Chinese medicine group and western medicine group (P < 0.05). In addition, the expressions of cartilage proteoglycan and collagen type II in the Chinese medicine group were higher than those in the western medicine group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the recipe of warming yang and benefiting marrow can enhance the expressions of collagen type II and proteoglycan, which can maintain the normal collagen phenotype and protect the articular cartilage. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Pirfenidone effects on human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts cultured in vitro  Lan Wei, Li Xiao-jian, Ji Xue-liang, Yi Xian-feng, Liu Yan-zhi, Tu Rong-mei 2015, 19 (24):  3808-3812.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.008 Abstract ( 421 )   PDF (5438KB) ( 403 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that cytokine inhibitor pirfenidone can inhibit biological activity of fibroblasts by regulating a variety of cytokines. It has made good progress in the research and application of anti-fibrosis of internal organs, but the effect and mechanism for hypertrophic scars and skin fibroblasts are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of pirfenidone on human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. METHODS: Human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were cultured using tissue culture method. Passages 3-6 cells grew well in the logarithmic growth phase were collected. Cells were divided into the control group (0 g/L pirfenidone), 0.15, 0.3 and 1 g/L pirfenidone groups according to different mass concentrations. Cells were intervened for 12, 36 and 48 hours. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: MTT, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results demonstrated that compared with the control group, cell proliferation, transforming growth factor β1 mRNA expression, types I and III collagen secretion were decreased in the 0.15, 0.3 and 1 g/L pirfenidone groups (P < 0.05), and the decrease was most significant in the 1 g/L pirfenidone group (P < 0.05). At 24, 48 and 72 hours after intervention, significant differences in inhibitory rate of cell proliferation and the   secretion of types I and III collagen were detected among 0.15, 0.3 and 1 g/L pirfenidone groups (P < 0.05). Results confirmed that pirfenidone apparently inhibited the secretion of collagen of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts cultured in vitro, transforming growth factor β1 expression and cell proliferation and viability.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishing transgene mouse models: construction and identification of human leucocyte antigen-A*0206 gene lentiviral vector Zhang Xiu-yan, Zhan Chun-lie, Zhang Xiao-yu 2015, 19 (24):  3813-3817.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.009 Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (5905KB) ( 312 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0206 subtype is related to the abscess of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but there is no corresponding transgenic animal models that could used to judge the relationship between HLA-A*0206 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma on the overall level and further research of immunotherapy and gene therapy. OBJECTIVE: To construct lentiviral vectors carrying pLVX-CMV-HLA-A*0206-HA-mCMV-ZsGreen and establish HLA-A*0206 transgenic mice. METHODS: The HLA-A*0206 sequence was synthesized. EcoRI recognition site was introduced in the 5’ end by polymerase chain reaction, and influenza virus hemagglutinin labels and BamHI recognition site were introduced in the 3’ end. Eco RI and Bam HI double enzyme digestion target fragments and the pLVX-CMV-mCMV-ZsGreen plasmids were connected to the digested productions and transfected JM109 competent cells. The positive clones were selected and identified by double enzyme digestion and sequencing. The positive plasmid and packaging plasmids were transfected into 293T cells, which were human renal epithelial cell line that can express SV40 large T antigen. The lentivirus containing target sequence was produced. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gel electrophoresis and sequencing results showed that, HLA-A*0206 was successfully inserted into pLVX-CMV-mCMV-ZsGreen frame plasmids. Transfection efficiency was 92% after 48 hours of transfecting 293T cells. The viral suspension titer was 5 × 108 measured by fluorescence method. Experimental findings indicate that, the lentivirus containing cytomegalovirus promoter, HLA-A*0206, influenza virus hemagglutinin label and Zsgreen report gene was successfully constructed. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bilateral condylar morphology in adult patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate  Li Zeng-cai, Liu Xin-qiang 2015, 19 (24):  3818-3823.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.010 Abstract ( 273 )   PDF (553KB) ( 366 )   Save BACKGROUND: The characteristics of condylar morphology should be first understood in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the bilateral condylar morphology in adult patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate.  METHODS: This study included 25 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (study group), and 25 normal volunteers (control group). The upper condylar height, ramal height, condylar height and condylar width were measured on panoramic radiographs. The ratio of the upper condylar height to the ramal height and the ratio of the condylar height to the condylar width were calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, upper condylar height, condylar width, condylar height and the ratio of the upper condylar height to the ramal height were reduced in the study group between the normal and affected sides (P < 0.05). Moreover, significant differences in condylar morphology were detected between the two groups. No significant difference in ramal height and the ratio of the condylar height to the condylar width was detected between the two groups (P > 0.05). No significant difference in upper condylar height, ramal height, condylar width, condylar height, the ratio of the upper condylar height to the ramal height, the ratio of the condylar height to the condylar width, and condylar morphology was detectable between the normal and affected sides in the experimental group (P > 0.05). These data show that adult patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate presented short condylar process and narrow neck, and the condylar process is shorter than ramus, which provides clinical evidence for patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Peritubular capillary network in 5/6 nephrectomized rats undergoing naked netrin-1 plasmid transfection  Li Jian-feng, Han Hong-guang, Li Xiao-mi, Shi Hong 2015, 19 (24):  3824-3831.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.011 Abstract ( 312 )   PDF (993KB) ( 394 )   Save BACKGROUND: Renal tubular-interstitial lesion and fibrosis induced by peritubular capillary reduction is a common pathway for various chronic kidney diseases which eventually develop into end-stage renal failure. How to increase the density of peritubular capillary network is the key to resolving renal interstitial fibrosis. Netrin-1, as a potent mitogen of vascular endothelial cells, can promote the migration and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and induce angiogenesis.      OBJECTIVE: To observe the protective effects of naked netrin-1 plasmid transfer on the remnant renal function of 5/6 nephrectomized rats and the effects of naked netrin-1 plasmid transfer on peritubular capillary network, and to further discuss the possible mechanism.     METHODS: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, model and treatment groups. Upper and lower one-third of the rat left kidney was resected in the model and treatment groups, and then the right kidney was resected after 1 week to prepare remnant kidney models in rats. IRES2-EGFP and pCMV6-XL5-Netrin-1-IRES2-EGFP pGenesil-NPs plasmids were intravenously injected into the left renal vein while resecting the right kidney of rats in the model and treatment groups, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with model group, the levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine decreased, the degree of renal interstitial fibrosis alleviated, the density of peritubular capillaries increased, and the netrin-1 protein expression in renal tubular cytoplasm increased in the treatment group. These findings suggest that the naked netrin-1 plasmid transfer can significantly improve the renal function of the 5/6 nephrectomized rats, reduce the pathological lesion and renal interstitial fibrosis of the remnant kidney, increase the density of peritubular capillaries, and decrease the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, thereby improving the anoxic condition of renal interstitial tubules. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 Figures and Tables | Related Articles | Metrics

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Grin2A expression under inhibition of miR-17 in poststroke depression rats   Yang Xiao-yu, Shi Qi, Chu Xiu-feng, Zhang Qing-qin, Zhang Min, Zheng Sheng-zhe, Ji Ying-hua,Lu Ping 2015, 19 (24):  3832-3838.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.012 Abstract ( 316 )   PDF (1136KB) ( 350 )   Save BACKGROUND: Poststroke depression is one of the most common psychological behavior disorders after stroke and its mechanism remains unclear. Studies have suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis may play an important role in psychology diseases. OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of miR-137 in the blood and brain of poststroke depression rats and its effect on the behaviors of rats. METHODS: Thirty-six rats were equally divided into six groups: control, model, agomir-137, agomir-NC, agomir-137 + Grin2A and agomir-137+vector groups. Control group had no treatment. Poststroke depression models were established by ligation of middle cerebral artery and chronic mild stimulation in the latter four groups followed by receiving an injection of nothing, agomir-137, agomir-NC, LV-CMV-Grin2A or control plasmids into the left lateral ventricle, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We found significantly lower miR-137 levels in the brain and peripheral blood of post-stroke depression rats compared with normal rats. Vertical scores and horizontal scores on the behavior test were significantly higher in the agomir-137 group than the agomir-NC and model groups at 3 weeks after cerebral ischemia; while, sucrose consumption percentage was also higher in the agomir-137 group at the end of 2 weeks  after cerebral ischemia. Luciferase assays showed miR-137 bound to the 3’ UTR of Grin2A, regulating Grin2A expression in a neuronal cell line. Grin2A gene overexpression in the brain of post-stroke depression rats noticeably suppressed the inhibitory effect of miR-137 on post-stroke depression. Overall, these findings show that miR-137 suppresses Grin2A protein expression through binding to Grin2A mRNA, thereby exerting an inhibitory effect on post-stroke depression and offering a new therapeutic target for poststroke depression.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and expression of trefoil factor 3 expressing vector for tandem affinity purification  Huang Jian-kun, Wang Lin, Pei Yi-hua, Liu Guo-yan 2015, 19 (24):  3839-3843.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.013 Abstract ( 279 )   PDF (1082KB) ( 365 )   Save BACKGROUND: As a novel growth factor, human intestinal trefoil factor (TFF3) can promote cell growth and migration, and increase cell resistance to apoptosis, and it plays a great role in maintaining the mucosa integrity, mucosa protection and repairing the injured mucosa, also it has been closely related to the tumor growth and progression. With the function of mucosa repair, and as the tumor biomarker, TFF3 has a promising clinical application, but its definite interacting protein and molecular mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To construct and express the TFF3 recombinant protein with the tandem tag of StrepII-6×His in the target cells for further purifying its interaction protein in the native condition based on the tandem affinity purification technique. METHODS: The DNA sequence for the tag (StrepII-TEV-6×His) and TFF3 as template was got by chemical  synthesis and PCR amplification respectively. They were fused by the restriction enzyme XbaI site, and the tag sequence was located at the C terminus of TFF3 protein. TFF3-tag fusion gene was cloned into the pCDNA3.0 using EcoRI+HindIII, thus the TFF3-tag expressing vector pTFF3-C-StH was constructed and transfected transiently into gastric cell AGS by lipofectin. The recombinant TFF3-tag protein was expressed and detected by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expressing vector pTFF3-C-StH for tandem affinity purification was constructed successfully, and was confirmed further by restriction enzyme analysis and sequenced. The recombinant TFF3-C-StH protein of TFF3-tag was expressed in the AGS cell, and showed specific antigenicity by western blot assay. Thus this work provides experimental base for further purification of the TFF3 interacting proteins.     中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The expression of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitors 1 and 2 during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy Yang Long1, Zhang Ya-min1, Cui Zi-lin1, Liu Zi-rong2, Yang Chao2 2015, 19 (24):  3844-3848.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.014 Abstract ( 320 )   PDF (829KB) ( 286 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that the reason of the slower liver regeneration in individuals of cirrhotic liver after partial hepatectomy compared with healthy liver may be related to the delayed synthesis and secretion of hepatocyte growth factor during liver regeneration, but the cause of this phenomenon is not clear. The hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor found in recent years can indirectly inhibit the activation of hepatocyte growth factor, but there is little research to explore the expression of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor in the regeneration process after partial hepatectomy in cirrhotic liver and its relationship with the liver regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitors (HAI-1, HAI-2) during cirrhotic and normal liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy through establishing the cirrhotic rat model, and to explore the biological effects of HAI-1, HAI-2 in cirrhotic liver during the liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. METHODS: We used 40% CCl4 subcutaneous injection to establish the cirrhotic rat model, then we performed 70% liver resection for the experimental group. The rats in the control group only received ordinary water feeding and 70% liver resection. Rats in each group were randomly sacrificed before surgery and at 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after surgery, and samples were collected. We used RT-PCR technology to detect the expression of HAI-1 mRNA, HAI-2 mRNA in splenic tissue. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression levels of HAI-1 mRNA of two groups after partial hepatectomy were increased firstly and then decreased. The expression of HAI-1 mRNA in cirrhotic rats was sustained higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), there was no significant difference between the two groups of the expression of HAI-2 mRNA (P > 0.05). The expression of HAI-1 mRNA in liver cirrhosis rats after resection was consistently higher than that in healthy rats, which may lead to the insufficient synthesis and secretion of hepatocyte growth factor activator in cirrhotic rats, then hepatocyte growth factor precursor may not be activated enough, eventually leading to slow liver regeneration. HAI-2 may not be involved in the wound repair process of liver.     中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of self-made KYL solution on preserving macaque liver  Bai Jian-hua, Chen Gang, Zhu Xin-feng, Zhao Xiong-qi, Liu Qi-yu, Zhao Ying-peng, Li Li 2015, 19 (24):  3849-3854.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.015 Abstract ( 311 )   PDF (1182KB) ( 309 )   Save BACKGROUND: At present, liver transplantation is the best method to treat end-stage liver disease. UW solution is recognized as the best liver preservation solution, but it is expensive. Moreover, the extracellular fluid of high K+ condition is inconsistent with human physiology. Because transient hyperkalemia of UW solution often causes cardiac arrest, research and development of the new liver preservation solution already brook no delay. OBJECTIVE: To study the protective effect of self-designed KYL solution on ischemia reperfusion injury in macaque donor liver. METHODS: A total of eight recipient macaques and eight donor macaques were selected in this study. Each group contained KYL solution group (n=4) and UW solution group (n=4). Donor liver was perfused and cryopreserved for 4 hours and subjected to allogenic orthotopic liver transplantation. At 30 minutes and 6 hours after transplantation, bile production was recorded. Blood was obtained and used to detect concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, nitric oxide, endothelin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Liver tissue was collected and detected under the light microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Bile secretion was found in both groups. Bile secretion production increased as time went on (P < 0.05). At 30 minutes and 6 hours after donor liver reperfusion, serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase concentrations were lower in the KYL solution group than in the UW solution group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in levels of serum nitric oxide, endothelin 1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha between the two groups (P > 0.05). Under light microscope, morphological observation of liver tissue revealed that cellular edema was evident in the UW solution group than in the KYL solution group. Results suggest that the effect of KYL solution on preventing ischemia/reperfusion injury was identical to the UW solution, and partial effect was better than UW solution.     中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程   Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dimethyl sulfoxide acts as a protective agent to perfuse rabbit amputated limbs: the relative recovery of local drug concentrations An Zhuo-ling, Ding Kun, Liu Chun-sheng, Zhu Ze-xing, Zhou Jing-chao, Zhang Zhen, Zhang Shu-ming, Wang Dan 2015, 19 (24):  3855-3859.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.016 Abstract ( 210 )   PDF (812KB) ( 317 )   Save BACKGROUND: The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide cryoprotectants has been got a lot of verification in the low-temperature medical applications. But there is no literature addressing microdialysis detection of dimethyl sulfoxide cryoprotectants. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the microdialysis relative recovery of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide cryoprotectants used for limb reattachment. METHODS: In vitro linear probe relative recovery of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (2%, 5%, 8%) was detected by retrodialysis gain and loss method. The correction in vivo experiment was done to estimate dimethyl sulfoxide relative recovery in rabbit amputated limbs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The relative recoveries of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (2%, 5%, 8%) were (49.49±3.56)%, (46.30±1.48)%, (52.66±2.54)% using retrodialysis gain method and (50.99±6.89)%, (43.86±1.35)%, (50.67±0.75)% using retrodialysis loss method. The average recoveries were (49.48±3.18)% and (48.51±4.03)%, respectively. There was no difference in the relative recovery of dimethyl sulfoxide detected using two methods. The change of dimethyl sulfoxide concentration could not influence the retrodialysis gain and loss method calibration results. The recovery was (15.45±4.8)% in vivo. These findings indicate that the microdialysis technology is suitable for dimethyl sulfoxide sampling in vivo that has no obvious influence on the relative recovery.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Dll4 at different concentrations on the biological functions of extravillous trophoblasts  Luo Qing-qing 2015, 19 (24):  3860-3864.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.017 Abstract ( 312 )   PDF (702KB) ( 405 )   Save BACKGROUND: Extravillous trophoblasts exert a crucial effect on early pregnancy. When extravillous trophoblasts function abnormally, many pregnancy diseases can develop, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction and placental implantation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Dll4, a ligand of Notch signaling family, on biological functions of extravillous trophoblasts. METHODS: Human extravillous trophoblast cell lines, HTR-8/SVneo, were cultured with human recombined protein Dll4 of different concentrations (0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mg/L). Cell viability was tested by cell counting kit-8 assay. Transwell assay was applied to examine the changes in cell migration and invasion ability. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Dll4 could significantly improve migration and invasion abilities of extravillous trophoblasts, but had no effect on cell viability. In addition, Dll4 regulated the invasion ability of extravillous trophoblast in a dose-dependent manner. Above all, Dll4 can play an important role in normal pregnancy by regulating the biological functions of extravillous trophoblasts.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Activated expression of matrix metalloproteinase is involved in the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide  Yan Guang-hua, Qin Hua 2015, 19 (24):  3865-3869.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.018 Abstract ( 317 )   PDF (846KB) ( 312 )   Save BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors are proteolytic enzymes contaning Zn+, and involved in extracellular matrix degradation and tissue remodeling of a variety of tissues. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of matrix metalloproteinases in the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide.  METHODS: MC3T3-E1 cell line was divided into four groups randomly: control group, low-dose lipopolysaccharide group (1 μmol/L), moderate-dose lipopolysaccharide group (10 μmol/L), and high-dose lipopolysaccharide group (100 μmol/L). The proliferation rate in each group was analyzed. Matrix metalloproteinase 2, 3, 9 and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 and 2 expressions were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The proliferation rate was increased greatly after medication of lipopolysaccharide in time-dependent and concentration-dependent manners. Moreover, the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors were apparently enhanced, and showed significant differences. Results indicate that the enhanced expressions of matrix metalloproteinases participated in the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of high expression of Csk-binding protein on morphology and biological function of Jurkat cells Cong Bei-bei, Gao Mei-hua, Wang Bing, Shao Zhi-wei, Wang Li-na, Zhang Wen 2015, 19 (24):  3870-3875.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.019 Abstract ( 282 )   PDF (706KB) ( 325 )   Save BACKGROUND: The linkage and synergistic effect of adaptor proteins can effectively regulate signal transduction of T cells, which can form a limit or amplification cascade to realize the complex immune function of T cells. C-terminal Src kinase (Csk)-binding protein (Cbp) is an adaptor protein, which mainly exert the negative feedback regulation of Src kinase activity. This negative feedback effect depends on Y317 of Cbp, which may be involved in the SH2 domain of Csk. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of high expression of Cbp on ultrastructure and related biological function of Jurkat cells. METHODS: The virus particles were constructed with expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) only and Cbp-EGFP fusion protein to transfect Jurkat cells. There were untransfected group (Jurkat group), negative control group (transfected with expression of EGFP virus only), and Cbp group (transfected with Cbp-EGFP virus). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Confocal microscope showed that cell transfection efficiency was more than 95% and Cbp was located on the cell membrane. Optical microscope showed after transfection with Cbp-EGFP virus, more Jurkat cells shrunk, with poor size uniformity. Apoptosis detection showed that after transfection with Cbp-EGFP virus, the number of apoptotic and necrotic cells was greatly increased. Cbp mRNA expression was increased, Csk expression was decreased obviously and lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase expression was increased. So, in Jurkat cells, the high expression of Cbp can decrease the uniformity of cells and increase the necrosis cells, thus inhibiting the signal transduction.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dendritic cell costimulatory molecule expression and immunosuppressant intervention Yang Xiao-yong, Yao Qing-chun, Wang Wei, Qi Man, Hong Xi-ying, Liu Chen-mei, Yin Hang, Liu Hang, Ren Liang, Hu Xiao-peng, Zhang Xiao-dong 2015, 19 (24):  3876-3881.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.020 Abstract ( 303 )   PDF (950KB) ( 413 )   Save BACKGROUND: Previous studies on immunosuppression and anti-rejection after organ transplantation mainly focused on effects of T lymphocytes-mediated immune response and immunosuppressive agents on T lymphocytes. Effects of dendritic cells were unclear. The manifestation and mechanism of immunosuppressive agent effects on dendritic cells are not identical. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of different immunosuppressive agents on expression and function of costimulatory molecules of dendritic cells, and to explore the mechanism of action of immunosuppressive agents. METHODS: 20 μg/L rapamycin, 0.04 mg/L mycophenolate, 10 μg/L tacrolimus and 1 mg/L cyclosporine A were separately added during bone marrow cells of C57BL/6 mice were differentiated into dendritic cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Flow cytometry results revealed that CD40 expression in each group: rapamycin < tacrolimus < cyclosporine A < mycophenolate mofetil (P < 0.01); CD86 expression: rapamycin < tacrolimus < cyclosporine A = mycophenolate mofetil (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in CD80, CD11c and major histocompatibility complex II expression among groups (P > 0.05). One-way mixed lymphocyte reaction  results displayed dendritic cell costimulatory T cell proliferation in each group: rapamycin < mycophenolate mofetil < tacrolimus = cyclosporine A (P < 0.05). The results confirmed that rapamycin, tacrolimus, cyclosporine A, and mycophenolate mofetil exerted immunosuppression by suppressing CD40 and CD86, especially rapamycin. Above medicines do not noticeably inhibit major histocompatibility complex II expression, but suppress T cell proliferation, and the inhibitory effect of rapamycin on cell proliferation is strongest.     中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Three-dimensional gait analysis in normal young adults: temporal, kinematic and mechanical parameters  Huang Ping, Zhong Hui-min, Chen Bo, Qi Jin, Qian Nian-dong, Deng Lian-fu 2015, 19 (24):  3882-3888.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.021 Abstract ( 1345 )   PDF (1248KB) ( 732 )   Save BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional gait analysis is an objective gait evaluation method which has been more and more widely used in clinical detection. But there is still a lack of the unified standard for evaluating the normal human gait characteristics. OBJECTIVE: To detect the gait data in normal China young people and to provide the reference for analyzing the abnormal gait. METHODS: Totally 100 normal China young adults were enrolled to test natural gaits using the three-dimensional motion capture system of the British Vicon to get the spatial and temporal parameters, kinematics parameters, kinetics parameters. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The curves of left and right sides (hip, knee, ankle joint angle and vertical ground reaction) of normal young people distributed basically consistently. There were no statistically significant differences between the left side and the right side in data of the motion angles of the hip, knee, ankle joint (first landing angle, maximum flexion angle, maximum extension angle, maximum range of motion in sagittal plane) and the vertical ground reaction parameters (the first wave peak, valley and the second wave peak) (P > 0.05). The normal human gait data established can provide the reference for clinical gait analysis.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biomechanical characteristics of waist flexor and extensor muscles in outstanding juvenile male basketball athletes  Xiao Bing, Ye Zhan-hong, Pang Jie 2015, 19 (24):  3889-3893.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.022 Abstract ( 334 )   PDF (783KB) ( 324 )   Save BACKGROUND: At present, isokinetic testing system has attracted more and more attentions in the evaluation of athlete muscle function, but its application in the detection of waist and abdomen muscle strength characteristics in juvenile male basketball athletes is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To study the biomechanical characteristics of waist flexor and extensor muscles inoutstanding juvenile male basketball athletes in order to provide the basis for waist and abdominal strength training, scientific selection and prevention of lumbar abdomen injury in basketball sport. METHODS: Eighteen athletes from the Guangzhou Men’s Basketball Team were subjected to the detection of muscle strength and work of waist flexor and extensor muscles at 60(°)/s and 180(°)/s using Cybex-Norm isokinetic test system. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At the same testing speed, the peak torque and relative peak torque of the extensor muscles were higher than those of the flexor muscles (P < 0.01). The increase in the peak torque, relative peak torque and total work of the waist extensor and flexor muscles exhibited a reduced tendency with the increasing of testing speed (P < 0.05); the peak torque and relative peak torque of the extensor muscles were  decreased more significantly (P < 0.01); the relative power of the waist extensor and flexor muscles were increased gradually with the increasing of testing speed (P < 0.01). These parameters were better in perimeter players than in post players. Under the isokinetic concentric contraction, the peak torque ratio of extensor to flexor muscles showed a decreasing trend with the increasing of testing speed and the waist flexor peak torque and extensor muscles flexion showed a decreasing trend, and the trunk stability was weakened. These findings indicate that the muscle strength of the extensor muscles was higher than that of the flexor muscles; the muscles strength of the waist flexor and extensor muscles was better in perimeter players than in post players. In isokinetic rapid movement, the muscle strength of the waist flexor and extensor muscles were reduced and the balance of the muscle strength of the waist flexor and extensor muscles was weakened, suggesting rapid strength training of the waist and abdominal core muscles should be strengthened in juvenile male basketball athletes.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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OPG-RANKL-RANK signaling system is an important approach to regulate osteoclasts and osteoporosis   Li Yan-long, He Ming, Chen Bing-xiong, Chen Bing-hu, Wang Jun-xia, Wang Tian-xue, Wei Hong, Song Min 2015, 19 (24):  3894-3898.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.023 Abstract ( 591 )   PDF (727KB) ( 412 )   Save BACKGROUND: The OPG-RANKL-RANK transport system plays a crucial role in bone resorption mechanism of osteoclasts. OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of OPG-RANKL-RANK signaling system in osteoclasts, osteoporosis, and the targeted therapy of OPG-RANKL-RANK signaling system. METHODS: We retrieved related literatures in the periodicals database with the key words of “osteoprotegerin, RANKL, RANK, osteoclasts, osteoporosis” in English and Chinese. According to the inclusion criteria, the literatures were included in this study after the evaluation of quality. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mature of osteoclasts is mediated via OPG-RANKL-RANK signaling system and its associated signaling pathways. This signal pathway leads to the mechanism of osteoporosis. At the genetic and molecular levels, the targeted therapy of osteoporosis has become the focus. OPG-RANKL-RANK signaling system can provide a research platform for targeted treatment of osteoporosis, and OPG-RANKL-RANK signaling system is an important way to the regulation of osteoclasts and osteoporosis.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Circulating fibrocytes and chronic wound healing Bao Ji-hong, Yang Jing, Chen Bin 2015, 19 (24):  3899-3904.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.024 Abstract ( 411 )   PDF (834KB) ( 295 )   Save BACKGROUND: Circulating fibrocytes originated from the peripheral blood are a fibroblast-like cell subpopulation of leukocytes. Circulating fibrocytes play an essential role in wound repair by secreting extracellular matrix proteins and cytokines, initiating antigen-specific immunity, accelerating wound contraction as well as promoting angiogenesis. However, the potential role for improving chronic wound healing and its mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biological features of circulating fibrocytes and its potential role and mechanism in accelerating chronic wound healing. METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI database from 2000 to 2014, PubMed database from 1994 to 2014 and Foreign Medical Journal Full-Text Service database from 2000 to 2014 was performed using “circulating fibrocytes, non-healing wounds, diabetic foot ulcer, wound healing, cell therapy” in Chinese and English as the keywords to retrieve articles related to circulating fibrocytes, refractory mechanism of chronic wound healing and cell therapy for chronic wounds. Totally 54 articles meeting the inclusive criteria were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cell therapy with circulating fibrocytes is a safe and effective treatment for improving wound healing and has been used to repair various chronic wounds in the recent decades. Circulating fibrocytes are a distinct subpopulation of fibroblast-like leukocytes in the peripheral blood. It is able to migrate into wound sites at the early stage of wound repair and plays an active role in the wound healing process by secreting extracellular matrix proteins, cytokines, presenting antigens, contracting wound and promoting neovascularization. Recently, it has been proved in animal experiments that circulating fibrocytes can accelerate chronic wound healing, especially diabetic chronic wound.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Morphologic characteristics of the mandibular ramus in patients with prognathism undergoing sagittal split ramus osteotomy  Ma Jia 2015, 19 (24):  3905-3909.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.025 Abstract ( 383 )   PDF (751KB) ( 364 )   Save BACKGROUND: Sagittal split ramus osteotomy is one of the most popular surgical procedures for correcting various mandibular deformities. There have been numerous modifications to this technique on the basis of clinical experiences and observation, but relevant anatomical data are very limited. A lot of anatomic studies on the mandible have been performed during the recent 20 years. OBJECTIVE: To entirely understanding the morphology of the mandibular ramus in the sagittal split ramus osteotomy and to explore the research progress in the sagittal split ramus osteotomy. METHODS: An electronic search of CMB and Medline was performed for relevant reviews and papers published from 1991 to 2011. Progress in the sagittal split ramus osteotomy was also analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 26 articles related to the sagittal split ramus osteotomy were enrolled. The keys to avoiding complications due to the sagittal split ramus osteotomy are as follows: distribution of cancellous bone in the mandibular uvula area, distribution of cancellous bone between the mandibular canal and buccal cortical bone during splitting progress, as well as location and trend of the mandibular canal. Pre-operative CT test contributes to a successful sagittal split ramus osteotomy and a reduction in complications, and the anatomical measurement can be applied clinically to a greater extent.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Pierre Robin sequence related genes Tang Chen-lu, Shen Wei-min 2015, 19 (24):  3910-3915.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.026 Abstract ( 636 )   PDF (784KB) ( 448 )   Save BACKGROUND: Pierre Robin Sequence is a congenital malformation which is characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis and respiratory tract obstruction with or without cleft palate. SOX9, KCNJ2, Ptprs and Ptprf are probably connected with Pierre Robin Sequence. OBJECTIVE: To review the recent progress in the researches on the related genes about Pierre Robin Sequence. METHODS: A computer-based online search of CNKI database and PubMed database was performed to retrieve the relevant articles published from January 1999 to September 2014 with the key words of “micrognathia, Pierre Robin Sequence, mutation, gene locus” in Chinese and English, respectively. Finally, 58 articles were included for review after deleting unrelated and repetitive ones. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: SOX9, KCNJ2, Ptprs and Ptprf are probably connected with Pierre Robin Sequence. Recently, the research on the genes connected with Pierre Robin Sequence focuses on 17q23-24, and small sample cases are commonly seen. But, further large sample test and case analysis, as well as related animal models are needed to analyze the role of these genes in the pathogenesis of Pierre Robin sequence, as well as consequently, we can analyze the etiology and pathogenesis of Pierre Robin sequence.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Autologous chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture for treating cartilage defects of the knee: a Meta-analysis  Cheng Cong, Ren Shi-you, Jiang Xiao-cheng, Jiang Chang-qing, Zhang Wen-tao 2015, 19 (24):  3916-3923.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.027 Abstract ( 416 )   PDF (1361KB) ( 347 )   Save BACKGROUND: A few studies have reported that autologous chondrocyte implantation is better than microfracture for treating cartilage defects of the knee. But there are few meta-analyses on the clinical outcomes of autologous chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of autologous chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture in the treatment of cartilage defects of the knee based on existing clinical data.   METHODS: A systematic search for controlled clinical trials or controlled prospective observational studies published from 1979 to January 2015 was done in electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register, Wanfang, CNKI and VIP. The literatures about the effects of autologous chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture in the treatment of cartilage defects of the knee were retrieved. We screened the retrieved literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and performed a Meta-analysis  with the software RevMan 5.2 after identification of the relevant data.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Eight studies were enrolled according to the selection criteria, which revealed a statistically significant difference, representing a clinically relevant superiority of autologous chondrocyte implantation over microfracture, in IKDC scores at final follow-up [weighted mean difference (WMD), -9.93; 95% confidence interval (CI): -13.16 to -5.43; P < 0.000 01] and available scores at 5-year follow-up [standard mean difference (SMD), -0.30; 95%CI: -0.55 to -0.05; P=0.02). In contrast, there were no significant differences, thus representing no clinical relevant superiority of microfracture versus autologous chondrocyte implantation, in Tegner scores at final follow-up (WMD=0.44; 95%CI: 0.04 to 0.84; P=0.03), Lysholm scores at final follow-up (WMD=-10.21; 95%CI: -33.68 to 13.26; P=0.39), and available scores at 2-year follow-up (SMD=-0.25; 95%CI:-0.92 to 0.43; P=0.47). These findings demonstrate that autologous chondrocyte implantation can result in a better long-term outcome than microfracgure. However, whether autologous chondrocyte implantation has a better treatment effect than microfracture in general needs more research.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fasting blood glucose and prognosis of patients surviving over 1 year after renal transplantation  Wang Li 2015, 19 (24):  3924-3928.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.028 Abstract ( 390 )   PDF (812KB) ( 311 )   Save BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation is an important metabolic complication of the transplanted organ, and seriously affects the quality of life and long-term survival rate of patients, which is a risk factor for renal allograft dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in fasting blood glucose and prognosis of patients who had survived more than 1 year after renal transplantation. METHODS: Totally 42 patients undergoing renal transplantation admitted at Xiantao First People’s Hospital from January 2003 to January 2013, including 7 cases of preoperative diabetes, 11 cases of impaired fasting glucose and 24 cases of normal fasting blood glucose. Fasting blood glucose levels were detected at 1, 7, 14 days and 1, 3, 6, 12 months after renal transplantation, and the survival conditions were also compared among different groups. Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze influential factors of survival in patients undergoing renal transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The fasting blood glucose levels in the diabetes mellitus group were significantly higher than those in the impaired fasting glucose group and normal fasting blood glucose group before and after renal transplantation (P < 0.05). The fasting blood glucose levels were increased in all the groups at 1 day after transplantation (P < 0.05), and stabilized at 3 months after transplantation. The survival rate was significantly higher in the normal fasting blood glucose group than in the diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose groups after renal transplantation (P < 0.05). Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that preoperative fasting blood glucose, age, postoperative tumor and infection were the independent risk factors for death in patients undergoing renal transplantation, among which, postoperative tumor led to the highest death risk ratio that was 2.376. Taken together, preoperative diabetes mellitus has some impacts on renal recipients who survive  more than 1 year following transplantation, but postoperative diabetes mellitus had no influence on the survival rate of the patients.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Three kinds of skin flaps for hand wound repair: an effectiveness evaluation Lv Hong-da, Wang Gen-lin, Liu Yue-fei, Zou Jun 2015, 19 (24):  3929-3936.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.24.029 Abstract ( 399 )   PDF (1072KB) ( 326 )   Save BACKGROUND: Donor site, recipient site and operator are three important factors for flap transplantation in the repair of hand soft tissue defects. Depth studies are needed on how to choose flaps according to the principle of “good reconstruction of the recipient site, little damage to the donor site, reliable survival, simple and easy operation”. OBJECTIVE: To compare the repairing effects of pedicled neurovascular fasciocutaneous flap, abdominal skin flap and free flap, thereby providing a reference for clinical choice. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients who underwent transplantation of pedicled neurovascular fasciocutaneous flap, abdominal skin flap and free flap in the repair of hand defects, respectively, were all follow-up to compare and analyze the disability of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH), injured site, touch and pressure sensation (Semme-Weinstein monofilament method), dynamic and static two-point discrimination (m2PD, s2PD), temperature sensation, swelling degree, and degree of scar contracture at donor sites. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No significant difference in the degree of scar contracture, temperature sensation, touch sensation, and two-point discrimination was found among the three kinds of flaps, but DASH score, swelling degree and tough and pressure sensation in the abdominal skin flap group were significantly different from those in the other two groups. These findings indicate that these three kinds of flaps have their own characteristics, and can be selected clinically based on a variety of objective requirements.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics