Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (8): 1465-1472.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.08.023

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Bone cement is required for multi-segment osteoporotic compression fractures

Zeng Yi-wen1, 2, Xu Jian-an1, Gui Jian-chao2, Ma Yong1   

  1. 1 Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
    2 Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2012-05-12 Revised:2013-01-31 Online:2013-02-19 Published:2013-02-19
  • Contact: Gui Jian-chao, Doctor, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Chief physician, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zeng Yi-wen☆, Studying for doctorate, Chief physician, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu Province, China zenyiwen@163.com

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Vertebral osteoporotic compression fractures often occur in the elderly with serious bone calcium loss, and light external forces can cause vertebral fractures. The percutaneous vertebroplasty developed recently has better effect for the treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect and material characteristics of bone cement for the treatment of multi-segment osteoporotic compression fractures.
METHODS: Thirty-two patients (158 vertebral bodies) with osteoporotic compression fractures were treated with bone cement through percutaneous vertebroplasty. Review X-ray and CT scanning were performed after treatment to understand the fracture vertebra reduction, changes of vertebral capacity, bone cement distribution and leakage situation. The change of the volume of vertebral body before and after treatment was detected with CT volumetric analysis, the change of visual analog scale was observed and the reason for bone cement leakage was analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the 32 patients (158 vertebral bodies) were included in the final analysis. There were no nerve root and spinal cord injuries, no pulmonary embolism and no cardiovascular system acute response after injection of bone cement. All the patients were followed-up for 6-16 months after treatment, averaged in 10 months, and there were no serious complications or vertebral collapse. The vertebral volume before treatment was (22.2±8.6) cm3 and increased to (24.8±6.9) cm3 after treatment, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). Six vertebral bodies appeared bone cement leakage, including two bone cement leakage in spinal epidural and four bone cement leakage in paravertebral vein, and the leakage may related to the posterior margin burst, low bone cement viscosity and fast injection speed. The visual analog scale score (2.2±3.7) at 48 hours after treatment was significantly lower than (8.3±1.6) before treatment (t=25.2, P < 0.05). The adequate pre-treatment preparation, proper method, suitable bone cement materials combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty is safe and feasible for the treatment of multi-segment osteoporotic compression fractures, which can significantly alleviate pain in the patients, and we should pay attention to prevent the leakage of bone cement during operation.

Key words: biomaterials, academic discussion of biomaterials, bone cement material, percutaneous vertebroplasty, percutaneous kyphoplasty, osteoporotic compression fractures, bone cement leakage, vertebral body volume, visual analog scale, calcium sulfate bone cement, calcium phosphate bone cement, mother-of-pearl, stony coral particle

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