Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (34): 5538-5545.doi: 10.12307/2023.835

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Mechanism and application of glycosaminoglycan in bone tissue engineering

You Yan1, Chen Jiawen1, Lin Binbin1, Wu Jingyi2, Liu Peng3, Wu Buling1, 4, Sun Tianyu5   

  1. 1School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; 2Center of Implant Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China; 3Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China; 4Southern Medical University-Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong Province, China; 5Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2022-11-04 Accepted:2022-12-03 Online:2023-12-08 Published:2023-04-22
  • Contact: Sun Tianyu, MD, Attending physician, Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:You Yan, Master candidate, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81900956 (to WJY); the Scientific Research and Cultivation Plan Project of Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. PY2018036 (to STY); the Foundation for Basic and Applied Basic Research of Guangdong Province, No. 2020A1515110852 (to STY)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The repair of complex bone defects remains a worldwide public health issue. Currently, utilizing biofunctionalized tissue engineering materials to achieve bone regeneration has been an important research focus. Previous studies on the biochemical repair of bone tissue focused on the exploration of intracellular signaling regulatory networks, while the modification and regulation of extracellular signaling molecules were less studied. The modification of glycosaminoglycans as important signaling molecules in the extracellular matrix to play an osteogenic role in scaffold materials is an emerging research direction.
OBJECTIVE: To review the mechanism and application of glycosaminoglycan in bone tissue engineering.
METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for articles concerning glycosaminoglycans to regulate bone tissue regeneration and repair and its role and functional application in bone tissue engineering with the search terms “glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, bone tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering materials, osteogenic differentiation” in English and Chinese respectively. After primarily screening based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 
85 articles with high quality and relevance were included for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) As an important component of the extracellular matrix, glycosaminoglycan not only binds to growth factors to facilitate their diffusion, but also promotes the interaction between receptors and ligands to regulate the signaling pathway of bone regeneration. (2) In bone tissue engineering, glycosaminoglycans are chemically modified and cross-linked, or co-modified with other natural or synthetic polymers in cell scaffolds to support cell adhesion and proliferation, and serve as signaling molecules to provide binding sites for growth factors to stabilize growth factors and promote the binding of endogenous and exogenous growth factors to their corresponding receptors, which can achieve effective bone tissue regeneration. (3) There are still many unresolved issues regarding the application of glycosaminoglycans in bone tissue engineering, such as the form and safety of the local long-term application of glycosaminoglycan, the exact mechanism of action on the fate of osteoblasts, synthesis and purification, which needs to be further improved. 

Key words: glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, bone tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering material, osteogenic differentiation, osteoblast, bone regeneration

CLC Number: