Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (23): 3763-3772.doi: 10.12307/2023.583

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Meta-analysis of the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms and hemorrhagic stroke

Zhu Junjie1, Wang Haihuang2, Li Jianmin1, 3, Zhang Yuxin2, Liu Junjie1, 3   

  1. 1School of Clinical Medicine, 2School of Basic Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China; 3Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2022-08-19 Accepted:2022-09-15 Online:2023-08-18 Published:2023-01-16
  • Contact: Liu Junjie, Lecturer, Master, Attending physician, School of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Zhu Junjie, School of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of North China University of Science and Technology, No. X2021142 (to ZJJ); 2018 Hebei Health Technology Research and Achievement Transformation Key Project, No. zh2018015 (to LJM); Hebei Province Clinical Medicine Excellent Talents Training and Basic Research Project, No. 361036 (to LJM); Science and Technology Project of Tangshan City, No. 21130224C (to LJM); Medical Research Project of Hebei Provincial Health Commission, No. 20221533 (to LJM)

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Whether the polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T or A1298C are associated with hemorrhagic stroke is controversial. Herein, we evaluate the association between the C677T or A1298C polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and hemorrhagic stroke.
METHODS: Relevant research literatures were searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and SinoMed databases. Two persons screened, extracted information, and assessed the quality of the literature. Five genetic models were established: allelic model (T vs. C and C vs. A), dominant model [(CT+TT) vs. CC and (AC+CC) vs. AA], recessive model [TT vs. (CC+CT) and CC vs. (AA+AC)], codominant heterozygous models (CT vs. CC and AC vs. AA), and codominant homozygous models (TT vs. CC and CC vs. AA). Analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 14 software, Cochrane’ Q test and I2 statistics were used to evaluate heterogeneity, and the combined odds ratio (OR) value and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as effect indicators. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore sources of heterogeneity, sensitivity analyses to assess the stability of conclusions, and funnel plots, Begg test, Egger test, and trim and fill methods to assess publication bias. 
RESULTS: Twenty-four high-quality research articles were included, including 23 case-control articles and 1 cross-sectional study. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism was associated with hemorrhagic stroke, and the five genetic models were statistically significant [T vs. C: OR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.18-1.64; (CT+TT) vs. CC: OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.18-1.80; TT vs. (CC+CT): OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.20-1.96; CT vs. CC: OR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.08-1.58; TT vs. CC: OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.31-2.43]. Subgroup analysis suggested that the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T was associated with hemorrhagic stroke in Asian populations, but not in Europe and Africa. The OR value increased with aging. In studies controlling for confounding factors (age and sex) in case and control groups, pooled effect sizes suggested a statistically significant correlation. Considering the reporting rates of various false positive results, it is speculated that the possibility of false positives is small. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase A1288C polymorphism was insignificantly associated with hemorrhagic stroke [C vs. A: OR=1.16, 95% CI: 0.98-1.37; (CC+AC) vs. AA: OR=1.19, 95% CI: 0.96-1.48; CC vs. (AC+AA): OR=1.27, 95% CI: 0.86-1.88; AC vs. AA: OR=1.04, 95% CI: 0.71-1.51; CC vs. AA: OR =1.37, 95% CI: 0.90-2.06]. The positive results obtained by the subgroup analysis were not reliable after the false positive result reporting rate test. 
CONCLUSION: Overall, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T locus polymorphism is associated with hemorrhagic stroke, and carrying the mutant T allele is an important risk factor for hemorrhagic stroke, especially in Asian populations, and the older the higher the risk. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase A1298C locus polymorphism is insignificantly associated with hemorrhagic stroke.

Key words: methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, MTHFR gene, C677T locus, A1298C locus, gene polymorphism, hemorrhagic stroke, Meta-analysis

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