Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (14): 2200-2206.doi: 10.12307/2023.149

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Regulatory mechanism of myoblast proliferation and differentiation

Cheng Chunfang1, Wan Juan1, Ding Kaizhi2, Song Jiahao2, Tang Shan1, Gong Yanchun2, Yao Lihua2   

  1. 1Institute of Physical Education, 2School of Life Science; Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Received:2022-04-14 Accepted:2022-05-28 Online:2023-05-18 Published:2022-09-30
  • Contact: Yao Lihua, MD, Professor, School of Life Science; Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi Province, China
  • About author:Cheng Chunfang, Master candidate, Institute of Physical Education, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 31960193 and 31660275 (to YLH); Technology Innovation High-end Talents Project of Jiangxi Provincial “Double Thousand Plan”, No. jxsq2019201011 (to YLH)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Myoblasts are myogenic progenitor cells, categorized as  muscle satellite cells. Their main physiological functions are regulating blood sugar balance and body metabolism, and they have the ability to self-renew and generate new muscle fibers, which play an important role in maintaining exercise ability. Myoblast proliferation and differentiation is regulated by a variety of regulatory factors and signaling pathways, which is of great significance for the treatment of skeletal muscle injury.
OBJECTIVE: To review and analyze the research progress in the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts and their gene regulation mechanism by reviewing relevant literatures at home and abroad.
METHODS: CNKI and PubMed were searched for the related articles published from database inception to June 2021. The retrieval key words were “myoblast, skeletal muscle, skeletal muscle injury repair, gene regulation, regulatory factor” in Chinese and English, respectively. We reviewed the regulation mechanism of myoblast proliferation and differentiation, and analyzed the role of myoblast proliferation and differentiation in the repair of skeletal muscle injury.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Myoblast proliferation and differentiation is the basis of skeletal muscle development and regeneration after injury or disease. Myoblast differentiation is often accompanied by changes in the expression levels of a series of regulatory factors involved in regulating cell cycle and related signaling pathways. There are mainly myogenic regulatory factors, retinoblastoma family, hypoxia-inducible factor, cyclin p53 and p21, and some signaling pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase, HIPPO, adenylate-activated protein kinase, and hypoxia-inducible factor. Key regulatory factors and some specific functional proteins of cell cycle itself and signal transduction pathways interleave and interact with each other to regulate myoblast proliferation and differentiation. A complex regulatory network is formed to regulate the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts, thus improving the recovery quality of skeletal muscle injury. Therefore, the research on gene regulation of myoblast proliferation and differentiation has important potential application value for further understanding the repair of skeletal muscle injury.

Key words: skeletal muscle, myoblast, proliferation, differentiation, regulatory factor, signaling pathway, gene regulation, injury and repair

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