Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (29): 4685-4690.doi: 10.12307/2021.169

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates autophagy and apoptosis in steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Zhao Qianzeng1, Zhao Zhenqun2, Liu Wanlin2   

  1. 1Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2020-11-05 Revised:2020-11-06 Accepted:2020-12-31 Online:2021-10-18 Published:2021-07-22
  • Contact: Liu Wanlin, Master, Chief physician, Doctoral/Master’s supervisor, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Zhao Zhenqun, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Zhao Qianzeng, Master candidate, Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81960397 (to LWL) and 81760391 (to ZZQ); Young Scientific and Technological Talents Support Program in Colleges and Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. NJYT-20-B04 (to ZZQ) 

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that there is a certain correlation between programmed osteocyte death and steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and there is an interaction between autophagy and apoptosis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway is involved in the regulation of osteocyte autophagy and apoptosis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the related pathways of autophagy and apoptosis regulated by endoplasmic reticulum stress, and summarize the research progress of autophagy and apoptosis pathways in the pathogenesis of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval of PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and WanFang databases was performed for relevant literatures published from database inception to May 2020 with the keywords of “steroid; necrosis of the femoral head; cell autophagy; ER stress; unfolded protein response” in Chinese and English, respectively. The articles concerning autophagy and apoptosis regulating steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head related to endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways were included, and the redundant and old articles or Meta-analysis were excluded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates autophagy mainly through PERK/eIF2α pathway, IRE1-TRAF2-JNK pathway and regulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates apoptosis by activating C/EBP homologous protein of PERK/eIF2α pathway, IRE1α-ASK1-JNK pathway, IRE1α-XBP1-CHOP pathway and Caspase-12 pathway. In mild endoplasmic reticulum stress, the endoplasmic reticulum can initiate autophagy by activating unfolded protein response pathway to restore endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis and promote cell survival. Endoplasmic reticulum stress stimulation that is too strong and persistent will over-induce autophagy or activate apoptosis pathway to cause cell death. Endoplasmic reticulum stress can participate in the regulation of autophagy or apoptosis through a variety of signal pathways; there is a complex interaction between autophagy and apoptosis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in the regulation of programmed death of osteocytes and osteoblasts in the pathogenesis of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head, but the specific mechanism is not clear. 

Key words:  , steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head, endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein response, autophagy, apoptosis, osteocyte, signaling pathway, review

CLC Number: