中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (4): 596-600.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.04.018

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

植入物内固定修复老年下肢骨折:不同麻醉方法对血流动力学及镇痛的影响

朱子夫   

  1. 惠州市中心人民医院麻醉科,广东省惠州市   516001
  • 修回日期:2014-11-26 出版日期:2015-01-22 发布日期:2015-01-22
  • 作者简介:朱子夫,男,1982年生, 江西省九江市人,汉族,2011年昆明医学院毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事老年患者麻醉方面的研究。

Implant fixation repairs lower extremity fractures in the elderly: effects of different anesthesia methods on hemodynamics and analgesia   

Zhu Zi-fu   

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Huizhou 516001, Guangdong Province, China
  • Revised:2014-11-26 Online:2015-01-22 Published:2015-01-22
  • About author:Zhu Zi-fu, Master, Attending physician, Department of Anesthesiology, Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Huizhou 516001, Guangdong Province, China

摘要:

背景:目前腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉中,其用药方式与单独腰麻和硬膜外麻醉用药无太大差别,即先以较大剂量腰麻,而硬膜外用于确保效果和术后镇痛。近年来国内外有学者提出一些新的观点:腰麻先给予小剂量、低浓度的局麻药,再予硬膜外衔接以小剂量、低浓度的局麻药,真正发挥腰麻与硬膜外的联合作用,可以达到完善麻醉效果,以减少不良反应和并发症。

目的:分析小剂量低密度腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉在老年下肢骨折修复手术中的应用效果。
方法:选取惠州市中心人民医院择期行单侧下肢手术患者68例,按照麻醉方式分为对照组与观察组,各34例。对照组采用连续硬膜外麻醉,观察组采用小剂量低密度腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉。对比分析两组患者麻醉阻滞起效时间、阻滞完善时间、麻醉药物用量、下肢改良Bromage评分及血流动力学变化。

结果与结论:观察组麻醉阻滞起效时间、阻滞完善时间、麻醉药物用量及下肢改良Bromage评分与对照组比较,观察组优于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。两组患者麻醉后5,10 min平均动脉压显著低于麻醉前(P < 0.05),其余指标差异无显著性意义。两组患者术后生命体征平稳,且无术后认知功能障碍发生。提示采用小剂量低密度腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉具有起效快、用量少、阻滞完全、镇痛效果好等优点。临床将其应用于老年下肢骨折修复手术,对患者血流动力学影响较小,且可达到较为完善的镇痛效果。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


全文链接:

关键词: 植入物, 骨植入物, 老年下肢骨折, 手术, 小剂量, 低密度, 腰麻, 硬膜外麻醉

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The medication of spinal-epidural anesthesia does not have great differences as compared with spinal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia alone. That is, a large-dose spinal anesthesia is first used. Epidural anesthesia is utilized to ensure effects and postoperative analgesia. Recent scholars proposed some new ideas: small-dose and low-concentration local spinal anesthetics are first used, and small-dose and low-concentration local epidural anesthetics are then utilized, which really plays a joint role in spinal and epidural anesthesia, and achieves perfect anesthesia outcomes, and reduces adverse reactions and complications.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze application outcomes of small-dose and low-density local spinal-epidural anesthesia to repair surgery of elderly lower limb fractures.
METHODS: A total of 68 cases, who would receive the surgery of unilateral lower limb in the Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, were selected in this study. They were equally assigned to control group and observation group according to the anesthesia manner. Each group contained 34 cases. Control group received continuous epidural anesthesia. Observation group received small-dose and low-density local spinal-epidural anesthesia. Onset time of anesthesia, blocking perfect time, the amount of narcotic drugs, lower limbs modified Bromage score and hemodynamic alterations were compared and analyzed between two groups. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Onset time of anesthesia, blocking perfect time, the amount of narcotic drugs, and lower limbs modified Bromage score were better in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Mean arterial pressure was significantly lower at 5 and 10 minutes after anesthesia than that before anesthesia in both groups (P < 0.05). No significant difference was detected in other indexes. Patients from the two groups had stable vital signs. No postoperative cognitive dysfunction occurred. These data indicated that small-dose and low-density local spinal-epidural anesthesia was characterized by rapid onset, less dose, complete block and good analgesia. It is used in the repair surgery of lower extremity fractures in elderly, and has little effect on hemodynamics in patients, and can achieve a more perfect analgesia.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


全文链接:

Key words: Lower Extremity, Fractures, Bone, Internal Fixators, Anesthesia, Epidural

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