中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (31): 8237-8246.doi: 10.12307/2026.336
• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇 下一篇
杨文戟1,2,戴 祝2
收稿日期:2025-06-06
接受日期:2025-08-15
出版日期:2026-11-08
发布日期:2026-05-25
通讯作者:
戴祝,博士,教授,博士生导师,南华大学附属第一医院创伤骨科,湖南省衡阳市 421000
作者简介:杨文戟,男,1998年生,湖南省株洲市人,汉族,南华大学在读硕士,主要从事关节疾病与运动损伤的研究。
基金资助:Yang Wenji1, 2, Dai Zhu2
Received:2025-06-06
Accepted:2025-08-15
Online:2026-11-08
Published:2026-05-25
Contact:
Dai Zhu, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
About author:Yang Wenji, MS candidate, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
Supported by:摘要:
文题释义:
单细胞RNA测序技术:是一种在单细胞分辨率下解析组织转录组异质性的高通量技术,其核心优势在于能够精确识别膝关节组织中不同细胞亚群的基因表达特征。该技术可同时检测单个细胞中数千至数万个基因的表达量(检测灵敏度达0.1-1个转录本/细胞),并能鉴定传统测序方法无法区分的稀有细胞类型(如占比<1%的前软骨干细胞)。在膝关节研究中,单细胞RNA测序技术可定量分析软骨、滑膜等组织中各细胞亚群的差异表达基因(如骨关节炎中软骨细胞的Ⅱ型胶原α1表达下调>50%,基质金属蛋白酶13上调3-5倍),并通过拟时序分析揭示细胞状态转变的分子机制。该技术为膝关节疾病的细胞特异性靶点发现提供了单细胞精度的研究手段。中图分类号:
杨文戟, 戴 祝. 单细胞RNA测序技术在膝关节各组织相关疾病中的研究与应用[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(31): 8237-8246.
Yang Wenji, Dai Zhu. Applications and research advances of single-cell RNA sequencing in diseases of knee joint tissues[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026, 30(31): 8237-8246.







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1.1.7 检索文献量 中文文献323篇,英文文献1 264篇。
1.2 入选标准
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
文题释义:
单细胞RNA测序技术:是一种在单细胞分辨率下解析组织转录组异质性的高通量技术,其核心优势在于能够精确识别膝关节组织中不同细胞亚群的基因表达特征。该技术可同时检测单个细胞中数千至数万个基因的表达量(检测灵敏度达0.1-1个转录本/细胞),并能鉴定传统测序方法无法区分的稀有细胞类型(如占比<1%的前软骨干细胞)。在膝关节研究中,单细胞RNA测序技术可定量分析软骨、滑膜等组织中各细胞亚群的差异表达基因(如骨关节炎中软骨细胞的Ⅱ型胶原α1表达下调>50%,基质金属蛋白酶13上调3-5倍),并通过拟时序分析揭示细胞状态转变的分子机制。该技术为膝关节疾病的细胞特异性靶点发现提供了单细胞精度的研究手段。#br#
膝关节组织:是由多种异质性细胞群构成的复杂功能单元,主要包括软骨(占关节体积15%-20%)、滑膜(厚度50-100 μm)、半月板(胶原纤维占比>75%)及韧带(Ⅰ型胶原含量>90%)等。在单细胞RNA测序研究中,这些组织可解析出10-30种不同的细胞亚群,如软骨中的肥大软骨细胞、滑膜中的成纤维细胞亚型以及免疫细胞。膝关节组织的细胞组成和基因表达谱直接影响其生理功能及病理进程。单细胞分辨率的研究可精准量化这些细胞群体的分子特征,为膝关节疾病的机制解析提供组织学基础。#br#
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中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
近年来,单细胞RNA测序技术已广泛应用于膝关节组织研究,特别是在骨关节炎、类风湿性关节炎及软骨再生等领域。相较于传统转录组学(如批量RNA测序),单细胞RNA测序技术能够揭示膝关节组织中不同细胞亚群的精确分子特征。目前,该领域的研究热点包括:致病细胞互作网络、疾病机制解析、治疗靶点筛选等。未来多组学整合(如单细胞RNA测序技术+单细胞ATAC测序+蛋白质组)及人工智能驱动的单细胞数据分析将成为趋势,以更精准地解析膝关节疾病的发病机制。本文不同于既往综述,首次基于膝关节解剖结构特点,对不同组织的研究进展进行了分类综述,为阐明膝关节疾病的发病机制提供新的角度,为后续靶向干预策略的制定提供了重要参考,处于该领域的前沿水平。
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中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
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