中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 1508-1515.doi: 10.12307/2026.576

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

糖尿病膀胱病的线粒体机制与干预治疗

吕晓凡1,黄  懿2,丁留成1   

  1. 1南京医科大学第二附属医院,江苏省南京市  210000;2江南大学附属医院,江苏省无锡市  214000

  • 收稿日期:2024-12-06 接受日期:2025-03-14 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2025-07-17
  • 通讯作者: 丁留成,博士,副主任医师,副教授,南京医科大学第二附属医院泌尿外科,江苏省南京市 210000
  • 作者简介:吕晓凡,女,2000年生,山东省东营市人,汉族,南京医科大学第二附属医院在读硕士,主要从事间充质干细胞改善糖尿病膀胱功能研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82200867),项目负责人:黄懿

Mitochondrial mechanism and intervention therapy in diabetic cystopathy

Lyu Xiaofan1, Huang Yi2, Ding Liucheng1   

  1. 1The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2024-12-06 Accepted:2025-03-14 Online:2026-02-28 Published:2025-07-17
  • Contact: Ding Liucheng, MD, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Lyu Xiaofan, Master candidate, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82200867 (to HY)

摘要:


文题释义:
线粒体功能:线粒体作为重要的细胞器,通过氧化磷酸化作用产生ATP,是细胞的“能量站”。线粒体还具有许多其他生物学功能,包括产生活性氧、氧化还原分子和代谢物、参与合成代谢、调节细胞信号转导和细胞死亡等。
糖尿病膀胱病:是糖尿病常见的泌尿系统并发症,临床表现包括膀胱过度活动症、排尿功能障碍和尿潴留等下尿路症状,随着病程进展可分为代偿性和失代偿性两种,具体发病机制尚未明确。

背景:线粒体功能障碍是糖尿病膀胱病发生发展的关键机制。近年研究发现,靶向线粒体代谢、氧化应激及凋亡通路的药物可抑制膀胱组织变性,为糖尿病膀胱病治疗提供了新方向。
目的:探讨线粒体异常与糖尿病膀胱病的关联,总结药物干预线粒体功能的作用机制。
方法:以“线粒体,糖尿病,糖尿病膀胱病,逼尿肌,尿路上皮,周围神经”为中文检索词,“mitochondria, diabetes,diabetic cystopathy,diabetic bladder dysfunction,detrusor,urothelium,neuron,peripheral nerves”为英文检索词,检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science数据库,筛选并分析相关文献。
结果与结论:在糖尿病膀胱病发展过程中,逼尿肌、尿路上皮和外周神经细胞中的线粒体可表现为表征、活性、功能和行为的改变。在糖尿病情况下,线粒体受损,产生更多的活性氧,细胞色素C释放,Bcl-2/Bax比值降低,凋亡诱导因子向细胞核易位增加,聚ADP核糖聚合酶/c-Jun氨基末端激酶/线粒体凋亡通路激活;线粒体还可作为损伤相关分子模式调控NLRP3,激活炎症反应;线粒体能量代谢过程紊乱,AMP活化蛋白激酶/过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α信号轴介导线粒体生物学的表型变化,呼吸链复合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ含量降低,氧化磷酸化受到干扰,三羧酸循坏被抑制,线粒体备用呼吸能力下降。新型药物或制剂能够通过改善氧化应激、抗炎、调节能量传感通路改变线粒体功能,治疗糖尿病膀胱病。尽管线粒体在其他糖尿病并发症中的作用已被广泛研究,但其在糖尿病膀胱病中的相关研究仍显不足,需进一步探索。
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9779-5693(吕晓凡)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 糖尿病膀胱病, 线粒体, 逼尿肌细胞, 尿路上皮细胞, 外周神经细胞, 工程化组织构建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key mechanism underlying the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic cystopathy. Recent studies have suggested that drugs targeting mitochondrial metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis pathways can inhibit bladder tissue degeneration, offering novel therapeutic directions for diabetic cystopathy.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between mitochondrial abnormalities and diabetic cystopathy and to summarize the mechanisms of pharmacological interventions targeting mitochondrial function.
METHODS: The key words are “mitochondria, diabetes, diabetic cystopathy, diabetic bladder dysfunction, detrusor, urothelium, neuron, peripheral nerves” in Chinese and English. Relevant literature was retrieved from CNKI, WanFang, PubMed, and Web of Science. Selected articles were systematically screened and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the progression of diabetic cystopathy, mitochondria in detrusor muscle, urothelium, and peripheral nerve cells exhibit alterations in characterization, activity, function, and behavior. Under diabetic conditions, mitochondrial damage leads to increased reactive oxygen species production, increased cytochrome C release, reduced Bcl-2/Bax ratio, enhanced nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factors, and activation of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase/mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Mitochondria also act as damage-associated molecular patterns to regulate NLRP3, triggering inflammatory responses. Disrupted mitochondrial energy metabolism involves AMP-activated protein kinase/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α signaling axis-mediated phenotypic changes, decreased levels of respiratory chain complexes I, II, and IV, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, inhibited tricarboxylic acid cycle, and reduced mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity. Novel therapeutic agents or formulations can ameliorate diabetic cystopathy by alleviating oxidative stress, exerting anti-inflammatory effects, and modulating energy-sensing pathways to restore mitochondrial function. Although mitochondrial roles in other diabetic complications have been extensively studied, research on their involvement in diabetic cystopathy remains insufficient and warrants further exploration.

Key words: diabetic cystopathy, mitochondria, detrusor cells, urothelial cells, peripheral nerve cells, engineered tissue construction 

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