中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 153-162.doi: 10.12307/2025.572

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

牙髓干细胞及衍生产物在牙髓再生中的应用与进展

徐海超,罗丽花,潘乙怀   

  1. 温州医科大学口腔医学院附属口腔医院,浙江省温州市   325000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-18 接受日期:2025-01-17 出版日期:2026-01-08 发布日期:2025-07-02
  • 通讯作者: 潘乙怀,博士,教授,博士研究生导师,温州医科大学口腔医学院附属口腔医院,浙江省温州市 325000; 共同通讯作者:罗丽花,博士,副研究员,硕士研究生导师,温州医科大学口腔医学院附属口腔医院,浙江省温州市 325000
  • 作者简介:徐海超,男,2002年生,浙江省台州市人,汉族,温州医科大学口腔专业在读学士,主要从事牙髓干细胞及其临床转化研究。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGF21H140007),项目负责人:罗丽花

Application and progress of dental pulp stem cells and their derivatives in dental pulp regeneration

Xu Haichao, Luo Lihua, Pan Yihuai   

  1. School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Received:2024-11-18 Accepted:2025-01-17 Online:2026-01-08 Published:2025-07-02
  • Contact: Pan Yihuai, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China; Co-corresponding author: Luo Lihua, PhD, Associate researcher, Master's supervisor, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
  • About author:Xu Haichao, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Zhejiang Provincial Basic Public Welfare Research Project, No. LGF21H140007 (to LLH)

摘要:

文题释义:

牙髓干细胞:是一种来源于成人正畸牙、埋伏牙以及第三磨牙等牙髓组织的牙源性间充质干细胞,具有易获取、无伦理问题等优点。同时,牙髓干细胞具有自我更新和多向分化潜能,短期内可大量增殖,并能够定向分化为多种不同类型的细胞,包括成牙本质细胞、血管内皮细胞和成神经细胞等,被广泛应用于牙髓组织工程再生领域。
牙髓再生:
是指在移除炎症或坏死的牙髓组织后,利用特定的治疗方法包括干细胞、生物活性因子及生物支架材料等,促使新的牙髓组织生长,从而恢复牙齿的正常生理功能和维持原有的生命活力。牙髓再生是牙髓治疗和再生牙科学的一个重要分支,尤其适用于年轻患者的受损或发育不全的牙齿。

摘要
背景:
牙髓干细胞是一类源自牙髓组织的牙源性间充质干细胞,具有良好的自我更新和多向分化潜力。近年来,牙髓干细胞及其衍生产物包括细胞外囊泡、条件培养液以及脱细胞基质等,在牙髓组织损伤修复再生中的应用研究取得了显著进展,显示出广阔的临床应用前景。 
目的:
系统综述牙髓干细胞及其衍生产物在牙髓组织工程中的研究成果和应用进展。
方法:
检索PubMed数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网,以“牙髓干细胞,细胞外囊泡,外泌体,凋亡小体,条件培养液,脱细胞基质,再生”为中文检索词,以“dental pulp stem cells,extracellular vesicles,exosomes,apoptotic bodies,conditioned medium,decellularized matrix,regeneration”为英文检索词进行检索,检索时限为2005年1月至2023年6月。根据文题和摘要对初检文献进行筛选,排除重复文献和与主题不相关的文献,最终纳入103篇与牙髓再生高度相关的文献进行综述分析。
结果与结论:
牙髓干细胞及其衍生产物富含多种生物活性因子,能够有效促进成牙本质、成血管和成神经分化,在牙髓-牙本质复合体的形成过程中展现出巨大的应用潜力。然而,牙髓干细胞及其衍生产物在临床应用转化中仍面临挑战,未来的研究应着重于优化制备流程、明确作用机制和完善安全性评价,为推动临床牙髓损伤修复提供新的治疗策略。

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1693-3868 (徐海超) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 牙髓干细胞, 细胞外囊泡, 条件培养液, 脱细胞基质, 牙髓再生, 组织工程, 工程化干细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Dental pulp stem cells, which derived from the dental pulp tissue, are one type of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells, possess significant properties of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation. In recent years, series of researches focus on dental pulp stem cells and their derivatives such as extracellular vesicles, conditioned medium, and decellularized extracellular matrix, those have positive effects on the repair and regeneration of pulp tissue injury, showing an attractive clinical application.  
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the researches and applications of dental pulp stem cells and their derivatives in dental pulp tissue engineering.  
METHODS: Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, China Biology Medicine (CBM), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases for articles published from January 2005 to June 2023. The search terms included “dental pulp stem cells, extracellular vesicles, exosomes, apoptotic bodies, conditioned medium, decellularized matrix, regeneration” in Chinese and English. After screening the titles and abstracts, duplicate and irrelevant studies were excluded. Finally, 103 studies closely related to dental pulp regeneration were included for review and analysis.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Dental pulp stem cells and their derivatives are rich in lots of bioactive factors that can effectively promote odontogenic, angiogenic, and neurogenic differentiation, exhibiting significant potential in the formation of the pulp-dentin complex. However, the clinical translation of dental pulp stem cells and their derivatives still faces several challenges. Future researches should focus on optimizing preparation protocols, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of action, and refining safety assessments to provide novel therapeutic strategies for the repair of dental pulp injury.

Key words: dental pulp stem cell, extracellular vesicle, conditioned medium, decellularized matrix, dental pulp regeneration, tissue engineering, engineered stem cell

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