中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (30): 6482-6488.doi: 10.12307/2025.964

• 组织构建细胞学实验 cytology experiments in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

核桃油和花生油对动脉粥样硬化的改善作用

胡淑娟1，刘  当2，丁一庭2，刘  璇1，夏若寒2，汪献旺2   

  1. 长江大学，1教育与体育学院，2医学部，湖北省荆州市  423000
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-23 接受日期:2024-12-18 出版日期:2025-10-28 发布日期:2025-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 汪献旺，博士，教授，长江大学医学部，湖北省荆州市 423000
  • 作者简介:胡淑娟，女，1987年生，湖南省郴州市人，汉族，博士，副教授，主要从事运动与健康促进方面的研究。 共同第一作者：刘当，男，1993年生，湖北省汉川市人，汉族，硕士，主要从事医学检验方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81974115)，项目负责人：夏若寒；山南市本级科技计划项目(SNSBJKJJHXM2024023)，项目负责人：汪献旺；长江大学大学生创新创业训练计划(Yz2023165)，指导老师：胡淑娟

Ameliorative effect of walnut oil and peanut oil on atherosclerosis

Hu Shujuan1, Liu Dang2, Ding Yiting2, Liu Xuan1, Xia Ruohan2, Wang Xianwang2   

  1. 1School of Education and Physical Education, 2Department of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 423000, Hubei Province, China 
  • Received:2024-10-23 Accepted:2024-12-18 Online:2025-10-28 Published:2025-03-28
  • Contact: Wang Xianwang, PhD, Professor, Department of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 423000, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Hu Shujuan, PhD, Associate professor, School of Education and Physical Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 423000, Hubei Province, China Liu Dang, MS, Department of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 423000, Hubei Province, China Hu Shujuan and Liu Dang contributed equally to this article.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81974115 (to XRH); Shannan City Level Science and Technology Plan Project, No. SNSBJKJJHXM2024023 (to WXW); Yangtze University College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program, No. Yz2023165 (to HSJ) 

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摘要：


文题释义：
动脉粥样硬化：主要为脂质、炎症细胞、纤维组织及血管内钙化的累积，是发生冠心病、脑梗死以及外周血管病的主要原因之一。
核因子κB/NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3信号：是发生血管炎症反应的关键信号通路，该通路的激活会引发内皮功能障碍，促进氧化应激，从而加快动脉粥样硬化的炎症进程。

背景：核因子κB/NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3信号的激活会导致内皮功能障碍、氧化应激等，在引发脂质代谢紊乱以及动脉硬化中起着关键作用，目前核桃油和花生油对动脉硬化大鼠骨骼肌炎症因子的影响仍不清楚。
目的：探讨核桃油和花生油对动脉粥样硬化的改善效果及其作用机制。
方法：40只8周龄雄性SD大鼠，适应性喂养1周后，随机分为正常对照组(n=10)和高脂组(n=30)。采用高脂饮食结合腹腔注射维生素D3建立动脉粥样硬化大鼠模型，将建模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组(n=10)、花生油组(n=8)和核桃油组(n=8)，后2组连续灌胃4周花生油或核桃油[5 d/周，1.2 g/(kg·d)]。干预结束后，采用ELISA法检测大鼠血脂相关指标，苏木精-伊红染色观察大鼠主动脉形态学改变，RT-qPCR、Western blot检测骨骼肌中核因子κB、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3、半胱氨酸蛋白酶1、白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素18 mRNA表达水平及核因子κB、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3、白细胞介素1β蛋白表达水平，免疫荧光染色检测核因子κB和NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3的表达。
结果与结论：①与正常对照组相比，模型组大鼠主动脉血管壁增厚，破损、脂质沉淀现象较为严重，血脂水平和动脉硬化指数显著上升(P < 0.01)，骨骼肌中的核因子κB、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3、半胱氨酸蛋白酶1、白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素18 mRNA表达以及核因子κB、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3、白细胞介素1β蛋白表达显著增加(P < 0.01)；②与模型组相比，花生油组和核桃油组主动脉组织易损面积明显减少，血清中总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平以及动脉硬化指数显著下降(P < 0.01)，骨骼肌中核因子κB、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3、半胱氨酸蛋白酶1、白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素18 mRNA表达以及核因子κB、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3、白细胞介素1β蛋白表达均显著降低(P < 0.01或P < 0.05)；③与花生油组相比，核桃油组血清中总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著降低(P < 0.01或P < 0.05)，骨骼肌中核因子κB、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3、半胱氨酸蛋白酶1、白细胞介素18 mRNA表达以及核因子κB、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3、白细胞介素1β蛋白表达下降更显著(P < 0.01或P < 0.05)。结果表明：花生油和核桃油对动脉粥样硬化主动脉病变均有改善作用，可能与核因子κB/NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3信号通路有关，且核桃油的改善作用优于花生油。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-9080(胡淑娟)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

关键词: 核桃油, 花生油, 动脉粥样硬化, 大鼠, 信号通路, 骨骼肌, 炎症因子, 工程化组织构建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Activation of nuclear factor-κB/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling leads to endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and plays a key role in the initiation of lipid metabolism disorders and arteriosclerosis. However, currenty, the effect of walnut oil and peanut oil on skeletal muscle inflammatory factors in arteriosclerotic rats remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effect and mechanism of walnut oil and peanut oil on atherosclerosis.
METHODS: Forty 8-week-old SD male rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=10) and high fat group (n=30) after 1 week of adaptive feeding. The atherosclerosis model was established by high-fat diet combined with vitamin D3 injection. The rats with successful modeling were randomly divided into model group (n=10), peanut oil group (n=8) and walnut oil group (n=8). The latter two groups were gavaged with peanut oil or walnut oil for 4 weeks (5 days/week, 1.2 g/kg per day). After the intervention, ELISA was used to detect the related indexes of blood lipids in rats. The morphological changes of aorta were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The RT-qPCR and western blot assay were used to detect nuclear factor-κB, NLRP3, Caspase-1, interleukin-1β, interleukin-18 mRNA and nuclear factor-κB, NLRP3, interleukin-1β protein expression levels in skeletal muscle. The protein expressions of nuclear factor-κB and NLRP3 were detected by immunofluorescence immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the normal control group, the aortic wall of rats in the model group was thickened, the damage and lipid precipitation were more serious, the blood lipid levels and arteriosclerosis index were significantly increased (P < 0.01). The mRNA levels of nuclear factor-κB, NLRP3, Caspase-1, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-18, and the protein expressions of nuclear factor-κB, NLRP3, and interleukin-1β in skeletal muscle were significantly increased (P < 0.01). (2) Compared with model group, the vulnerable area of aortic tissue in peanut oil group and walnut oil group was significantly reduced, the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum, and atherosclerosis index were decreased (P < 0.01), and the mRNA expressions of nuclear factor-κB, NLRP3, Caspase-1, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-18 and the protein expressions of nuclear factor-κB, NLRP3, and interleukin-1β in skeletal muscle were significantly decreased (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). (3) Compared with peanut oil group, the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in walnut oil group were significantly decreased (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), and the mRNA levels of nuclear factor-κB, NLRP3, Caspase-1, interleukin-18, and the protein levels of nuclear factor-κB, NLRP3, interleukin-1β decreased significantly in skeletal muscle (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). It is concluded that both peanut oil and walnut oil have ameliorative effect on atherosclerotic damage, which may be related to nuclear factor-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway, and walnut oil has better ameliorative effect than peanut oil. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: walnut oil, peanut oil, atherosclerosis, rat, signaling pathway, skeletal muscle, inflammatory factor, engineered tissue construction

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