中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 574-580.doi: 10.12307/2023.896

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白与运动、高脂肪/高盐饮食和衰老的关系

王士杰,文登台,王京峰,高颖晖   

  1. 鲁东大学体育学院,山东省烟台市  264025
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-26 接受日期:2023-01-19 出版日期:2024-02-08 发布日期:2023-07-14
  • 通讯作者: 文登台,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师,鲁东大学体育学院,山东省烟台市 264025
  • 作者简介:王士杰,男,1997年生,山东省烟台市人,汉族,鲁东大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事体育教育训练学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32000832),项目负责人:文登台;山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QC096),项目负责人:文登台

Mammalian target of rapamycin in relation to exercise, high fat/high salt diet, and aging

Wang Shijie, Wen Dengtai, Wang Jingfeng, Gao Yinghui   

  1. School of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2022-12-26 Accepted:2023-01-19 Online:2024-02-08 Published:2023-07-14
  • Contact: Wen Dengtai, MD, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, School of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Wang Shijie, Master candidate, School of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 32000832 (to WDT); Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, No. ZR2020QC096 (to WDT)

摘要:


文题释义:

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTor):mTor复合物是细胞生长和代谢的中央调节剂,它整合了来自氨基酸、营养素和细胞外信号的输入,通过对这些信息进行整合加工mTor可以进一步调节下游信息最终实现生理效应,如影响细胞生长和器官发育。mTor与Tor同源,通过对诸多文献进行分析,发现包含酵母在内的多个非哺乳动物的真核生物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(target of rapamycin,Tor)也可以统称为mTor。
mTor复合物(mTorC1、mTorC2):两种蛋白质复合物 mTorC1和mTorC2均包含mTor,这两种蛋白质复合物从酵母到人类在进化上是保守的。mTorC1是临床上重要的药物雷帕霉素的直接靶点,雷帕霉素变构抑制 mTorC1,而它仅间接抑制 mTorC2。mTorC1 和 mTorC2 的活性对于维持代谢稳态、预防疾病和延长健康寿命是必要的。


背景:衰老是一个不可逆的过程,其特征与基因、饮食和环境有关。哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTor)作为生长发育的中心调节剂对衰老、运动及不良饮食导致的负面影响具有调节作用,这些作用与mTor及其复合物的活性相互关联。然而各因素间的相互联系仍不十分清楚,如mTor、运动对衰老的影响。

目的:拟通过研究运动、高脂/高盐饮食和mTor在衰老中的关系,从而对衰老的防治机制有更加全面的认识。
方法:①文献资料法,通过在CNKI及Web of Science核心合集数据库中进行检索,围绕“mTor基因(mammalian target of rapamycin/mTor)、运动(exercise)、高脂肪/高盐饮食(high-fat diet/high-salt diet)及衰老(aging)” 等关键词进行关键词的组合搜索,对相关文献进行检索、查阅和筛选,为文章提供理论支撑。②对比分析法,通过对所得到的有效文献进行仔细阅读,比较各文献间的差异,为文章论点提供理论基础。③通过对比分析文献间的异同点,明确各指标的定义及关系,从而理清文章思路。

结果与结论:mTor与衰老密切相关,通过分析文献,认为mTor的2个复合物mTorC1和mTorC2在衰老、运动和骨骼肌的生长发育中起着重要作用。此外,mTor介导的S6K1、Akt、FOXO和4E-BP1信号通路与运动、高脂饮食、高盐饮食和骨骼肌/心脏衰老密切相关。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8969-9027(王士杰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 老龄化, mTor, 肌肉, 心脏, 高脂肪/高盐饮食, 运动

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Aging is an irreversible process that is characterized by genes, diet and environment. As a central regulator of growth and development, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTor) can regulate the negative effects caused by aging, exercise and poor diet, which are correlated with the activity of mTor and its complexes. However, the relationship between these factors, such as mTor and the effect of exercise on aging, is still unclear. 
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between exercise, high fat/high salt diet and mTor in aging, so as to have a more comprehensive understanding of the prevention and treatment mechanism of aging. 
METHODS: (1) Literature retrieval was conducted in the core database of Web of Science and CNKI, using the keywords of “mTor gene, exercise, high fat/high salt diet, aging,” thereby providing theoretical support for this review. (2) Comparative analysis provided a theoretical basis for this thesis by carefully reading the obtained effective literature and comparing the differences among various literatures. (3) Through the comparative analysis of similarities and differences between the included articles, we could define each index and their relationship, so as to clarify the ideas of this review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: mTor is closely related to aging. Through the literature analysis, we believe that two complexes of mTor, mTorC1 and mTorC2, play important roles in aging, exercise and skeletal muscle growth and development. In addition, mTor-mediated S6K1, Akt, FOXO, and 4E-BP1 signaling pathways are strongly associated with exercise, high-fat diet, high-salt diet, and skeletal muscle/heart aging.

Key words: aging, mTor, muscle, heart, high-fat/salt diet, exercise

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