中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (23): 3755-3762.doi: 10.12307/2023.582

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

呼出气冷凝液标本用于检测运动时气道的健康状况

彭梦竹1,杨贤罡2,邢丽丽3,李国俊3   

  1. 1河北师范大学体育学院,河北省石家庄市  050024;2河北省体育局自行车运动中心,河北省秦皇岛市  066000;3河北省体育科学研究所,河北省石家庄市  050000
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-01 接受日期:2022-10-27 出版日期:2023-08-18 发布日期:2023-01-16
  • 通讯作者: 杨贤罡,博士,研究员,河北省体育局自行车运动中心,河北省秦皇岛市 066000
  • 作者简介:彭梦竹,女,1997年生,河北省保定市人,汉族,河北师范大学在读硕士,主要从事竞技体育生理生化监控研究。
  • 基金资助:
    “科技冬奥”国家重点研发计划课题《冬季项目重点运动员生理生化监控关键技术研究》(2019YFF0301602),项目参与人:杨贤罡、邢丽丽、李国俊

Exhaled breath condensate specimens for testing airway health during exercise

Peng Mengzhu1, Yang Xiangang2, Xing Lili3, Li Guojun3   

  1. 1Physical Education College of Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China; 2Bicycle Sports Center of Hebei Sports Bureau, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei Province, China; 3Hebei Institute of Sports Science, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2022-09-01 Accepted:2022-10-27 Online:2023-08-18 Published:2023-01-16
  • Contact: Yang Xiangang, PhD, Researcher, Bicycle Sports Center of Hebei Sports Bureau, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Peng Mengzhu, Master candidate, Physical Education College of Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Plan for High-tech Olympics, No. 2019YFF0301602 (to YXG, XLL, LGJ [project participants])

摘要:

文题释义:

呼出气冷凝液(exhaled breath concentration,EBC):是通过冷却管呼出空气时冷凝的液体,可以识别生物标志物的基质,含有水分、代谢物以及各种介质,其中的非挥发性物质来源于气道内衬液,挥发性物质来自于通过气相扩散进入EBC中的反应产物。
运动性支气管狭窄(exercise induced bronchoconstriction,EIB):由体育锻炼引起的气道暂时性狭窄。

背景:运动是造成气道高水平氧化应激的重要诱因,精英运动员运动性哮喘和运动性支气管狭窄的发生与气道炎症有关。在运动和运动医学中,准确监测各种心理生理应激后的体内平衡扰动是必不可少的,探索非侵入性收集和分析生物标记物的方法,能够提供关于运动诱发的生理和心理应激的准确信息,显然具有重要的现实意义。
目的:梳理总结使用呼出气冷凝液检测识别气道在激烈运动、比赛、过度训练时氧化应激水平、炎症反应程度及酸碱度的变化特征。
方法:以“呼出气冷凝液,运动”“气道,氧化应激”“气道,炎症反应”“运动性支气管狭窄”“运动性哮喘”“exhaled breath condensate,exercise”“airway inflammation”“airway oxidative stress”“exercise-induced bronchoconstriction,EIB”“exercise-induced asthma,EIA”等关键词,在中国知网、百度学术、PubMed 等数据库,检索1980年6月至2022年9月国内外有关检测健康人和呼吸系统疾病患者运动时气道健康状况的呼出气冷凝液中生物标志物应用的相关文献,进行梳理和总结,为构建运动人群气道健康的无创、便捷监控手段和保障奠定前期基础。

结果与结论:①适度运动会升高不同人群呼出气冷凝液pH值,而重复剧烈运动可导致气道的酸化,运动导致呼出气冷凝液中促氧化剂水平的升高,且持续时间和强度与促氧化剂的生成有关。②特定环境(污染、低温、干燥和高原)下运动会升高气道的氧化应激水平和炎症程度。呼出气冷凝液中的细胞因子、炎症递质的升高和气道酸碱度的急性变化与运动性支气管狭窄的发生相关联。③鉴于临床上呼出气冷凝液技术在采样、处理、储存和数据分析方面存在的标准化问题,运动科学领域对这一技术的应用在标准化收集过程和处理过程及确定敏感检测指标时应建立与运动负荷和应激水平相对应的评价标准。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4767-7644(彭梦竹)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 呼出气冷凝液, 运动, 气道, 氧化应激, 气道, 炎症反应, 运动性支气管狭窄, 运动性哮喘

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise is an important trigger of the high level of oxidative stress in the airway. In elite athletes, sports asthma and exercise-induced bronchial stenosis are related to airway inflammation. Accurate monitoring of homeostatic perturbations following various psychophysiological stressors is essential in sports and exercise medicine. It is of great practical importance to explore non-invasive methods of collecting and analyzing biomarkers that are capable of providing accurate information regarding exercise-induced physiological and psychological stress. 
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the characteristics of oxidative stress, inflammatory response and acid-base changes in the airway detected by exhaled breath condensate detection during intense exercise, competition and overtraining.
METHODS: CNKI, Baidu Scholar, and PubMed were retrieved for relevant literature on the application of biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate for detecting the airway health status of healthy people and patients with respiratory diseases during exercise at home and abroad from June 1980 to September 2022 using the keywords of “exhaled breath condensate, exercise,” “airway inflammation” “airway oxidative stress,” “exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, EIB,” “exercise-induced asthma, EIA.” Retrieved literature was summarized to lay a preliminary foundation for constructing non-invasive and convenient monitoring means and guarantee of airway health in exercise population.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Moderate exercise increases the pH value of exhaled breath condensate in different populations, while repeated strenuous exercise can lead to airway acidification. Exercise increases the levels of pro-oxidants in exhaled breath condensate, and the duration and intensity are related to the generation of pro-oxidants. Exercise under special environmental conditions (pollution, cold, dehydration and altitude) exacerbates oxidative stress levels and inflammation degree in the airway. Elevated cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and acute changes in airway pH in exhaled breath condensate are associated with the development of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. In view of the clinical standardization of specimen collection, processing, storage and data analysis, the application of exhaled breath condensate technique in the field of sports science should standardize the collection and processing process, determine sensitive biomarkers and establish evaluation criteria corresponding to exercise load and stress level.

Key words: exhaled breath condensate, exercise, airway, oxidative stress, airway, inflammatory response, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, exercise-induced asthma

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