中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (18): 2797-2803.doi: 10.12307/2023.380

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

新型高度可调颈椎融合器的三维有限元分析

黄定安1,刘  晨2   

  1. 1黄山市人民医院脊柱外科,安徽省黄山市   245000;2皖南医学院第一附属医院脊柱外科,安徽省芜湖市   241001
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-05 接受日期:2022-07-07 出版日期:2023-06-28 发布日期:2022-09-14
  • 通讯作者: 刘晨,博士,副教授,皖南医学院第一附属医院脊柱外科,安徽省芜湖市 241001
  • 作者简介:黄定安,男,1980年生,安徽省歙县人,汉族,硕士,副主任医师,皖南医学院兼职副教授,主要从事脊柱外科方向研究。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省重点研究与开发计划国际科技合作专项(202004b11020027),项目负责人:刘晨

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of a new height adjustable cervical fusion cage

Huang Dingan1, Liu Chen2   

  1. 1Department of Spine Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Huangshan City, Huangshan 245000, Anhui Province, China; 2Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2022-05-05 Accepted:2022-07-07 Online:2023-06-28 Published:2022-09-14
  • Contact: Liu Chen, MD, Associate professor, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Huang Dingan, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Huangshan City, Huangshan 245000, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    International Science and Technology Cooperation Special Project of Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Program, No. 202004b11020027 (to LC)

摘要:

文题释义:
可调颈椎融合器:经研发设计的一种新型高度可调式颈椎融合器结构,在植入颈椎责任节段间时,通过螺丝刀对准融合器扭槽旋转可调节融合器高度(可调节的融合器高度范围为6-9 mm),来满足不同患者颈椎椎间空隙的安装要求,以便实现与椎体上下终板贴合的需求。
颈椎生物力学:采用有限元方法对颈椎结构开展生物力学理论测试研究,着重定性定量研究新型高度可调式颈椎融合器在植入后的不同融合高度下各结构应力强度、稳定性、椎间相对活动度等变化,通过对比分析前屈、后伸、左右侧弯、左右旋转状态下的生物力学特性变化规律,借助理论研究方法给实际临床工作提供一定的指导建议。

背景:颈前路减压手术的核心是解除脊髓和神经的压迫,恢复椎间高度及颈椎的生理曲度。但是目前临床上所应用的融合器无法满足个体化需求,可能导致融合节段终板破坏,融合器下沉或移位。作者设计一种高度可调颈椎融合器,植入椎间隙可达到与椎间隙上下终板贴合。
目的:通过三维有限元分析法评价新型颈椎高度可调椎间融合器的力学特点,为临床应用和进一步改进提供相应理论依据。
方法:建立颈椎前路椎间盘切除减压融合内固定的三维有限元模型,分为正常组、融合器植入高度较低组、融合器植入高度适中组和融合器植入高度较高组进行重建,并在前屈、后伸、左右侧屈及左右旋转6个工况下,施加50 N预载荷以及1.0 N·m的运动附加弯矩,观察相应的椎体Von Mises应力峰值、融合器Von Mises应力峰值、椎间盘应力及椎体活动度情况。
结果与结论:①融合器植入高度适中组对应的融合器Von Mises应力峰值和C3-C7椎体Von Mises应力峰值低于融合器植入高度较低组和融合器植入高度较高组;②植入不同高度融合器后C4/5椎间盘应力差异较为明显;③融合器植入高度较高组C3-C7整体椎间相对活动度降幅最大,融合器植入高度适中组次之,融合器植入高度较低组整体椎间活动度降幅最小;④提示融合器植入高度适中可使颈椎达到即刻稳定,同时对融合器及颈椎椎体应力最小,从而有效避免颈椎融合器下沉。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8924-0582 (刘晨) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 三维有限元分析, 颈椎融合器, 高度可调, 应力集中, 生物力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The core of anterior decompression is to relieve the compression of spinal cord and nerve and restore the intervertebral height and physiological curvature of cervical spine. However, the cage currently used in the clinic cannot satisfy the individualized needs, resulting in the destruction of the endplate of the fusion segment and the subsidence or displacement of the cage. In this study, a height adjustable cervical fusion cage was designed, which can be implanted into the intervertebral space to fit with the upper and lower end plates of the intervertebral space.  
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mechanical characteristics of the new height adjustable cervical fusion cage by three-dimensional finite element analysis, and to provide corresponding theoretical basis for clinical application and further improvement.
METHODS:  The three-dimensional finite element models of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion were established and the models were divided into normal group, lower cage implantation height group, moderate cage implantation height group and higher cage implantation height group. 50 N preload and 1.0 N·M motion additional bending moment were applied under six working conditions of flexion and extension, left and right lateral flexion and left and right rotation. The corresponding peak Von Mises stress of vertebral body, peak Von Mises stress of cage, intervertebral disc stress and C3-C7 vertebral motion range were observed.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The peak Von Mises stress of fusion cage and the peak Von Mises stress of C3-C7 vertebral body in the group with moderate cage implantation height were lower than those in the group with lower cage implantation height and the group with higher cage implantation height. (2) The stress difference of C4/5 intervertebral disc was obvious after implantation of different height cages. (3) The overall intervertebral relative activity of C3-C7 decreased the most in the higher cage implantation height group, followed by the moderate cage implantation height group, and the overall intervertebral activity decreased least in the lower cage implantation height group. (4) It is suggested that the appropriate implantation height of the cage can make the cervical spine achieve immediate stability, and minimize the stress on the cage and cervical vertebra, so as to effectively avoid the cervical cage subsidence.

Key words: three-dimensional finite element analysis, cervical cage, height adjustable, stress concentration, biomechanics

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