中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (33): 5350-5356.doi: 10.12307/2022.808

• 骨科植入物相关基础实验 Basic experiments of orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

苗药九仙罗汉接骨汤干预胫骨骨折模型大鼠的成骨分化及骨折愈合

李  义,杨彦君,彭松云,程志刚,钟  凯,殷天坪,唐良华   

  1. 贵州中医药大学第二附属医院骨二科,贵州省贵阳市   550001
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-02 接受日期:2021-06-09 出版日期:2022-11-28 发布日期:2022-03-31
  • 通讯作者: 唐良华,1972年生,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,贵州中医药大学第二附属医院骨二科,贵州省贵阳市 550001
  • 作者简介:李义,男,1987年生,贵州省金沙县人,汉族,2016年贵州中医药大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事中西医结合治疗骨与关节病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科学技术厅科技核心计划项目 (黔科合LH字[2015]7257号),项目负责人:唐良华

Effect of Miao medicine Jiuxian Luohan Jiegu Decoction on osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing in tibial fracture rats

Li Yi, Yang Yanjun, Peng Songyun, Cheng Zhigang, Zhong Kai, Yin Tianping, Tang Lianghua   

  1. Second Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2021-03-02 Accepted:2021-06-09 Online:2022-11-28 Published:2022-03-31
  • Contact: Tang Lianghua, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Second Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Li Yi, Master, Physician, Second Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Core Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Science and Technology, No. LH [2015]7257 (to TLH)

摘要:

文题释义:
骨折愈合:过程复杂连续,由多细胞协同完成。骨折愈合的基本过程包括3个阶段:第一、血肿机化演进期,时间段大约是在骨折之后2周,骨折之后断端会形成血肿,在机体的作用下会使血肿机化,形成纤维性连接,可以获得初步稳定;第二、原始骨痂形成期,这个时期持续的时间从6-12周不等,在这一时期骨折在成骨细胞的作用下,会使骨痂逐渐生长,并获得骨性愈合;第三、骨痂塑形改造期,持续时间从半年到两年不等,在这一阶段通过骨折处受力的影响,使受力处逐渐加强,不受力处骨痂逐渐吸收。
骨形态发生蛋白2:又称骨形成蛋白,是一组具有类似结构的高度保守的功能蛋白,属于转化生长因子β家族。骨形态发生蛋白能刺激DNA的合成和细胞的复制,从而促进间充质细胞定向分化为成骨细胞。它还是体内诱导骨和软骨形成的主要因子,并在肢体生长、软骨内骨化、骨折早期、软骨修复时表达,对骨骼的胚胎发育和再生修复起重要作用。

背景:九仙罗汉接骨汤具有活血散瘀、接骨消肿、止痛的作用,但目前其对胫骨骨折的具体作用机制尚未完全掌握。
目的:探究苗药九仙罗汉接骨汤介导BMPs/Smad信号通路对胫骨骨折大鼠成骨分化及骨折愈合能力的影响。
方法:60只SD大鼠随机分为模型组、苗药组、三七组,采用改良钻孔法建立不完全性胫骨骨折模型。造模成功当天,苗药组给予苗药九仙罗汉接骨汤煎剂(2 mL/kg)灌胃;三七组给予同体积三七粉液(1 mL/kg)灌胃;模型组给予同等计量蒸馏水灌胃,1次/d,共28 d。28 d后麻醉下取大鼠胫骨组织,茜素红染色测骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化;三点弯曲试验测胫骨生物力学指标;苏木精-伊红染色测骨组织形态;ELISA检测血清中血管内皮生长因子、胰岛素样生长因子1表达水平;RT-PCR和Western blot检测骨形态发生蛋白 2、转化生长因子β、Smad1、Smad2的mRNA和蛋白水平;实验已经过贵州中医药大学第二附属医院动物伦理委员会批准(2018-072)。
结果与结论:①与模型组比较,苗药组与三七组骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化后细胞多层重叠生长且形成灶状,有大量的钙结节形成,且苗药组较三七组效果更佳;②与模型组相比,三七组与苗药组骨形态发生蛋白 2、转化生长因子β 、Smad1、Smad2的mRNA和蛋白水平均有所上升(P < 0.05);③三七组与苗药组最大载荷、刚度水平较模型组均有所升高(P < 0.05);④模型组骨小梁较细,髓腔间空隙大,杂乱无章,较为松散,有大量的未钙化软骨细胞;三七组与苗药组大鼠骨组织形态较为接近,均表现为骨小梁较粗,髓腔空隙减小,分布较为有序,软骨细胞骨化较多;⑤与模型组相比,三七组与苗药组血管内皮生长因子、胰岛素样生长因子1表达水平有一定程度的提升(P < 0.05);⑥模型组大鼠存在明显骨折线,三七组与苗药组标本骨折断端均达到完全愈合,但与三七组相比,苗药组标本骨折断端骨痂密度稍高;⑦结果说明,苗药九仙罗汉接骨汤可促进成骨细胞分化,加速骨折愈合,其作用机制可能是通过激活BMPs/Smad信号通路来实现。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6836-188X (李义) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 苗药九仙罗汉接骨汤, BMPs/Smad信号通路, 成骨分化, 骨折愈合

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Jiuxian Luohan Jiegu Decoction can promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis, reduce swelling, and relieve pain. However, its specific mechanism underlying tibial fractures has not yet been fully elucidated.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Miao medicine Jiuxian Luohan Jiegu Decoction on the osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing ability of rats with tibial fractures mediated by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)/Smad signaling pathway. 
METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a fracture group, a Miao medicine group, and a Panax notoginseng group. The Miao medicine group was given Jiuxian Luohan Jiegu Decoction (2 mL/kg) by gavage; the Panax notoginseng group was given the same volume of panax notoginseng powder      (1 mL/kg) by gavage; and the model group was given the same amount of distilled water by gavage, once a day, for 28 days in total. Alizarin red staining was used to measure osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. RT-PCR and western blot were used to measure BMP-2, transforming growth factor-β, Smad1, and Smad2 at mRNA and protein levels. Three-point bending test was used to measure biomechanical indexes. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to detect bone tissue morphology. ELISA was used to measure serum vascular endothelial growth factor and insulin growth factor-1. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the model group, the differentiated cells of the Miao medicine group and the Panax notoginseng group grew in multiple layers and formed focal shapes, and a large number of calcium nodules were formed. The Miao medicine group showed better effects than the Panax notoginseng group. (2) Compared with the model group, the mRNA levels of BMP-2, transforming growth factor-β, Smad1, and Smad2 were increased in the Panax notoginseng group and the Miao medicine group increased (P < 0.05). (3) The maximum load and stiffness of the panax notoginseng group and the Miao medicine group were higher than those of the model group (P < 0.05). (4) The bone trabeculae of the model group were thin, arranged disorderly, and relatively loosely, the space between the medullary cavities was large, and a large number of uncalcified chondrocytes appeared. Similar bone tissue morphology was found in the Panax notoginseng group and the Miao medicine group is similar, in which the bone trabecula was thicker, the medullary cavity space was reduced, the distribution was more orderly, and the chondrocytes were more ossified compared with those in the model group. (5) Compared with the model group, the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and insulin growth factor-1 in the Panax notoginseng group and the Miao medicine group increased to a certain extent (P < 0.05). (6) Radiological observations showed that there were obvious fracture lines in the model group, while the fractured ends of the samples in the Panax notoginseng group and the Miao medicine group reached complete healing. However, the scab density at fractured ends of the Miao medicine group was slightly higher than that of the Panax notoginseng group. (7) To conclude, Miao medicine (Jiuxian Luohan Jiegu Decoction) can promote osteoblast differentiation and accelerate fracture healing. Its mechanism of action may be achieved by activating the BMPs/Smad signaling pathway.

Key words: Miao Medicine Jiuxian Luohan Jiegu Decoction, BMPs/Smad signaling pathway, osteogenic differentiation, fracture healing

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