中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (22): 3592-3597.doi: 10.12307/2022.290

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

椎间融合器材料:临床应用的优势与关注热点

金贺荣1,崔敬斌1,邵  苍2   

  1. 1燕山大学机械工程学院,河北省秦皇岛市  066004;2河北瑞鹤医疗器械有限公司,河北省石家庄市  050000
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-29 修回日期:2021-02-07 接受日期:2021-07-24 出版日期:2022-08-08 发布日期:2022-01-13
  • 通讯作者: 金贺荣,燕山大学机械工程学院,河北省秦皇岛市 066004
  • 作者简介:金贺荣,男,1975年生,河北省唐山市人,汉族,博士,教授,主要从事机械电子一体化技术与医工结合研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2021年河北省研究生创新资助项目(CXZZSS2021049),项目名称:基于3D打印的椎间融合器研究及性能分析,项目负责人:崔敬斌;2021年河北省重点研发项目(21372004D),项目名称:髋关节假体数字化设计与制备关键技术研究,项目参与者:金贺荣、崔敬斌

Materials of interbody fusion cage: advantages and focus of clinical application

Jin Herong1, Cui Jingbin1, Shao Cang2   

  1. 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei Province, China; 2Hebei Ruihe Medical Equipment Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-29 Revised:2021-02-07 Accepted:2021-07-24 Online:2022-08-08 Published:2022-01-13
  • Contact: Jin Herong, School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Jin Herong, MD, Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Hebei Postgraduate Innovation Funding Project in 2021, No. CXZZSS2021049 (to CJB); Key Research and Development Project of Hebei Province in 2021, No. 21372004D (to JHR, CJB)

摘要:

文题释义:
椎间融合术:以发生病变的椎体为中心,在病变的上一椎体和下一椎体之间进行融合,使之成为一个整体,适用于椎骨破坏性疾病及脊柱退变、移位或滑脱等症状,目前临床上最常用的方法是将融合器植入椎间,可恢复椎间隙高度,也有利于神经减压,使得脊柱的稳定性更佳。
生物相容性:生命体组织对非活性材料产生反应的一种性能,当生物材料植入体内后,体内会产生免疫反应和组织反应。各种植入物材料在应用于临床之前必须要做生物学评价,而生物相容性是一项重要指标。良好的生物相容性要求生物材料具有无毒或很低的毒性,植入人体后不会使组织产生局部炎症、过敏等症状,长期植入不会有致癌作用。

背景:椎间融合器已成为脊柱外科临床上不可或缺的植入物,随着材料科学和3D打印技术的发展,不同材料融合器的应用前景有待考究。
目的:结合目前椎间融合器最新临床数据和新材料的研发,对融合器材料进行详细分析并作出展望。
方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索中国知网、维普、PubMed、Elsevier等数据库1989年1月至2020年12月发表的文献,着重检索现阶段椎间融合器材料在脊柱外科临床上的应用,中文检索词为“椎间融合器,生物相容性,骨科植入物,脊柱外科,3D打印融合器,可降解材料,聚醚醚酮融合器,氮化硅融合器”,英文检索词“Interbody fusion cage,Biocompatibility,Orthopedic implants,Spinal surgery,3D printing interbody fusion cage,Biodegradable materials,PEEK fusion cage,Silicon nitride fusion cage”。
结果与结论:椎间融合器材料种类繁多,可分为金属材料、高分子材料、无机非金属材料和复合材料,目前临床常用的是聚醚醚酮及其复合材料融合器,其他材料也有了新的临床数据。随着3D打印技术的发展及3D打印的新型材料出现,金属多孔钛合金融合器在临床上效果显著。此外,融合器孔内的填充材料从自体骨和同种异体骨逐渐向可吸收的人工骨和重组骨形态发生蛋白发展。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-3433 (金贺荣) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 椎间融合器, 生物材料, 脊柱融合术, 骨科植入物, 3D打印技术, 组织工程, 聚醚醚酮, 可降解材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Interbody fusion cage has become an indispensable implant in spinal surgery. With the development of materials science and 3D printing technology, the application prospects of different materials need to be studied.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze in detail and prospect the materials of interbody fusion cage in combination with the latest clinical data and the research and development of new materials.
METHODS: The first author searched CNKI, VIP, PubMed, Elsevier and other databases from January 1989 to December 2020 by computer, focusing on the current clinical application of interbody fusion cage materials in spinal surgery with key words of “Interbody fusion cage, Biocompatibility, Orthopedic implants, Spinal surgery, 3D printing interbody fusion cage, Biodegradable materials, PEEK fusion cage, Silicon nitride fusion cage” in English and Chinese. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There are a variety of interbody fusion cages, including metal materials, polymer materials, inorganic non-metal materials and composite materials. Currently, PEEK and its composite materials are commonly used in clinic. Other materials have new clinical data. With the development of 3D printing technology and the emergence of new materials for 3D printing, metal porous titanium alloy fusion cage has been highly evaluated in clinic. In addition, the filling materials in the cage hole gradually developed from autogenous bone and allogeneic bone to absorbable artificial bone and recombinant bone morphogenetic protein. 

Key words: interbody fusion cage, biomaterials, spinal fusion, orthopedic implants, 3d printing technology, tissue engineering, polymer materials, biodegradable materials

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