中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (在线): 1-6.

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顺轴疲劳运动对兔髌股关节软骨损伤的影响

谭新访1,郭艳幸2,秦晓飞2,张斌清2,赵东亮2,潘琨琨2,李瑜卓2,陈皓宇2   

  1. 1河南中医药大学,河南省郑州市   450000;2河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院),河南省洛阳市   471000
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-04 修回日期:2021-06-08 接受日期:2021-07-22 出版日期:2022-01-08 发布日期:2021-11-13
  • 通讯作者: 郭艳幸,主任医师,硕士生导师,博士生导师,河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院),河南省洛阳市 471000
  • 作者简介:谭新访,女,1996年生,河南省舞钢市人,汉族,河南中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事骨与关节损伤方面的研究
  • 基金资助:
    全国中医学术流派传承工作室建设项目(国中医药人教函[2016]227 号),项目负责人:郭艳幸;2019 年河南省科技攻关项目(192102310433),项目负责人:郭艳幸

Effect of uniaxial fatigue exercise on patellofemoral cartilage injury in a rabbit

Tan Xinfang1, Guo Yanxing2, Qin Xiaofei2, Zhang Binqing2, Zhao Dongliang2, Pan Kunkun2, Li Yuzhuo2, Chen Haoyu2   

  1. 1Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China; 2Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471000, Henan Province, China 
  • Received:2021-06-04 Revised:2021-06-08 Accepted:2021-07-22 Online:2022-01-08 Published:2021-11-13
  • Contact: Guo Yanxing, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Doctoral supervisor, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Tan Xinfang, Master candidate, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Traditional Chinese Medicine Academic Schools Inheritance Studio Construction Project, No. [2016]227 (to GYX); the Science and Technology Project of Henan Province in 2019, No. 192102310433 (to GYX)

摘要:


文题释义:

顺轴疲劳运动:疲劳运动是多数骨关节病的发病机制或者诱发原因,顺轴疲劳运动即顺应关节自然活动轴线,不进行偏角设置的疲劳运动,更符合关节运动的现实情况以及发病机制。
髌股关节:是膝关节的主要构成部分之一,由髌骨与股骨滑车组成,周围包覆韧带与滑膜组织,髌骨下有丰富的髌下脂肪垫。髌股关节在膝关节屈曲伸展过程中活动明显。髌股关节软骨损伤常会出现髌股关节综合征,屈膝30°-60°时髌骨作用于股骨的压力最大,所以在上下楼梯以及膝关节大幅度屈曲伸展等动作时疼痛明显。

背景:以髌股关节软骨损伤为主要特征的疾病临床发病率高,但目前的研究对其病因认识不足。过度活动是临床广泛认可的病理机制之一,对认识髌股关节损伤的发生与发展有重要的意义。
目的:观察顺轴疲劳运动对髌股关节软骨的影响,探究疲劳运动对兔髌股关节软骨造成的损害,为了解过度活动对髌股关节软骨病变的影响提供实验依据。
方法:将8只新西兰大耳白兔适应性饲养1周后,选取右后膝为实验侧,将右后膝固定于造模机上进行顺轴疲劳运动,活动角度设置为  0°-95°,活动频率为60次/min,每天活动90 min,持续2周;左后膝不做处理。造模结束后采集动物膝关节MRI图像,之后麻醉处死动物并取材,对髌股关节进行软骨组织切片观察以及软骨Mankin评分。

结果与结论:①实验侧髌骨软骨出现明显的损害;②顺轴疲劳运动2周后,实验侧髌骨软骨颜色晦暗、可见裂隙存在,髌骨软骨面粗糙,髌骨-股骨接触面边缘增生;对照侧没有发现明显的软骨退变;③膝关节MRI结果显示,实验侧髌骨软骨信号不均匀;④苏木精-伊红染色后,光镜下观察实验侧软骨表面不光滑,可见软骨细胞增殖,排列紊乱,多条潮线;实验侧Mankin评分明显高于对照侧,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);⑤提示持续2周的顺轴疲劳运动可以造成兔髌股关节软骨轻度病损,出现软骨肿胀、裂隙等病理改变。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7819-2343 (谭新访) ;https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-8046 (郭艳幸)

关键词: 髌股关节, 软骨, 髌骨软化症, 顺轴疲劳运动, 动物模型, 病理

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: There is a high incidence of patellofemoral cartilage injury in clinical practice. However, the current research on its etiology is insufficient. Hyperactivity is one of the pathological mechanisms widely recognized in clinic, and understanding the occurrence and development of patellofemoral injury is of great significance.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of uniaxial fatigue exercise on the patellofemoral articular cartilage, and to explore patellofemoral cartilage injuries caused by fatigue in rabbits, so as to provide an experimental basis for understanding the effect of hyperactivity on patellofemoral cartilage lesions.
METHODS: Eight New Zealand white rabbits were adaptively fed for 1 week. The right knee of each rabbit was selected as the experimental side and the left knee as the control side. The right knee was fixed on a modeling machine for uniaxial fatigue exercise, and the activity angle was set to be 0°-95° and the activity frequency was set at 60 beats per minute, 90 minutes a day, for 2 weeks. The left knee of each rabbit was untreated. After modeling, MRI images of the rabbit knee joints were collected. The animals were then sacrificed and sampled, and the cartilage tissue sections of the patellofemoral joint were observed and assessed by the Mankin score.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The patellar cartilage of the experimental side was significantly damaged. After 2 weeks of uniaxial fatigue exercise, the patellar cartilage of the experimental side had dull color, visible fissures, rough surface, and hyperplasia at the edge of the patellofemoral interface, while no obvious cartilage degeneration was observed on the control side. The results of knee MRI showed that the signal intensity of the patellar cartilage on the experimental side was heterogeneous. Hematoxylin-eosin staining results revealed that the cartilage surface of the experimental side was not smooth, and chondrocyte proliferation, disarrangement, and multiple tidal lines were observed under a light microscope. The Mankin score of the experimental side was significantly higher than that of the control side (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that 2-week uniaxial fatigue exercise can cause mild damage to the cartilage of the patellofemoral joint in rabbits, accompanied by pathological changes such as cartilage swelling and fissures.

Key words: patellofemoral joint, cartilage, chondromalacia patellae, uniaxial fatigue exercise, animal model, pathology

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