中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 350-353.doi: 10.12307/2022.057

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

不同透视角度下髋臼杯覆盖率:评估复杂类型髋关节发育不良全髋关节置换假体的位置

王金子,丁  海,张  衡,常文举,刘奋斗   

  1. 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院骨科,安徽省蚌埠市   233000
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-30 修回日期:2021-04-14 接受日期:2021-05-27 出版日期:2022-01-28 发布日期:2021-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 丁海,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,蚌埠医学院第一附属医院骨科,安徽省蚌埠市 233000
  • 作者简介:王金子,男,1995年生,安徽省宿州市人,汉族,蚌埠医学院在读硕士,主要从事骨关节方面临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省高等学校省级重点自然科学研究项目(KJ2019A0333),项目负责人:张衡

Coverage of the acetabular cup under different perspective angles: assessing the position of the total hip arthroplasty prosthesis for complex types of hip dysplasia

Wang Jinzi, Ding Hai, Zhang Heng, Chang Wenju, Liu Fendou   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2021-03-30 Revised:2021-04-14 Accepted:2021-05-27 Online:2022-01-28 Published:2021-10-27
  • Contact: Ding Hai, MD, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Wang Jinzi, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Provincial-Level Key Natural Science Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province, No. KJ2019A0333 (to zh)

摘要:

文题释义:
髋臼杯覆盖率:全髋关节置换中髋臼杯受髋臼覆盖的部分除以髋臼杯外缘表面积的率,用于评估全髋关节置换术臼杯安放后的包容性与稳定性,这本是个三维概念,而临床上常常通过平片检查评估髋臼杯覆盖情况,目前建议确保杯组件长期存活所需臼杯最小覆盖率应在70%以上。
轴位片与斜位片:在平片检查投影过程中,根据投照位置可分为正位、侧位、轴位、斜位。轴位是相对正位和侧位而言。拍摄轴位片时,投照沿检查部位的长轴方向进行,被称为上下位或头足位。斜位又称为内外斜位或外内斜位,拍摄斜位片时,投照沿检查部位的横轴方向进行。

背景:髋臼杯覆盖率用于评估全髋关节置换术臼杯安放后的包容性与稳定性,而髋关节平片检查是一种普遍的全髋关节置换术中或术后髋臼杯覆盖率评估的一项手段,不同透视角度可能影响髋臼杯覆盖率的测量与评估。
目的:探讨全髋关节置换术中不同透视角度下髋臼杯覆盖率之间的关系。
方法:取3D打印合成的骨盆标本5个,通过打磨右侧髋臼安放直径52 mm的髋臼杯假体,以制备5个相同全髋关节置换术后髋臼模型。将制备好的骨盆模型以右侧髋臼为中心固定于C型臂机下进行透视,通过旋转C型臂机,透视出右髋关节正位片,上15°,30°,45°轴位片和左15°,30°,45°斜位片。通过Photoshop 2019软件计算出不同透视角度下臼杯覆盖率,比较不同角度轴位片及斜位片下的髋臼杯覆盖率与正位片的差异。
结果与结论:①在轴位片髋臼杯覆盖率的测试中,随着轴位透视角度向上倾斜,臼杯覆盖率逐渐增大,其中上45°轴位片组显著高于髋关节正位片组[增加(6.72±1.57)%,P=0.009];②在斜位片髋臼杯覆盖率测试中,随着透视角度向左倾斜,覆盖率呈下降趋势,其中左45°斜位片组显著低于髋关节正位片组[减少(5.56±1.91)%,P=0.021];③结果说明,不同倾斜透视角度下的髋臼杯覆盖率存在差异。向上轴位倾斜角度越大,显示臼杯覆盖越多,而向对侧斜位倾斜角度越大,显示臼杯覆盖越少;提示对于全髋关节置换的患者需注意术中透视角度,而复杂类型的全髋关节置换的患者术中或术后可透视45°斜位片以进一步评估臼杯位置及覆盖。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7774-592X (王金子) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 关节置换, 髋, 置换, 覆盖率, 骨盆, 髋臼杯, 透视, 轴位

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The coverage of acetabular cup is used to evaluate the inclusiveness and stability of the acetabular cup after total hip arthroplasty. Plain radiograph examination of the hip is a common method to detect acetabular cup coverage during or after total hip arthroplasty. Different perspective angles may affect the measurement and evaluation of acetabular cup coverage.  
OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the coverage of the acetabular cup under different perspectives after total hip arthroplasty.
METHODS:  Five three-dimensional printed synthetic pelvic specimens were taken, and 52 mm diameter acetabular cup prosthesis was placed by polishing the right acetabulum to prepare different acetabular cup coverage models. The prepared pelvis model was fixed with the right acetabulum as the center under the C-arm machine for fluoroscopy. By rotating the C-arm machine, the right hip joint was seen through the front view, 15°, 30°, and 45° axial position films and left 15°, 30°, and 45° oblique films. The coverage of the acetabular cup under different perspective angles was calculated by Photoshop2019 software to compare the difference between the acetabular cup coverage under the different angles of the axial and oblique films and the orthographic film.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In the test of the acetabular cup coverage of the axial film, as the axial perspective angle was tilted upward; the coverage of the acetabular cup gradually increased, and was significantly higher in the upper 45° axial film group than that in the hip orthographic film group [increased (6.72±1.57)%, P=0.009]. (2) In the oblique film acetabular cup coverage test, as the perspective angle tilted to the left, the coverage rate showed a downward trend. The coverage was significantly lower in the left 45° oblique film group than that in the hip joint orthographic film group [decreased (5.56±1.91)%, P=0.021]. (3) Results confirm that there are differences in the coverage of the acetabular cup under different oblique perspective angles. The greater the upward axial tilt angle, the greater the cup coverage, and the greater the contralateral tilt angle, the less cup coverage. It is indicated that for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, attention should be paid to the intraoperative fluoroscopy angle. For complicated types of total hip arthroplasty patients, 45° oblique films can be shown during or after the operation to further evaluate the position and coverage of the cup.

Key words: arthroplasty, hip, replacement, coverage, pelvis, acetabular cup, fluoroscopy, axial

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