中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (24): 3870-3874.doi: 10.12307/2021.095

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

颈椎前路椎体次全切植骨融合和后路单开门椎管扩大成形治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病:对颈椎活动度的影响#br#

张启福1,马永红2,王  涛1,胡一博1,张鹤令1,宗群川1   

  1. 青海大学附属医院,1创伤骨科,2内分泌科,青海省西宁市   810000
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-10 修回日期:2020-02-19 接受日期:2020-08-09 出版日期:2021-08-28 发布日期:2021-03-17
  • 通讯作者: 马永红,硕士,主治医师,青海大学附属医院内分泌科,青海省西宁市 810000
  • 作者简介:张启福,男,1985年生,青海省海北州人,回族,2007年青海大学毕业,主要从事脊柱及四肢创伤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    青海大学附属医院中青年科研基金项目(ASRF-2014-10),项目负责人:张启福

Effects of anterior corpectomy and fusion versus posterior single open-door laminoplasty on cervical range of motion of patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy

Zhang Qifu1, Ma Yonghong2, Wang Tao1, Hu Yibo1, Zhang Heling1, Zong Qunchuan1   

  1. Department of Orthopedic Trauma, 2Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China 
  • Received:2020-02-10 Revised:2020-02-19 Accepted:2020-08-09 Online:2021-08-28 Published:2021-03-17
  • Contact: Ma Yonghong, Master, Attending physician, Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Qifu, Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Young and Middle-Aged Scientific Research Fund Project of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, No. ASRF-2014-10 (to ZQF)

摘要:

文题释义:
多节段脊髓型颈椎病:临床上将病变≥3个节段的脊髓型颈椎病称为多节段脊髓型颈椎病,患者往往病程长、病情重,生活质量受影响更为严重,且保守治疗效果差,确诊后应及时进行手术治疗,避免神经功能的进一步损害。
颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合:从颈椎前方减轻解除椎管内脊髓及神经组织的压迫,重建颈椎序列的稳定性,减轻临床症状,促进残留神经功能的恢复。
后路单开门椎管扩大成形:该术式可扩大颈椎椎管,使得颈脊髓向后方漂移,从而间接解除脊髓压迫,缓解神经功能障碍症状,是治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病、发育性颈椎管狭窄、后纵韧带骨化等疾病最常用的手术方式。

背景:多节段脊髓型颈椎病的手术治疗可以采用前路手术和后路手术,但是关于修复方式的选择目前仍存有争议。
目的:探讨颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合和后路单开门椎管扩大成形对多节段脊髓型颈椎病患者的疗效,尤其是对患者颈椎活动度的影响。
方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年1月在青海大学附属医院就诊的多节段脊髓型颈椎病患者的病历资料,按照手术方式分为前路组和后路组,其中前路组33例采取颈椎前路椎间盘切除植骨融合治疗,后路组32例采取单开门椎管扩大成形治疗。采用日本骨科协会评分评估两组患者术前及术后神经功能,测量两组患者术前及术后的颈椎活动度。
结果与结论:①65例多节段脊髓型颈椎病患者均完成随访,随访时间12-25个月;②两组患者年龄、性别构成、随访时间、术前及术后末次随访时日本骨科协会评分相比,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③两组患者术后的颈椎活动度均较术前有所减少(P < 0.05);末次随访时后路组在前屈、后伸、左侧屈、右侧屈、左旋及右旋方向上的颈椎活动度均优于前路组;④提示多节段脊髓型颈椎病患者接受颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合和后路单开门椎管扩大成形治疗后颈椎活动度均减小,且前者较后者对颈椎活动度的影响更大。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0650-4205 (张启福) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 脊髓型颈椎病, 颈椎前路, 植骨融合, 后路单开门, 活动度

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Anterior approach and posterior approach are used in the treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy, but it is still controversial about the choice of surgical approach. 
OBECTIVE: To investigate the effects of anterior corpectomy and fusion versus posterior single open-door laminoplasty on cervical range of motion of patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy. 
METHODS: Medical records of patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy admitted in Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University from January 2016 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to surgical approaches, they were divided into anterior and posterior groups. Patients in the anterior group (n=33) were treated with anterior corpectomy and fusion, while patients in the posterior group (n=32) were treated with posterior single open-door laminoplasty. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association score was used to evaluate the neurological function before and after surgery in both groups. Cervical range of motion before and after operation was measured in both groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 65 patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy were followed up. The follow-up time ranged from 12 to 25 months. (2) There were no significant differences in age, gender composition, follow-up time, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score between the two groups before surgery and at the time of the last follow-up (P > 0.05). (3) Cervical range of motion of the two groups after surgery was reduced compared with those before surgery (P < 0.05). The ranges of motion of cervical spine in the posterior group were better than those in the anterior group in flexion, extension, left flexion, right flexion, left rotation and right rotation at the last follow-up. (4) It is indicated that the range of motion of cervical spine was reduced after both anterior corpectomy and fusion and laminoplasty in patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy, and the former has more influence on the cervical range of motion than the latter. 

Key words: cervical spondylotic myelopathy, anterior cervical approach, bone grafting and fusion, posterior single door opening, range of motion

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