中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (36): 5812-5817.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2931

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换中氨甲环酸与止血带优化使用方案

彭如辉,周德春   

  1. 眉山市中医医院骨外科,四川省眉山市  620010
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-10 修回日期:2020-02-15 接受日期:2020-03-18 出版日期:2020-12-28 发布日期:2020-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 周德春,主任医师,眉山市中医医院骨外科,四川省眉山市 620010
  • 作者简介:彭如辉,男,1986年生,四川省眉山市人,汉族,2012年西南医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨外科学方面的研究。

Application of tranexamic acid combined with tourniquet optimization program in total knee arthroplasty

Peng Ruhui, Zhou Dechun   

  1. Department of Bone Surgery, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Meishan City, Meishan 620010, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2020-02-10 Revised:2020-02-15 Accepted:2020-03-18 Online:2020-12-28 Published:2020-10-27
  • Contact: Zhou Dechun, Chief physician, Department of Bone Surgery, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Meishan City, Meishan 620010, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Peng Ruhui, Master, Attending physician, Department of Bone Surgery, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Meishan City, Meishan 620010, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:

全膝关节置换:是采用与人体膝关节结构相似的人工特殊材质金属假体置换,代替人体病变、磨损的膝关节,从而达到对病变、磨损带来剧烈疼痛、活动功能障的膝关节彻底治疗的一种骨科术式,全膝关节置换在治疗终末期膝骨关节炎应用中已达成了广泛共识。

限制性使用止血带止血带的使用能为术者提供清晰的手术视野,亦能够显著减少术中出血。但近年来对术中止血带的应用方式及时机有新的学术观点出现,限制性使用止血带即在术中特定时间段内使用止血带,与传统全程使用止血带相比在患者炎症因子水平及术后早期康复方面具有相对优势。  

背景:膝关节置换过程中是否使用止血带近年来受到广泛关注并有诸多争议。近来又有学者提出术中止血带的优化应用方案有利于加速患者术后康复。

目的:观察全膝关节置换过程中应用氨甲环酸联合止血带优化使用方案的临床效果。

方法纳入20183月至201912月眉山市中医医院收治的膝关节骨性关节炎患者60例,其中男20例,女40例,采用随机数字表法分为2组,每组30例:观察组接受全膝关节置换治疗,从术中安放假体至骨水泥硬化成型期间使用止血带(止血带优化使用方案);对照组接受全膝关节置换治疗,治疗过程中全程使用止血带。两组氨甲环酸使用剂量与方法相同。术后137 d时,检测血清血红蛋白、白细胞计数、C-反应蛋白水平;术后137 d及术后1个月时,采用目测类比评分评估疼痛;术后3 d7 d1个月时,采用HSS评分评估膝关节功能。试验获得眉山市中医医院伦理委员会批准。

结果与结论①观察组术后1 d的血红蛋白值低于对照组(P < 0.05),其余时间点两组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②观察组术后37 d的白细胞计数低于对照组(P < 0.05),术后1 d时两组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③观察组术后13 dC-反应蛋白水平低于对照组(P < 0.05),术后7 d时两组间比较差异无显著性意义;④观察组术后3 d的目测类比评分低于对照组(P < 0.05),其余时间点两组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤两组不同时间点的HSS评分比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑥结果表明,氨甲环酸联合止血带优化使用方案能够减轻全膝关节置换患者术后疼痛及炎症反应水平,对于患者早期康复具有重要意义。

ORCID: 0000-0001-8546-2834(彭如辉)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 植入物, 假体, 关节置换, 氨甲环酸, 止血, 疗效, 疼痛, 炎症

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The use of tourniquets during knee replacements has received widespread attention and controversy in recent years. Recently, some scholars have proposed an optimized application plan of tourniquet during operation, which is conducive to speeding up postoperative recovery of patients.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of tranexamic acid combined with tourniquet optimization program

during total knee arthroplasty.

METHODS: Sixty patients with knee osteoarthritis who were admitted to the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Meishan City from March 2018 to December 2019 were included, including 20 males and 40 females. They were divided into two groups using random number table method (n=30 per group). The observation group received total knee arthroplasty, and a tourniquet was used from implantation of the prosthesis to bone cement hardening (optimization of the tourniquet). The control group received total knee arthroplasty, and the tourniquet was used throughout the treatment. The dosage and method of tranexamic acid in the two groups were the same. Serum hemoglobin, leukocytes, and C-reactive protein levels were detected at 1, 3, and 7 days postoperatively. Visual analogue scale scores were used to assess pain at 1, 3, 7 and 1 month postoperatively. At 3, 7 days and 1 month, the HSS score was used to assess knee function. The trial was approved by the ethics committee of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Meishan City.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The hemoglobin value of the observation group at 1 day was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups at other time points (P > 0.05). (2) Leukocyte count was lower in the observation group than that of the control group at 3 and 7 days (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups at 1 day after operation (P > 0.05). (3) C-reactive protein level was lower at 1 and 3 days after operation in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups at 7 days after the operation. (4) The visual analogue scale score at 3 days after surgery in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference at the other two time points between the two groups (P > 0.05). (5) There was no significant difference in HSS scores between the two groups at various time points (P > 0.05). (6) The results showed that the optimal use of tranexamic acid combined with tourniquet can relieve pain and inflammation levels after total knee arthroplasty, which is of great significance for early recovery of the patients.

Key words: bone, implant, prosthesis, joint replacement, tranexamic acid, hemostasis, efficacy, pain, inflammation

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