中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (23): 3716-3722.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2728

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

PI3K/Akt信号通路与骨破坏:问题与机制

史东梅,董  明,陆  颖,牛卫东   

  1. 大连医科大学口腔医学院牙体牙髓教研室,辽宁省大连市  116041
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-23 修回日期:2019-10-10 接受日期:2019-11-29 出版日期:2020-08-18 发布日期:2020-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 牛卫东,博士,教授,硕士生导师,大连医科大学口腔医学院牙体牙髓教研室,辽宁省大连市 116041
  • 作者简介:史东梅,女,1990年生,山东省聊城市人,汉族,大连医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事牙体牙髓研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81700962)

PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and bone destruction: problems and mechanisms

Shi Dongmei, Dong Ming, Lu Ying, Niu Weidong   

  1. Department of Endodontics, Dalian Medical University School of Stomatology, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2019-09-23 Revised:2019-10-10 Accepted:2019-11-29 Online:2020-08-18 Published:2020-07-30
  • Contact: Niu Weidong, MD, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Endodontics, Dalian Medical University School of Stomatology, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Shi Dongmei, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Endodontics, Dalian Medical University School of Stomatology, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81700962

摘要:

文题释义:

PI3K/Akt信号通路:PI3K/Akt信号通路是由酶联受体介导的能够调节细胞生命活动的信号通路,该通路可以在多种生长因子、细胞因子、细胞外基质等参与下引起信号通路的活化,同时还在细胞增殖、凋亡、组织炎症、肿瘤生长侵袭等方面起着重要作用。近年的研究表明,PI3K/Akt信号通路参与骨质疏松、骨关节炎、骨肉瘤等病理性骨病,并且在破骨细胞和成骨细胞的增殖、分化及凋亡方面扮演着重要角色。

骨破坏:当破骨细胞发挥了骨吸收的功能时,会吸收大量骨质,形成骨吸收陷窝,使骨吸收量大于骨形成量,形成骨质的破坏。

背景:近年来研究表明,PI3K/Akt信号通路与骨破坏相关的疾病密切,并且对靶向该信号通路的抑制剂也在进行大量的研究,这为临床上骨破坏相关疾病的药物治疗提供了新思路。

目的:就PI3K/Akt信号通路在骨破坏中的研究做一综述。

方法:检索1998年1月至2019年8月 PubMed 数据库及万方医学数据库。英文检索词为“PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,osteoclasts,osteoblasts,bone destruction”,中文检索词为“PI3K/Akt信号通路;破骨细胞;成骨细胞;骨破坏”。经过文题、摘要的筛选,排除与研究目的相关性差及内容陈旧、重复的文献,对最终符合标准的67篇文献进行综述。

结果与结论:①成骨细胞和破骨细胞介导的骨形成与骨吸收之间的适当平衡对于维持骨稳态是必要的,这两个生物学过程之间的失衡将导致骨破坏;②PI3K/Akt信号通路是调节细胞生命活动的信号转导通路,在细胞增殖、凋亡、分化等方面起着重要作用;③PI3K/Akt细胞信号通路通过促进成骨细胞增殖、分化和骨形成而参与骨质疏松的抑制;④结果提示,可以研究该信号通路在骨破坏相关疾病中的抑制剂,从而为临床药物治疗提供新思路。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词:

PI3K/Akt信号通路, 破骨细胞, 成骨细胞, 骨破坏

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is closely related to bone destruction-related diseases. Inhibitors targeting this signaling pathway are also undergoing extensive research, which provides new ideas for clinical treatment of bone destruction-related diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To review the research of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in bone destruction.

METHODS: WanFang and PubMed databases were searched for relevant articles published from January 1998 to August 2019. The retrieval key words were “PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; osteoclasts; osteoblasts; bone destruction” in Chinese and English, respectively. To exclude duplicate studies by reading the title and abstract, finally 67 articles were included in result analysis.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: An appropriate balance between osteoblast and osteoclast-mediated osteogenesis and bone resorption is necessary to maintain bone homeostasis, and an imbalance between these two biological processes will result in bone destruction. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is a signal transduction pathway that regulates cell activities and plays an important role in cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in the inhibition of osteoporosis by promoting osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and bone formation. These results reveal that further exploration on the inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway related to bone destruction will provide new ideas for drug therapy in clinical practice.

Key words: PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, bone destruction

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