中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (9): 1443-1448.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2488

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换后冷疗有效性的Meta分析

刘  玉,张楠心,戴丽群,应  玮   

  1. 福建医科大学附属第一医院骨科,福建省福州市  350005
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-27 修回日期:2019-07-31 接受日期:2019-09-02 出版日期:2020-03-28 发布日期:2020-02-13
  • 通讯作者: 张楠心,主治医师,福建医科大学附属第一医院骨科,福建省福州市 350005
  • 作者简介:刘玉,女,1987年生,福建省福州市人,汉族,护师,主要从事骨科护理及康复研究。
  • 基金资助:
    福建省2012年临床重点专科建设项目(骨科)(闽卫科教[2012]149号);福建省财政厅资助项目(闽财指[2018]376号)

Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of cold therapy after total knee arthroplasty

Liu Yu, Zhang Nanxin, Dai Liqun, Ying Wei   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
  • Received:2019-07-27 Revised:2019-07-31 Accepted:2019-09-02 Online:2020-03-28 Published:2020-02-13
  • Contact: Zhang Nanxin, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
  • About author:Liu Yu, Senior nurse, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project of Fujian Province in 2012 (orthopedics department), No. [2012]149; the Funded Project of Fujian Provincial Department of Finance, No. [2018]376

摘要:

文题释义:
冷疗:指用低温来治疗疾病的一种方法,通常是将致冷物质作用于人体,使局部或全身温度一过性降低,从而达到治病和增强体质目的的方法。冷疗法与冷冻治疗不同,虽然两者都是利用致冷物使人体降温,但两者温度不同,人体组织的反应也不一样,临床应用的目的和适应证并不相同。冷疗法所用的温度一般高于0 ℃,降温缓慢,不会引起局部组织损伤;冷冻治疗所用的温度明显低于0 ℃,降温急骤,使组织细胞产生冰晶而被破坏。
全膝关节置换:膝关节是下肢重要的负重关节,其结构和功能是人体关节中最复杂者。膝退行性骨关节病是老年人的常见疾病,严重膝骨关节病需要进行人工膝关节置换的患者越来越多。膝关节置换可解除膝关节疼痛,改善膝关节功能,纠正膝关节畸形并获得长期稳定。

背景:应用冷疗来促进全膝关节置换后的康复具有一定的理论基础,但冷疗是否可以减少出血、减轻疼痛、促进早期活动度恢复依然存在争议。

目的:应用Meta分析评价全膝关节置换后应用冷疗在减少术后出血、减轻疼痛及促进活动度恢复等方面是否具备有效性。

方法:检索Medline、EMBASE、Cochrane、中国生物医学文献数据库、CNKI、万方等数据库,查找关于全膝关节置换后应用冷疗与其他康复疗法的随机对照试验,进行数据提取,应用Revman 5.3进行统计学分析,合并效应值。

结果与结论:①共纳入10篇随机对照试验文献,包括1 070例患者,试验组全膝关节置换后应用冷疗,对照组应用其他康复疗法;②Meta分析显示:与其他康复疗法比较,全膝关节置换后应用冷疗可改善术后疼痛[MD=-0.75,95%CI(-1.29,-0.21),P=0.006]、减少血红蛋白降低[MD=-12.11,95%CI(-17.66,-6.56),P < 0.000 1],但不能减少阿片类药物用量[MD=0.01,95%CI(-0.15,-0.16),P=0.92]、改善关节活动度[MD=6.58,95%CI(-0.54,13.70),P=0.07];③结果表明,全膝关节置换后应用冷疗可有效缓解疼痛、减少术后血红蛋白的降低程度,但对于减少阿片类镇痛剂的应用及改善活动度无显著疗效。

ORCID: 0000-0003-4247-0513(刘玉)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 全膝关节置换, 冷疗, 荟萃分析, 疼痛, 贫血, 活动度, 阿片类药物, 术后康复

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The use of cold therapy to promote rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty has a certain theoretical basis, but whether cold therapy can reduce bleeding, reduce pain, and promote early recovery of activity is still controversial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of cold therapy in total knee arthroplasty in reducing postoperative bleeding, reducing pain, and promoting recovery of motion range using meta-analysis.

METHODS: Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, Wanfang and other databases were searched to find randomized controlled trials of cold therapy and other rehabilitation therapies after total knee arthroplasty. Data were extracted. Statistical analysis was performed using Revman 5.3. Effect values were combined.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 10 randomized controlled trials were included, including 1 070 patients. The experimental group received cold therapy after total knee arthroplasty, and the control group received other rehabilitation therapies. (2) Meta-analysis showed that compared with other rehabilitation therapies, cold therapy after replacement alleviated postoperative pain [MD=-0.75, 95%CI (-1.29, -0.21), P=0.006], reduced hemoglobin drop [MD=-12.11, 95%CI (-17.66, -6.56), P < 0.000 1]. However, cold therapy could not reduce the amount of opioids usage [MD=0.01, 95%CI (-0.15, -0.16), P=0.92], or improve joint motion range [MD=6.58, 95%CI (-0.54, 13.70), P=0.07]. (3) The results show that the application of cold therapy after total knee arthroplasty can effectively relieve pain and reduce the drop of postoperative hemoglobin, but has no significant effect on reducing the application of opioid analgesics or improving motion range.

Key words: total knee replacement, cold therapy, meta-analysis, pain, anemia, range of motion, opioids, postoperative rehabilitation

中图分类号: