中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (9): 1422-1429.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2460

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

下肢应力性骨折相关风险因素及未来的研究方向

赵燕旭1,2,张  钊2,罗  东2,李芒来2,汪  靖2,方  杰2,蒋  雯2,冯  勇1,彭  江2,许文静2,王  玉2,汪爱媛2,张民泽1   

  1. 1延安大学附属医院创伤修复外科,陕西省延安市  716000;2中国人民解放军总医院骨科研究所,北京市  100853
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-11 修回日期:2019-07-27 接受日期:2019-09-02 出版日期:2020-03-28 发布日期:2020-02-13
  • 通讯作者: 张民泽,主任医师,硕士生导师,延安大学附属医院创伤修复外科,陕西省延安市 716000 并列通讯作者:汪爱媛,硕士,副研究员,教授,硕士生导师,中国人民解放军总医院骨科研究所,北京市 100853
  • 作者简介:赵燕旭,男,汉族,1993年生,山东省济宁市人,延安大学在读硕士,主要从事骨科疾病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    军事训练伤应力性骨折预警评估体系及综合预防措施研究(16CXZ044);肢体重要组织战创伤组织工程再生医学关键技术系列研究(BWS11J025);军事训练应力性骨折诊断标准及防治原则(BWS17B053)

Risk factors for stress fracture of lower limbs and future research direction

Zhao Yanxu1, 2, Zhang Zhao2, Luo Dong2, Li Manglai2, Wang Jing2, Fang Jie2, Jiang Wen2, Feng Yong1, Peng Jiang2, Xu Wenjing2, Wang Yu2, Wang Aiyuan2, Zhang Minze1   

  1. 1Department of Trauma and Repair Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; 2Orthopedics Institute of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
  • Received:2019-07-11 Revised:2019-07-27 Accepted:2019-09-02 Online:2020-03-28 Published:2020-02-13
  • Contact: Zhang Minze, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Trauma and Repair Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an Shaanxi Province, China Wang Aiyuan, Master, Associate researcher, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Orthopedics Institute of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
  • About author:Zhao Yanxu, Master candidate, Department of Trauma and Repair Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an Shaanxi Province, China; Orthopedics Institute of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
  • Supported by:
    the Studying on Early Warning Evaluation System and Comprehensive Preventive Measures for Stressful Fractures in Military Training, No. 16CXZ044; the Researches on Key Technologies of Vital Tissue Warfare Trauma Tissue Engineering Regenerative Medicine, No. BWS11J025; the Diagnostic Criteria and Principles of Prevention and Treatment of Stress Fractures in Military Training, No. BWS17B053

摘要:

文题释义:

应力性骨折:是指骨骼反复受到拉伸或压缩应力而发生的过劳性损伤。其中X射线平片对早期的应力性骨折缺乏敏感性,而且多数医生对其认识不足,易于误诊或漏诊,若得不到及时治疗,则会导致长期疼痛以及足弓和力线的改变,甚至与身体残疾有关。多数应力性骨折通过保守治疗均可愈合,但是某些应力性骨折比较复杂,往往需要手术治疗才能恢复。

足底压力分析:是指在行走过程中对足底表面施加的力的大小和分布的测量,是研究足部姿势与下肢生物力学功能相互作用的一种技术。足底压力分布因足部姿势的不同而各不相同,足底压力参数与应力性骨折的联系尚不清楚,需要进一步的研究来确定足部姿势和足底压力对应力性骨折的影响。

背景:下肢应力性骨折在新兵和运动员中很常见,不同程度的影响着新兵、运动员的训练。

目的:总结下肢应力性骨折发生发展的风险因素,提高人们对下肢应力性骨折的认识并为其预防提供思路。

方法:第一作者应用计算机检索2009年1月至2019年7月PubMed数据库、万方及CNKI数据库的相关文章,英文检索词“stress fracture,fatigue fracture,overuse injury,risk factors,recruits”;中文检索词 “应力性骨折,疲劳骨折,过度使用性损伤,风险因素,新兵”。共检索到786篇相关文献,76篇文献符合纳入标准。

结果与结论:①性别和既往应力性骨折病史已被确定为应力性骨折的风险因素,未来的研究应该倾向于确定其他风险因素在应力性骨折发生发展中的具体作用;②此外,生物力学风险因素可能影响新兵下肢应力性骨折的发生;③因此可以通过改善新兵训练时下肢异常的生物力学参数,更好地预防下肢应力性骨折,以期通过适当管理降低应力性骨折的发生率。

ORCID: 0000-0001-8166-7197(赵燕旭)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 应力性骨折, 新兵, 运动员, 军事训练, 生物力学, 足底压力, 风险因素

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Stress fractures of lower limbs are common for recruits and athletes, and affect their training to different extent.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the risk factors for the occurrence and development of stress fracture of lower extremity, then to raise the awareness of stress fracture of lower extremity and provide ideas for its prevention.

METHODS: A computer-based search was conducted in PubMed, WanFang and CNKI databases from January 2009 to July 2019 with the keywords of “stress fracture, fatigue fracture, overuse injury, risk factors, recruits” in English and Chinese, respectively. A total of 786 relevant articles were retrieved, and 76 articles were eligible for the inclusion criteria.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Sex and history of stress fracture have been identified as risk factors for stress fracture. Future studies should be inclined to identify the specific roles of other risk factors in the development of stress fracture. (2) In addition, biomechanical factors are likely to affect the occurrence of stress fracture of the lower limbs of recruits. (3) Therefore, improving the abnormal biomechanical parameters of the lower extremity during the training of recruits can develop a method to prevent the stress fracture of the lower limbs, and reduce the incidence of stress fracture through appropriate management.

Key words: stress fracture, recruits, athlete, military training, biomechanics, plantar pressure, risk factors

中图分类号: