中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (16): 2529-2537.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1210

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

Lenke3型成人特发性脊柱侧凸三维矫形手术模拟

辛大奇1,杨学军1,王国强1,肖宇龙1,胡侦明2,邢文华1,赵 岩1,付 裕1,祝 勇1,白贤明1   

  1. 1内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010030;2重庆医科大学附属第一医院骨科,重庆市 400016
  • 出版日期:2019-06-08 发布日期:2019-06-08
  • 通讯作者: 王国强,主任医师,院长,硕士生导师,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010030
  • 作者简介:辛大奇,男,1980年生,内蒙古自治区突泉县人,汉族,2017年重庆医科大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱外科基础及临床方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2016MS08141),项目负责人:王国强

Three-dimensional models of Lenke3 type adult idiopathic scoliosis simulating orthopedic surgeries  

Xin Daqi1, Yang Xuejun1, Wang Guoqiang1, Xiao Yulong1, Hu Zhenming2, Xing Wenhua1, Zhao Yan1, Fu Yu1, Zhu Yong1, Bai Xianming1   

  1. 1Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
  • Online:2019-06-08 Published:2019-06-08
  • Contact: Wang Guoqiang, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Xin Daqi, MD, Associate chief physician, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:

    the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2016MS08141 (to WGQ)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
成人特发性脊柱侧凸:指患者接受诊断或治疗脊柱侧凸的年龄超过20岁,这些脊柱侧凸可在青少年时期就已出现或早期较轻后期发展明显,受各种因素影响,其诊断或治疗被推迟,占成人脊柱侧凸的比例为4%-6%。
有限元手术模拟:利用有限元分析软件,模拟临床外科手术技术,用以分析及预判手术可能存在的问题及可能获得的预期结果。
 
摘要
背景:由于成人特发性脊柱侧凸的多样性及僵硬性,个别患者甚至需进行截骨术和个性化的手术设计才能使手术顺利完成,这些均影响患者的手术安全和预后。设计手术方案时要考虑到各个因素对胸腰侧凸畸形矫形的影响。
目的:在修正好的Lenke3型成人特发性脊柱侧凸模型上分别模拟不同的手术方式,了解不同手术方式椎弓根螺钉的应力大小及其矫形效果。
方法:在优化后的Lenke3型成人特发性脊柱侧凸有限元模型上,分别进行5种有限元手术模拟。Case1:上下端椎双侧置钉结合后路关节突关节松解;Case2:模拟后路关键椎置钉结合后路关节囊松解;Case3后路关键椎置钉结合后路关节囊松解及前路侧凸处胸椎松解;Case4:关键椎置钉结合后路关节囊松解结合前路腰椎侧凸处松解;Case5:关键椎置钉结合后路关节囊松解结合前路胸腰椎侧凸处松解。分析Lenke3 型成人特发性脊柱侧凸不同手术方案的三维矫形效果及生物力学特征。
结果与结论:①在优化后的模型上,顺利完成了设计的Case1-5 共5种手术方案;②各种手术矫形后各椎弓根螺钉应力最大值均低于螺钉本身的折弯临界值。各组置钉的螺钉应力集中在L4下端椎位置,并且应力主要集中在钉尾与钉身交界处以及钉尾与矫形棒联接处的2个部位;③Case1-5手术方案脊柱胸椎侧凸的矫形率分别为63.9%,59.9%,67.6%,61.5%,66.4%;腰椎侧凸的矫形率分别为39.1%,32.2%,36.8%,42.9%,49.3%;④Case3,5两种胸椎松解术实验在胸椎矫形过程中其矫正效果未明显提高,但其相应结构的椎弓根螺钉应力却明显减低,Case5结果显示腰椎去旋转及降低胸腰椎螺钉的应力上明显优于其他组;⑤实验结果为成人特发性脊柱侧凸的有限元生物力学实验提供了量化指标,为Lenke3型成人特发性脊柱侧凸矫形手术效果的预测以及结合临床进行手术方案的制定提供了一定的理论基础。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-2202-5308(辛大奇)

关键词: 成人特发性脊柱侧凸, 脊柱, 胸椎松解术, 有限元法, 关键椎, 生物力学, 椎弓根螺钉技术, 手术模拟

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Due to diversity and stiffness of adult idiopathic scoliosis, individualized patients need orthopedics and individualized design, which affect the surgical safety and prognosis. Making the surgical scheme should consider the factors affecting the orthopedics of thoracolumbar scoliosis.

OBJECTIVE: To stimulate different surgical methods on the corrected model of Lenke3 type adult idiopathic scoliosis, and to understand the stress of pedicle screw and orthopedic efficacy. 
METHODS: In optimized finite element model of Lenke3 type adult idiopathic scoliosis, finite element operations were simulated separately, including simulating different combinations: Case1:posterior vertebral key pedicle screw and posterior capsular release surgery; Case2: posterior vertebral key pedicle screw and posterior capsular release surgery as well as anterior release for thoracic scoliosis; Case3: posterior vertebral key pedicle screw and posterior capsular release surgery and anterior release for lumbar scoliosis; Case4: posterior vertebral key pedicle screw and posterior capsular release surgery and anterior release for thoracolumbar side convex; Case5: posterior vertebral key pedicle screwing and posterior capsular release surgery and anterior thoracolumbar scoliosis release surgery. The effectiveness and the biomechanical characteristics of three-dimensional orthopedics of different surgical programs in patients with Lenke3 type adult idiopathic scoliosis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Five surgical schemes were completed successfully on the optimized finite element model. (2) The maximum stress value in each pedicle screw was lower than the threshold of the screw itself, which concentrated on the L4 down side. (3) The orthopedic rates of thoracic spine scoliosis in Case1-5 were 63.9%, 59.9%, 67.6%, 61.5%, 66.4%, respectively, and orthopedic rates of lumbar scoliosis were 39.1%, 32.2%, 36.8%, 42.9%, 49.3%, respectively. (4) The experimental results of thoracic release surgery in Case3 and 5 showed the effectiveness of its orthopedics have no significant increase, but the stress of their respective pedicle screw structure would be significantly reduced. The results of Case4 and 5 showed its stresses in the vertebral body derotation and lumbar/thoracic screws are much better than other groups. (5) These experimental results provide quantitative indicators for finite element biomechanical study on adult idiopathic scoliosis, and subsequently provide some theoretical support to predict therapeutic effect of orthopedic surgery and formulate clinical programs for patient with Lenke3 type of adult idiopathic scoliosis.

Key words: adult idiopathic scoliosis, spine, lumbar release, finite element analysis, key vertebrae, biomechanics, pedicle screw, surgical simulation

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