中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (19): 3049-3054.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0305

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

3D打印个性化截骨导板与传统截骨方法在全膝关节置换中的应用与比较

王 玄,于卓力,纪 楠,王 爽,樊景旭,乔跃跃   

  1. 解放军第202医院骨科,辽宁省沈阳市  110034
  • 出版日期:2018-07-08 发布日期:2018-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 于卓力,硕士,副主任医师,解放军第202医院骨科,辽宁省沈阳市 110034
  • 作者简介:王玄,男,1989 年生,辽宁省锦州市人,满族,2012年沈阳医学院毕业,医师,主要从事关节外科方面研究。

Application of three-dimensional printing-assisted osteotomy versus traditional osteotomy in total knee arthroplasty  

Wang Xuan, Yu Zhuo-li, Ji Nan, Wang Shuang, Fan Jing-xu, Qiao Yue-yue   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, 202th Hospital of PLA, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
  • Online:2018-07-08 Published:2018-07-08
  • Contact: Yu Zhuo-li, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, 202th Hospital of PLA, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Wang Xuan, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, 202th Hospital of PLA, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China

摘要:

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文题释义:
全膝关节置换结果:全膝关节置换技术发展多年,但多数手术医师仍采用股骨髓腔开孔股骨5°-7°外翻截骨,胫骨平台常规后倾3°截骨,截骨角度相对固定,相对程序化,手术器械多为西方骨骼特点设计,不符合目前精准化医疗理念,且股骨髓腔开孔明显增加术中及术后出血量。
3D打印个性化截骨导板:通过收集患者数字影像资料,在计算机辅助下重建模型,测量相关数据,模拟手术操作,采用3D打印技术制作适合该患者截骨操作的辅助工具,替代原有通用型截骨模具,进而达到个性化截骨操作,简化手术步骤,实现手术的“精准性”及“前瞻性”。
 
摘要
背景:全膝关节置换发展多年,随着材料科学及生物力学等不断发展进步,膝关节假体材料及设计已趋于成熟,近些年随着3D打印技术出现,逐渐应用于医学领域,现作者所在单位已开展3D打印截骨导板辅助截骨膝关节置换技术。
目的:通过与传统截骨方法对比,了解3D打印个性化截骨导板在全膝关节置换术中存在的优势及不足。
方法:回顾分析解放军第202医院骨科收治的2014年5月至2016年12月符合标准的单膝骨关节炎初次关节置换患者资料,其中27例术中应用3D打印个性化截骨导板(A组),32例术中应用传统截骨方法(B组)。对比2组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量;术后1,3,6个月评估美国特种外科医院评分及关节活动度;测量术后下肢力线(通过股骨头中心膝关节中心连线和胫骨解剖轴连线的夹角)。
结果与结论:①3D打印个性化截骨导板术中均与膝关节匹配;②A组的手术时间、术中出血及术后引流量均减小;③2组术后1,3,6个月美国特种外科医院评分比较,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④2组术后1,3,6个月关节活动范围比较,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤A组术后下肢力线夹角为(179.37±2.03)°,B组为(178.86±2.58)°,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑥结果表明,3D打印个性化截骨导板在全膝关节置换术中应用可明显缩短手术时间,减少围手术期出血,便于围手术期血液管理,对术后下肢力线及6个月内关节功能无影响。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID:0000-0001-7325-4966(王玄)

关键词: 3D打印, 个性化截骨导板, 膝关节, 关节置换, 传统截骨

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty has been developed for many years. With the development of material science and biomechanics, the material and design of knee prosthesis have become mature. In recent years, with the emergence of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, and its gradual application in medical field, 202th Hospital of PLA has developed the knee arthroplasty with 3D printing-assisted osteotomy.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the advantages and disadvantages of 3D-printed osteotomy in total knee arthroplasty by comparing with the traditional osteotomy method.
METHODS: Data of the eligible patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis undergoing primary arthroplasty at Department of Orthopedics, 202th Hospital of PLA from May 2014 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Twenty-seven patients underwent 3D printed osteotomy (group A), and 32 patients underwent traditional osteotomy method (group B). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage were compared. The Hospital for Special Surgery scores and range of motion of knee joint were evaluated at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. The postoperative limb alignment (angle between the line of the femoral head center and knee joint center and the line of the anatomical axis of tibia) was measured.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Guide plates of 3D-printed osteotomy all matched with the knee joint. (2) In the group A, the operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage were reduced. (3) There were no significant differences in the Hospital for Special Surgery scores at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively between two groups (P > 0.05). (4) The range of motion of knee joint showed no significant difference at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively between two groups (P > 0.05). (5) The limb alignment angle in the groups A and B was (179.37±2.03)° and (178.86±2.58)°, respectively, and the difference was insignificant (P > 0.05). (6) These results suggest that 3D-printed osteotomy applied in total knee arthroplasty can significantly shorten the operation time, reduce perioperative blood loss, contribute to perioperative blood management, and play no effect on the limb alignment and joint function within 6 months.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Osteotomy, Tissue Engineering

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