中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (7): 1050-1055.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0116

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

经皮与开放椎弓根螺钉系统治疗多节段胸腰椎骨折:置钉准确率对比

罗鹏刚1,金大地2,吴增志1,凌华军1,林伟文1,钟思龙1   

  1. 1佛山市高明区人民医院骨外科,广东省佛山市 528500;2南方医科大学第三附属医院脊柱外科,广东省广州市 510665
  • 出版日期:2018-03-08 发布日期:2018-03-08
  • 作者简介:罗鹏刚,男,1977年生,江西省宜黄县人,汉族,2009年南昌大学毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    佛山市科技攻关项目(2016AB001144),课题名称:微创经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定系统研发与临床应用

Comparison of percutaneous and open pedicle screw system in the treatment of multilevel thoracolumbar fractures: the accuracy of screw placement   

Luo Peng-gang1, Jin Da-di2, Wu Zeng-zhi1, Ling Hua-jun1, Lin Wei-wen1, Zhong Si-long1   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Foshan Gaoming People’s Hospital, Foshan 528500, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Spine Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510665, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2018-03-08 Published:2018-03-08
  • About author:Luo Peng-gang, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Foshan Gaoming People’s Hospital, Foshan 528500, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Science and Technology Key Project of Foshan City, No. 2016AB001144

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
多节段脊柱骨折:从解剖学角度来说,对于2个或2个以上脊柱骨节段发生骨折即为多节段脊柱骨折,临床上将其分为2型(Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型)和5种亚型。Ⅰ型为相邻型,指骨折之间脊柱节段间无正常节段相隔;Ⅱ型为非相邻型,指骨折之间至少有1个正常节段相隔。
经皮椎弓根螺钉:①螺钉尾部相对较长,更加方便体外瞄准完成连接棒的置入;②具有特殊的连接棒置入器,更加方便利用尾钉实现瞄准并钝性置入连接棒,避免手术过程中反复穿棒对患者造成二次损伤;③螺钉体积相对较小,治疗时更加方便,通过锁扣螺帽拧紧,螺纹相互啮合,最终锁紧钛棒。
 
摘要
背景:多节段胸腰椎骨折以经皮椎弓根螺钉和开放椎弓根螺钉系统治疗为主,但是不同内固定系统的治疗效果及置钉准确率存在争议,导致患者选择何种治疗方法缺乏统一标准。
目的:探讨经皮椎弓根螺钉和开放椎弓根螺钉系统在多节段胸腰椎骨折中的应用效果及其对置钉准确率的影响。
方法:纳入多节段胸腰椎骨折患者90例,根据置钉方法分为2组,开放椎弓根螺钉组43例采用开放椎弓根螺钉置入治疗,经皮椎弓根螺钉组47例采用经皮椎弓根螺钉置入治疗。通过比较2组围术期指标(手术时间、术后引流量、手术切口长度等)、影像学指标(伤椎前缘高度百分比、伤椎后缘高度百分比、矢状位)、术后并发症及置钉准确率等进行综合疗效分析。
结果与结论:①经皮椎弓根螺钉组术中出血量、术后引流量、手术切口长度均少(短)于开放椎弓根螺钉组(P < 0.05),但手术时间、术中透视次数长(多)于开放椎弓根螺钉组(P < 0.05);②经皮椎弓根螺钉组术后2个月伤椎前缘高度百分比、伤椎后缘高度百分比均高于开放椎弓根螺钉组(P < 0.05),但术后2个月矢状位Cobb角小于开放椎弓根螺钉组(P < 0.05);③经皮椎弓根螺钉组术后2个月并发症发生率为4%,与开放椎弓根螺钉组14%比较,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④经皮椎弓根螺钉组置钉准确率为92.1%(共置入279枚螺钉),高于开放椎弓根螺钉组77.0%(共置入257枚螺钉),差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);⑤结果提示,将经皮椎弓根螺钉系统用于修复多节段胸腰椎骨折具有创伤小、恢复快等特点,有助于伤椎复位,维持椎体高度,安全性及置钉准确率高。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-9427-2853(罗鹏刚)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 经皮椎弓根螺钉, 开放椎弓根螺钉, 多节段胸腰椎骨折, 置钉准确率, 伤椎复位, 椎体高度, 安全性

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Multilevel thoracolumbar fractures are mainly treated with percutaneous pedicle screw and open pedicle screw system, but the treatment effect of different systems and the accuracy rate of screw placement are controversial, resulting in the lack of uniform standards for choosing the treatment method.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of percutaneous pedicle screw and open pedicle screw system in the treatment of multilevel thoracolumbar fractures and to evaluate the accuracy of the screw placement.
METHODS: Totally 90 patients with multilevel thoracolumbar fractures were divided into open pedicle screw group (n=43 cases) and percutaneous pedicle screw group (n=47) according to different surgical methods. Open pedicle screw group was treated with open pedicle screw treatment, and percutaneous pedicle screw group was treated with percutaneous pedicle screw. Comprehensive effects were analyzed by comparing perioperative indicators (operation time, postoperative drainage volume, and incision length) imaging index (anterior vertebral height percentage, posterior vertebral height percentage, sagittal Cobb angle), postoperative complications, and pedicle screw accuracy.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The amount of bleeding, postoperative drainage volume, and incision length were less (shorter) in the percutaneous pedicle screw group compared with the open pedicle screw group (P < 0.05). However, operation time and the number of undergoing fluoroscopy were longer (more) in the percutaneous pedicle screw group than in the open pedicle screw group (P < 0.05). (2) Anterior vertebral height percentage and posterior vertebral height percentage were higher in the percutaneous pedicle screw group than in the open pedicle screw group (P < 0.05). Sagittal Cobb angle was smaller in the percutaneous pedicle screw group than in the open pedicle screw group (P < 0.05). (3) At 2 months after surgery, the complication rate was significantly lower in the percutaneous pedicle screw group (4%) than in the open pedicle screw group (14%) (P < 0.05). (4) The accuracy rate of pedicle screw was significantly higher in the percutaneous pedicle screw group (92.1%; 279 screws) than in the open pedicle screw group (77.0%; 257 screws) (P < 0.05). (5) Results indicated that percutaneous pedicle screw fixation is characterized by less trauma and rapid recovery in the treatment of multilevel thoracolumbar fractures. It is helpful for the reduction of the injured vertebra, the maintenance of vertebral height; the safety and the accuracy of screw placement are high.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Bone Nails, Thoracic Vertebrae, Lumbar Vertebrae, Fractures, Bone, Internal Fixators, Tissue Engineering

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