中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (35): 5195-5202.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.35.004

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

选择性神经根管减压和全椎板切除后椎弓根钉内固定修复老年腰椎管狭窄症:适应证及预后

周 立1,杨红林1,曹晓建2   

  1. 1云南省第三人民医院创伤中心,云南省昆明市   6500112南京医科大学骨科,江苏省南京市 210029
  • 修回日期:2016-06-12 出版日期:2016-08-26 发布日期:2016-08-26
  • 作者简介:周立,男,1967年生,硕士,副主任医师。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81171694)

Selective decompression of lumbar root canal and pedicle screw fixation after laminectomy for the treatment of elderly lumbar spinal stenosis: indications and prognosis

Zhou Li1, Yang Hong-lin1, Cao Xiao-jian2   

  1. 1Trauma Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650011, Yunnan Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Revised:2016-06-12 Online:2016-08-26 Published:2016-08-26
  • About author:Zhou Li, Master, Associate chief physician, Trauma Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650011, Yunnan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81171694

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
选择性神经根管减压:直视下选择性神经根管减压术是明确针对腰椎神经根管范围内的3个区域进行(入口区、中间区及出口区),其中入口区位于上关节突内侧或下方,中间区位于椎弓根下方和椎弓峡部,出口区主要指椎间孔周围的区域。因此,熟练的了解并掌握神经根管的生理解剖方法对该术式的技术成功与否至关重要。
全椎板切除:全椎板切除术切除的范围容易把握,关节突的切除为内侧1/3以内,且同时采用了椎弓根钉内固定不会引起腰椎滑脱的发生,提高手术的成功率。但由于手术步骤较为复杂,所以耗时较长,恢复会较选择减压组患者慢,但临床预后效果也很显著。
 
摘要
背景:研究发现,由于老年腰椎管狭窄症患者疾病的复杂与特殊性以及腰椎退变程度的不同,需要十分谨慎的选择修复方式与修复技术。
目的:探讨直视下选择性神经根管减压和全椎板切除修复老年腰椎管狭窄症的适应证及预后效果。
方法:回顾性分析167例老年腰椎管狭窄症患者的临床资料,其中82例患者采用直视下选择性神经根管减压治疗,为选择减压组,均有明确神经根受压,无中央管狭窄;85例行全椎板切除同时采用椎弓根钉内固定治疗,为椎板全切组,均有明显的中央管狭窄。分析对比不同修复方法所对应患者的适应证,术前、术后根据腰椎改良的日本骨科协会评分及Oswestry功能障碍指数对患者进行疗效评价。
结果与结论:①所有患者均顺利完成修复手术,治疗期间无严重手术并发症发生;②术后各时间点及末次随访时2组患者的日本骨科协会评分和Oswestry功能障碍指数均较术前显著改善(P < 0.05),2组相同时间点比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05),末次随访时2组患者的临床症状均消失或明显缓解,预后效果均显著;③结果提示,对于腰椎管狭窄症合并中央管狭窄的老年患者,行全椎板切除并椎弓根钉置入内固定疗效显著;对于神经根管狭窄明确且不合并中央管狭窄的老年患者,行直视下选择性神经根管减压治疗,疗效可靠。两种方法适合不同的患者,均是疗效可靠的修复方式。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID:
0000-0002-9167-606X(周立)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 腰椎管狭窄症, 神经根管减压术, 全椎板切除术, 适应证, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Due to complicated and special lumbar spinal stenosis disease and different degrees of lumbar degeneration in the elderly, it requires very careful choice of repair methods and repair technology.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the indications and prognosis effect of the treatments of elderly lumbar spinal stenosis by selective decompression of lumbar root canal under direct vision and laminectomy.
METHODS: Clinical data of 167 elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 82 patients were treated with selective decompression of lumbar root canal as the selective decompression group, with a clear nerve root compression but without central canal stenosis. A total of 85 patients were treated with laminectom and treated with pedicle screw fixation as the whole lamina cut group, with distinct central canal stenosis. The indications were analyzed between the two groups. Clinical effects were assessed using Japanese Orthopaedic Association and Oswestry Disability Index before and after surgery. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were operated successfully. There was no serious complication during treatment. (2) Japanese Orthopaedic Association and Oswestry Disability Index were significantly improved at last follow-up in two groups compared with preoperation (P < 0.05). No significant difference in Japanese Orthopaedic Association and Oswestry Disability Index was detected between the two groups at various time points (P > 0.05). Clinical symptoms disappeared or relieved at last follow-up in two groups. The prognosis in two groups had significantly improved. (3) Results indicated that laminectomy and pedicle screw fixation in elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis and central canal stenosis obtained significant effects. For elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis but without central canal stenosis, selective decompression of lumbar root canal under direct vision was given, and it is effective and reliable. The two methods are suitable for different patients, and are effective and reliable way to repair. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Lumbar Vertebrae, Spinal Stenosis, Laminectomy, Spinal Nerve

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