中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (24): 6373-6381.doi: 10.12307/2026.230

• 组织构建循证医学 evidence-based medicine in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

非侵入性脑刺激改善孤独症谱系障碍儿童核心症状的网状Meta分析

房恩慧,管  惠,马丽虹   

  1. 山东中医药大学康复医学院,山东省济南市   250355
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-04 修回日期:2025-10-19 出版日期:2026-08-28 发布日期:2026-02-04
  • 通讯作者: 马丽虹,教授,硕士生导师,山东中医药大学康复医学院,山东省济南市 250355
  • 作者简介:房恩慧,女,1999年生,广东省广州市人,汉族,山东中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事神经康复方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省高等医学教育研究中心科研规划项目(YJKT202112),项目负责人:马丽虹

Non-invasive brain stimulation for core symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder: a network meta-analysis

Fang Enhui, Guan Hui, Ma Lihong   

  1. School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2025-07-04 Revised:2025-10-19 Online:2026-08-28 Published:2026-02-04
  • Contact: Ma Lihong, Professor, Master’s supervisor, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Fang Enhui, MS candidate, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Research Planning Project of Shandong Higher Medical Education Research Center, No. YJKT202112 (to MLH)

摘要:


文题释义:
非侵入性脑刺激技术:是一种通过在头皮上施加电刺激或磁刺激,从而调节大脑皮质神经活动的神经调控技术,常见技术包括重复经颅磁刺激和经颅直流电刺激等。
孤独症谱系障碍:属于神经发育障碍,核心症状为社交沟通和互动障碍、局限性和重复性行为或兴趣,临床上通常表现为认知、行为、情感和语言表达障碍。

目的:已有研究证实非侵入性脑刺激能够改善孤独症儿童局限性、重复性行为和社交障碍,然而不同刺激方案的疗效存在差异。此次研究系统评价非侵入性脑刺激对孤独症儿童核心症状的疗效,并比较不同刺激方案的疗效差异。
方法:检索中国知网、维普、万方和CBM、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library和Web of Science数据库,搜集非侵入性脑刺激治疗孤独症儿童核心症状的随机对照试验,检索时限为各数据库建库至2025年3月,由2名研究者分别独立进行文献筛选、数据提取,使用Cochrane偏倚风险评价工具进行文献质量评价,采用Revman 5.4和Stata 17.0软件进行Meta分析。
结果:最终纳入27篇文献,共涉及非侵入性脑刺激的10种刺激方案,涵盖1 701例孤独症患儿。①传统Meta分析结果显示,非侵入性脑刺激在改善儿童孤独症评定量表、孤独症行为评定量表、孤独症治疗评估量表和重复刻板行为检查表评分方面效果均优于常规康复;②网状Meta分析结果显示,与常规康复相比,高频重复经颅磁刺激背外侧前额叶皮质[MD=-6.00,95%CI(-8.68,-3.33),P < 0.05,SUCRA=89.5%]改善儿童孤独症评定量表评分的效果最佳,而高频重复经颅磁刺激Broca区[MD=-15.11,95%CI(-18.28,-11.95),P < 0.05,SUCRA=91.1%]改善孤独症行为评定量表评分的效果最佳。
结论:现有证据表明,高频重复经颅磁刺激改善孤独症儿童核心症状的疗效最佳。由于纳入研究普遍存在方法学异质性较大与样本规模有限的双重局限性,未来亟待通过大样本、方法学严谨的随机对照试验进一步验证当前结论的可靠性。
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2560-9287(房恩慧);https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5434-0762(马丽虹)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 非侵入性脑刺激, 重复经颅磁刺激, 经颅直流电刺激, 经颅脉冲刺激, 孤独症谱系障碍, 核心症状, 网状Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Non-invasive brain stimulation has been shown to improve restricted, repetitive behaviors and social deficits in children with autism; however, the efficacy of different stimulation protocols varies. This study systematically evaluated the efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation on core symptoms in children with autism and compared the efficacy of different stimulation protocols.
METHODS: Comprehensive electronic searches were conducted across CNKI, VIP, WanFang, CBM, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from database inception through March 2025 to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating non-invasive brain stimulation protocols targeting core symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder. Two independent reviewers performed dual-phase screening, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool version 2.0. Both conventional and network meta-analyses were implemented through Revman 5.4 and Stata 17.0.
RESULTS: A total of 27 studies were finally included for review, involving 10 stimulation protocols of non-invasive brain stimulation and including 1 701 children with autism. (1) The results of conventional Meta-analysis showed that non-invasive brain stimulation was more effective than conventional rehabilitation in lowering the scores of Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Autism Behavior Checklist, Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist, and Repetitive Behavior Scale. (2) The results of network meta-analysis showed that, compared with conventional rehabilitation, high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [mean difference=-6.00, 95% confidence interval (-8.68, -3.33), P < 0.05, surface under the cumulative ranking curve=89.5%] had the best efficacy in lowering Childhood Autism Rating Scale scores, whereas high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of Broca [mean deviation=-15.11, 95% confidence interval (-18.28,-11.95), P < 0.05, surface under the cumulative ranking curve=91.1%] had the best efficacy in lowering Autism Behavior Checklist scores.
CONCLUSION: Current evidence has suggested that high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has the best efficacy in improving core symptoms in children with autism. Given the dual limitations of methodological heterogeneity and small sample sizes in current studies, future large-scale, rigorously designed randomized controlled trials are required to validate these findings. 

Key words: non-invasive brain stimulation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial pulse stimulation, autism spectrum disorder, core symptoms, network meta-analysis

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