中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (23): 6099-6109.doi: 10.12307/2026.360

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

经颅直流电刺激干预后非稳定杠铃卧推运动表现及肌电活动变化

王乐军,池雯欣,宋筱倩,李  倩,乔敏洁,陶海峰   

  1. 同济大学,上海市   200092
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-16 接受日期:2025-09-13 出版日期:2026-08-18 发布日期:2026-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 王乐军,博士,长聘副教授,同济大学,上海市 200092
  • 作者简介:王乐军,男,1982年生,山东省临沭县人,汉族,2013年上海体育大学毕业,博士,长聘副教授,主要从事运动生物力学方面的研究。

Performance of unstable barbell bench press and changes in electromyographic activity after transcranial direct current stimulation

Wang Lejun, Chi Wenxin, Song Xiaoqian, Li Qian, Qiao Minjie, Tao Haifeng   

  1. Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Received:2025-05-16 Accepted:2025-09-13 Online:2026-08-18 Published:2026-01-05
  • Contact: Wang Lejun, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, Chin
  • About author:Wang Lejun, PhD, Associate professor, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

摘要:



文题释义:
经颅直流刺激:是一种非侵入性脑刺激技术,它通过置于头皮的微弱电流改变大脑皮质兴奋性,加强脑网络间的联结,促进大脑更好地协调与控制人体各项生命活动。在人体运动能力提升方面,有研究表明经颅直流电刺激在增大肌肉力量、延缓肌肉疲劳、提升运动技能的习得和发展平衡、灵敏素质等方面极具价值。电流强度一般在0.5-2.0 mA之间,电流密度介于0.02-1.00 mA/cm2,电流刺激时长为3-30 min。
非稳定负荷运动:是一种需要多关节、多肌肉参与的多维度运动,可以调动部分小肌肉群对动作完成的参与,在增大肌肉力量、增强关节稳定性、提升肌肉间协调配合能力和降低运动损伤概率方面被证明有显著效果。

背景:经颅直流电刺激可以通过调节大脑皮质兴奋性提高人体运动表现,但其对非稳定负荷运动任务表现的影响仍不明确。
目的:探讨经颅直流电刺激对非稳定杠铃卧推运动表现及肌电活动的影响。
方法:采用随机、自身对照交叉试验设计,22名男性大学生受试者接受随机的真刺激(阳极刺激)和假刺激2种经颅直流电刺激干预,分别在经颅直流电刺激干预后对受试者进行非稳定杠铃卧推疲劳试验,记录完成卧推动作的次数和卧推运动中杠铃杆的加速度,作为反映非稳定杠铃卧推负荷任务运动表现和动作稳定性控制能力表现的指标。此外,采集运动过程中右侧肱二头肌、肱三头肌、三角肌前束、三角肌后束以及胸大肌的表面肌电信号。采用配对t检验对真、假刺激条件下的卧推次数差异性进行检验;采用重复测量设计的方差分析对三轴加速度、主动肌激活水平和拮抗肌共激活水平等指标的差异性进行检验。
结果与结论:①真、假刺激干预后受试者卧推杠铃次数无显著差异,但经颅直流电刺激真刺激干预后Y轴的加速度平均幅值均显著小于经颅直流电刺激假刺激时;②经颅直流电刺激真刺激干预显著提升了三角肌前束的激活水平和三角肌后束的共激活水平;除三角肌后束外,各测试肌肉运动后半段的激活水平显著高于运动前半段;③经颅直流电刺激干预和运动阶段对各测试指标的影响无显著的交互作用;④提示经颅直流电刺激对非稳定杠铃卧推运动的肌肉耐力表现并无显著影响,但可以提高动作的稳定性,这可能与经颅直流电刺激可以显著提高三角肌前束激活水平和三角肌后束共激活水平,进而提高肩关节的刚度和稳定性有关;在竞技体育和临床康复训练中,可以根据训练目的考虑采用经颅直流电刺激调控非稳定负荷运动任务的表现。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4206-8970 (王乐军)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 经颅直流电刺激, 真刺激, 假刺激, 非稳定负荷运动任务, 动作稳定性, 表面肌电信号

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Transcranial direct current stimulation can enhance human motor performance by modulating cortical excitability, but its impact on the performance of unstable resistance exercise remains unclear. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on unstable barbell bench press performance and electromyographic activity. 
METHODS: A randomized, self-controlled crossover design was employed. Twenty-two male college students were randomly assigned to receive either active anodal transcranial direct current stimulation or sham stimulation. After transcranial direct current stimulation interventions, subjects performed a fatigue test involving the unstable barbell bench press. Performance during the unstable barbell bench press task was assessed by recording both the number of completed repetitions and barbell acceleration, serving as indicators of load capacity and movement stability control. In addition, surface electromyographic signals were collected from the right biceps brachii, triceps brachii, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid, and pectoralis major during the exercise. A paired t-test was used to examine differences in repetition counts between true and sham stimulation conditions. Repeated measures analysis of variance was applied to analyze differences in triaxial acceleration, agonist muscle activation levels, and antagonist co-activation levels. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) No significant difference in the number of barbell bench press repetitions was observed between the true and sham stimulation conditions. However, the mean amplitude of Y-axis acceleration was substantially lower in the true stimulation group than the sham stimulation group. (2) True transcranial direct current stimulation markedly increased the activation level of the anterior deltoid and the co-activation level of the posterior deltoid. Except for the posterior deltoid, the activation and co-activation levels of the tested muscles were markedly higher during the latter half of the exercise compared with the initial half. (3) There were no significant interaction effects between transcranial direct current stimulation intervention and exercise phase on the measured parameters. (4) These findings indicate that transcranial direct current stimulation has no significant impact on muscle endurance performance during unstable barbell bench press exercises, but can enhance movement stability. This improvement may be attributed to the significant increase in the activation levels of the anterior deltoid and the co-activation of the posterior deltoid, leading to greater shoulder joint stiffness and stability. In competitive sports and clinical rehabilitation training, transcranial direct current stimulation can be employed to modulate performance during unstable resistance exercise according to the training goals. 

Key words: transcranial direct current stimulation, true stimulation, sham stimulation, unstable resistance exercise, movement stability, surface electromyography

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