中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 1714-1726.doi: 10.12307/2025.312

• 组织构建循证医学 evidence-based medicine in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

运动疗法对前交叉韧带重建后康复疗效影响的网状Meta分析

王  娟,王广兰,左会武   

  1. 武汉体育学院运动医学院,湖北省武汉市  430079
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-07 接受日期:2024-03-29 出版日期:2025-03-18 发布日期:2024-07-06
  • 通讯作者: 王广兰,教授,武汉体育学院运动医学院,湖北省武汉市 430079 并列通讯作者:左会武,硕士,武汉体育学院运动医学院,湖北省武汉市 430079
  • 作者简介:王娟,女,1984年生,湖北省武汉市人,汉族,硕士,中级实验师,主要从事运动损伤与康复相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省教育厅教学研究项目(2021407),项目负责人:王娟

Efficacy of exercise therapy in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients: #br# a network meta-analysis #br#

Wang Juan, Wang Guanglan, Zuo Huiwu   

  1. School of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2024-03-07 Accepted:2024-03-29 Online:2025-03-18 Published:2024-07-06
  • Contact: Wang Guanglan, Professor, School of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China Corresponding author: Zuo Huiwu, Master, School of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Wang Juan, Master, Intermediate experimentalist, School of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Teaching and Research Project of Hubei Province Department of Education, No. 2021407 (to WJ)

摘要:


文题释义:
运动疗法:通过某些运动方式,使患者获得全身或局部运动功能和感觉功能恢复的训练方法。
前交叉韧带重建:前交叉韧带断裂后,通过外科手术的方法对前交叉韧带进行重建,通常使用自体肌腱、同种异体肌腱和人工韧带等作为重建移植物,以此来恢复韧带的宏观结构,被认为是恢复伤前运动水平的金标准。

目的:运动干预被认为是前交叉韧带重建后康复的基础。然而,关于何种运动疗法在改善前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节肌肉力量和功能方面更有效,目前仍未得出明确结论。为此,文章采用网状Meta分析方法,比较运动疗法治疗前交叉韧带重建后的疗效,为选择最佳运动疗法提供循证医学依据。
方法:计算机检索PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,The Cochrane Library及EBSCO数据库运动疗法治疗前交叉韧带重建后的随机对照试验,检索时限均从建库至2023-11-20。结局指标包括股四头肌肌力、腘绳肌肌力、膝关节功能评分3个连续性变量。运用EndNote X9.1软件筛选文献。采用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具对纳入的文献进行质量评价,根据GRADE评分对文章结果的证据强度进行评级,采用Stata 16.0 进行网状Meta分析。
结果:①共纳入36项随机对照试验,包括1 179例前交叉韧带重建后患者,纳入文献整体质量中等;涉及9种运动疗法:等速训练、交叉训练、离心训练、水中康复、血流限制训练、运动控制训练、增强式训练、全身振动训练和综合训练;对照措施为常规康复训练。②网状Meta分析结果显示:与常规康复训练相比,离心训练(SMD=2.08,95%CI:0.56-3.60,P=0.007)对前交叉韧带重建后患者股四头肌肌力的改善效果最佳,其次是综合训练(SMD=1.69,95%CI:0.11-3.27,P=0.249)和全身振动训练(SMD=0.81,95%CI:0.11-1.51,P=0.042);在提升患者腘绳肌肌力方面,综合训练(SMD=2.08,95%CI:0.30-3.86,P=0.022)效果最佳,其次是增强式训练(SMD=1.51,95%CI:0.18-2.84,P=0.026)和等速训练(SMD=1.37,95%CI:0.06-2.67,P=0.039);综合训练(SMD=4.60,95%CI:2.40-6.80,P < 0.001)改善膝关节功能评分最有效,其次是离心训练(SMD=1.75,95%CI:0.24-3.25,P=0.023)和水中康复(SMD=1.65,95%CI:0.07-3.24,P=0.041)。
结论:低到中等强度的临床证据证实,在改善前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节肌肉力量和功能方面,综合训练可能是最有效的运动疗法,其次是离心训练、增强式训练、等速训练、全身振动训练、水中康复。未来仍需更多高质量的临床随机对照试验来验证结论的可靠性。
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6653-5769(王娟);https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0263-6795(王广兰);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4949-190X(左会武)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 运动疗法, 前交叉韧带, 前交叉韧带重建, 肌肉力量, 股四头肌肌力, 腘绳肌肌力, 膝关节功能, 随机对照试验, 网状Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Exercise intervention is considered the cornerstone of rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. However, no clear conclusion has been reached regarding which exercise therapy is more effective in improving knee muscle strength and function in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. To this end, this study used a network meta-analysis method to compare the efficacy of exercise therapy after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, providing evidence-based medical basis for selecting the best exercise therapy.
METHODS: A computer search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and EBSCO to collect randomized controlled trials addressing exercise therapy following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to 2023-11-20. Outcome indicators included three continuous variables: quadriceps muscle strength, hamstring muscle strength, and knee joint function score. EndNote X9.1 was used for literature screening. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature. The GRADE score was used to rate the strength of evidence for the results of the article. Network meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0.
RESULTS: A total of 36 randomized controlled trials were included, involving 1 179 patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The overall quality of the included literature was moderate. Nine types of exercise therapies were involved: isokinetic training, cross training, eccentric training, aquatic rehabilitation, blood flow restriction training, motor control training, plyometric training, whole-body vibration training, and multimodal training; the control measure was conventional rehabilitation training. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional rehabilitation training, eccentric training [standardized mean difference (SMD)=2.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56 to 3.60, P=0.007) had the best improvement effect on quadriceps muscle strength in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, followed by multimodal training (SMD=1.69, 95% CI: 0.11 to 3.27, P=0.249) and whole body vibration training (SMD=0.81, 95% CI: 0.11 to 1.51, P=0.042). In terms of improving patients’ hamstring muscle strength, multimodal training (SMD=2.08, 95% CI: 0.30 to 3.86, P=0.022) had the best effect, followed by plyometric training (SMD=1.51, 95% CI: 0.18 to 2.84, P=0.026) and isokinetic training (SMD=1.37, 95% CI: 0.06 to 2.67, P=0.039). Multimodal training (SMD=4.60, 95% CI: 2.40 to 6.80, P < 0.001) was the most effective in improving knee joint function scores, followed by eccentric training (SMD=1.75, 95% CI: 0.24 to 3.25, P=0.023) and aquatic rehabilitation (SMD=1.65, 95% CI: 0.07 to 3.24, P=0.041).
CONCLUSION: Evidence of low to moderate strength suggests that multimodal training may be the most effective exercise therapy in improving knee muscle strength and function in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, followed by eccentric training, plyometric training, isokinetic training, whole body vibration training, and aquatic rehabilitation. More high-quality clinical randomized controlled trials are still needed in the future to verify the reliability of the conclusions.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: exercise therapy, anterior cruciate ligament, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, muscle strength, quadriceps strength, hamstring strength, knee joint function, randomized controlled trial, network meta-analysis

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