中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (13): 3226-3232.doi: 10.12307/2026.583

• 骨髓干细胞 bone marrow stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

细胞外基质硬度影响骨髓基质干细胞的增殖活性

高  丰1,王纪亮1,王洪波1,杨永胜1,刘  源1,付  苏2    

  1. 1内蒙古自治区中医医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市  010000;2郑州大学第一附属医院骨科,河南省郑州市  450000
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-20 修回日期:2025-04-25 接受日期:2025-05-29 出版日期:2026-05-08 发布日期:2025-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 高丰,硕士,主治医师,内蒙古自治区中医医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010000
  • 作者简介:高丰,男,1986年生,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市人,汉族,2019年大连大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨质疏松研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2020M682359),项目负责人:付苏

Extracellular matrix stiffness affects the proliferation activity of bone marrow stromal stem cells

Gao Feng1, Wang Jiliang1, Wang Hongbo1, Yang Yongsheng1, Liu Yuan1, Fu Su2   

  1. 1Inner Mongolia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2025-02-20 Revised:2025-04-25 Accepted:2025-05-29 Online:2026-05-08 Published:2025-12-24
  • Contact: Gao Feng, MD, Attending physician, Inner Mongolia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Gao Feng, MD, Attending physician, Inner Mongolia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (General Project), No. 2020M682359 (to FS)

摘要:


文题释义:

YAP蛋白:Hippo信号通路中起核心作用的开关蛋白,激活后转移到细胞核内激活靶基因。
初级纤毛:真核细胞的长形力学感受性细胞器,介导力学信号转导及Hedghog等多种信号通路。
鞭毛转运系统:初级纤毛的核心轴丝动力系统,维持初级纤毛长度的动态平衡。

摘要
背景:组织工程支架的物理特性可直接影响种子细胞活性及修复效果,其中细胞外基质硬度是影响种子细胞增殖活性的关键因素,初级纤毛和YAP蛋白作为经典的力学感受器及下游转导因子,可能直接介导了这一机制。
目的:探讨细胞外基质硬度对骨髓基质干细胞增殖活性的调控作用及相关机制。
方法:骨髓基质干细胞传代后接种于不同硬度(软、中度、硬)的聚二甲基硅氧烷基底膜进行培养,CCK-8测定细胞增殖活性,qRT-PCR检测增殖基因c-myc和CCND1的转录活性,Western blot检测Wnt/β-catenin通路激活情况,通过乙酰化α-tubulin及YAP免疫荧光染色评估初级纤毛及YAP蛋白表达。骨髓基质干细胞传代后接种于不同硬度(软、硬)的聚二甲基硅氧烷基底膜进行培养,然后使用siRNA干扰YAP蛋白表达,Western blot检测YAP、磷酸化GSK-3β、β-catenin蛋白表达,qRT-PCR检测c-myc和CCND1的转录活性,乙酰化α-tubulin免疫荧光染色分析初级纤毛长度。
结果与结论:硬性聚二甲基硅氧烷条件下的细胞增殖活性、c-myc和CCND1的转录活性显著高于软性、中等硬度聚二甲基硅氧烷,且Wnt/β-catenin通路激活程度强于软性、中等硬度聚二甲基硅氧烷;免疫荧光染色结果显示,硬性聚二甲基硅氧烷诱导了初级纤毛缩短和YAP蛋白阳性细胞增多。通过siRNA干扰YAP蛋白表达后,YAP、磷酸化GSK-3β、β-catenin蛋白表达以及c-myc和CCND1转录活性的组间差异性消失,伴随初级纤毛长度差异消失。结果表明,细胞外基质硬度通过YAP蛋白/初级纤毛新机制,直接调控骨髓基质干细胞的增殖活性。

关键词: 聚二甲基硅氧烷, 硬度, 骨髓基质干细胞, 增殖, YAP蛋白, 初级纤毛, β-catenin, Wnt通路, 细胞外基质

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In tissue engineering bone construction, the physical properties of the scaffold can directly affect the activity and repair effect of seed cells, among which extracellular matrix hardness is a key factor affecting seed cell proliferation activity. Primary cilia and YAP proteins have been shown to be classical mechanoreceptors and downstream transduction factors, which may directly mediate this mechanism.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory effect of extracellular matrix hardness on the proliferation activity of bone marrow stromal stem cells and the related mechanisms.
METHODS: Bone marrow stromal stem cells were passaged and seeded under different hardness of polydimethylsiloxane extracellular matrix conditions (soft, median, and rigid) for culture. Cell proliferation activity was detected using CCK-8 assay. Transcriptional activity of proliferation genes myc and CCND1 was measured using qRT-PCR. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway was evaluated using western blot assay. Primary cilia and YAP protein expression levels were evaluated by acetylated α-tubulin and YAP immunofluorescence staining. After passage, bone marrow stromal stem cells were inoculated on polydimethylsiloxane-based membranes of different hardness (soft and hard) for culture. Then siRNA was used to interfere with YAP protein expression. Western blot assay was used to detect YAP, phosphorylated GSK-3β, and β-catenin protein expression. qRT-PCR was used to detect the transcriptional activity of c-myc and CCND1. The length of primary cilia was analyzed after immunofluorescence staining of acetylated α-tubulin.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cell proliferation activity, c-myc and CCND1 transcriptional activities under hard polydimethylsiloxane were significantly higher than those under soft and medium hard polydimethylsiloxane, and the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway was stronger than that under soft and medium hard polydimethylsiloxane. Immunofluorescence staining results showed that hard polydimethylsiloxane induced the shortening of primary cilia and the increase of YAP protein-positive cells. After interfering with YAP protein expression by siRNA, the inter-group differences in YAP, phosphorylated GSK-3β, β-catenin protein expression, and c-myc and CCND1 transcriptional activities disappeared, accompanied by the disappearance of primary cilia length differences. The results show that the hardness of the extracellular matrix directly regulates the proliferation activity of bone marrow stromal stem cells through the new mechanism of YAP protein/primary cilia.


Key words: polydimethylsiloxane, stiffness, bone marrow stromal stem cell, proliferation, YAP protein, primary cilium, β-catenin, Wnt pathway, extracellular matrix

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