中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 917-927.doi: 10.12307/2025.236

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

瓜蒌-薤白调节肠道菌群治疗冠心病模型大鼠的作用及机制

孙广瀚1,谢珍聪1,孙  咪2,徐  洋3,郭  栋2   

  1. 1山东中医药大学第一临床医学院,山东省济南市  250014;山东中医药大学,2教师发展中心,3药物研究院,山东省济南市  250355
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-16 接受日期:2024-02-08 出版日期:2025-02-18 发布日期:2024-06-01
  • 通讯作者: 郭栋,博士,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,山东中医药大学教师发展中心,山东省济南市 250355 并列通讯作者:徐洋,博士,讲师,山东中医药大学药物研究院,山东省济南市 250355
  • 作者简介:孙广瀚,男,1995年生,江苏省宝应县人,汉族,山东中医药大学第一临床医学院在读博士,主要从事慢病中医药健康管理的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家中医药管理局中医全科医学重点学科项目(220254),项目负责人:郭栋

Therapeutic effect and mechanism by which Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus regulates gut microbiota in a rat model of coronary heart disease #br#
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Sun Guanghan1, Xie Zhencong1, Sun Mi2, Xu Yang3, Guo Dong2   

  1. 1The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China; 2Teacher Development Center, 3Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2024-01-16 Accepted:2024-02-08 Online:2025-02-18 Published:2024-06-01
  • Contact: Guo Dong, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Teacher Development Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China Co-corresponding author: Xu Yang, MD, Lecturer, Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Sun Guanghan, MD candidate, The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Key Discipline Program of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 220254 (to GD)

摘要:




文题释义:
瓜蒌-薤白:通过相互依赖、相互制约,以增强治疗痰瘀互结心血管疾病效果的经典药对。在瓜蒌-薤白白酒汤、瓜蒌-薤白半夏汤、枳实薤白桂枝汤等经典方剂中处于核心地位,反映所治病证的病机特点、治疗大法和配伍原则。
心合小肠:这一理论始载于《灵枢·本输》,认为心与小肠不仅在经络上相互属络而成表里关系,而且在生理与病理上也有密切的联系。现代医学提出肠心轴学说,即肠道菌群可以通过影响脂质代谢、自主神经系统等多个机制影响心血管系统,诠释了中医“心合小肠”的科学性。

背景:基于网络药理学方法发现瓜蒌-薤白药对中主要生物活性化合物对冠心病有多功能作用;然而其治疗冠心病的机制尚未得到充分阐释。
目的:探讨瓜蒌-薤白通过调节肠道微生物的组成改善冠心病的作用及机制。
方法:40只SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为空白组、模型组、阳性药组、药对组,除空白组外,其余大鼠连续灌胃脂肪乳剂和注射垂体后叶素制备冠心病大鼠模型。造模后模型组大鼠灌胃蒸馏水(10 mL/kg)进行对照,阳性药组大鼠每日灌胃辛伐他汀4 mg/kg,药对组每日灌胃瓜蒌-薤白7.56 g/kg,各组大鼠给药均为14 d。观察大鼠心电图、心肌病理及血脂变化,并通过16S rDNA测序技术研究大鼠经干预后肠道微生物结构。
结果与结论:①心电图结果显示模型组ST抬高;阳性药组与药对组心电图无明显问题。②与空白组相比,模型组总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均显著增高(P < 0.05);与模型组相比,阳性药组、药对组总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均显著下降(P < 0.05)。③与空白组相比,模型组局灶心肌细胞坏死;阳性药组、药对组部分心肌细胞走行紊乱。④与空白组比较,模型组、药对组及阳性药组的Ace、Shannon、Chao指数升高(P < 0.05),Simpson指数降低(P < 0.05);与模型组比较,阳性药组、药对组的Ace、Chao指数降低(P < 0.05),Shannon指数无差异(P > 0.05),Simpson指数降低(P < 0.05)。⑤与空白组相比,模型组Desulfovibrionia、Muribaculaceae_norank等相对丰度升高,Clostridia、[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group_norank等相对丰度降低;与模型组相比,药对组WPS-2_norank、Muribaculaceae_norank等相对丰度升高,Clostridia、[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group_norank等相对丰度降低;阳性药组Desulfobacterota、[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group_norank等相对丰度升高,Firmicutes、Muribaculaceae_norank等相对丰度降低;与阳性药相比,药对组Desulfobacterota、Bacteroides等相对丰度升高,Firmicutes、[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group_norank等相对丰度降低;LEfSe结果发现差异显著的种群富集于药对组最多,其次是空白组、阳性药组,模型组最少。⑥结论:瓜蒌-薤白可以通过调节肠道菌群改善冠心病的发生发展,为进一步研发瓜蒌-薤白提供新的启示。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-2291(孙广瀚)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: “瓜蒌-薤白”药对, 16S rDNA, 冠心病, 肠道菌群, 大鼠

Abstract: BACKGROUND: A network-based pharmacological approach has identified multifunctional effects of the main bioactive compounds in the Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus on coronary heart disease; however, the mechanism of its therapeutic effect on coronary heart disease has not been fully elucidated.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role and mechanism of Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus in improving coronary heart disease by regulating the composition of gut microbiota.
METHODS: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: blank control group (n=10), model group (n=10), positive drug group (n=10), and medicine pair group (n=10). A rat model of coronary heart disease was established by continuous gastric perfusion of fat emulsion and injection of pituitrin. After modeling, rats in the model group were gavaged with distilled water (10 mL/kg) for control, rats in the positive drug group were gavaged with simvastatin 4 mg/kg per day, and rats in the medicine pair group were gavaged with Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus pairs 7.56 g/kg per day. All interventions lasted for 14 days. Electrocardiograms and myocardial pathology were observed, and blood lipid levels were measured. The structure of gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing technology.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Electrocardiogram results showed ST segment elevation in the model group. There were no significant abnormalities in the electrocardiograms of the positive drug group and medicine pair group. Compared with the blank control group, the levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly lower in the positive drug group and medicine pair group (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, focal myocardial cell necrosis was observed in the model group, while partial myocardial cell disarray was observed in the positive drug group and medicine pair group. Compared with the blank control group, the Ace, Shannon, and Chao indices were increased (P < 0.05) and the Simpson index was decreased (P < 0.05) in the model group, positive drug group and medicine pair group. Compared with the model group, the Ace and Chao indices were decreased (P < 0.05), while the Shannon index showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) and the Simpson index was also decreased (P < 0.05) in the positive drug group and medicine pair group. Compared with the blank control group, the relative abundances of Desulfovibrionia, Muribaculaceae_norank, etc. were increased in the model group, while those of Clostridia, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group_norank, etc. were decreased. Compared with the model group, the relative abundances of WPS-2_norank, Muribaculaceae_norank, etc. were increased in the medicine pair group, while those of Clostridia, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group_norank, etc. were decreased; the relative abundances of Desulfobacterota, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group_norank, etc. were increased in the positive drug group, while those of Firmicutes, Muribaculaceae_norank, etc. were decreased. Compared with the positive drug group, the relative abundances of Desulfobacterota, Bacteroides, etc. were increased in the medicine pair group, while those of Firmicutes, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group_norank, etc. were decreased. The LEfSe results showed that the medicine pair group had the highest microbial enrichment, followed by the blank control group and positive drug group, with the model group having the lowest microbial enrichment. To conclude, Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus pairs can improve the development of coronary heart disease by regulating gut microbiota composition, providing new insights for further research and development of Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus pairs.

Key words: Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus, 16S rDNA, coronary heart disease, gut microbiota, rat

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