中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (18): 2865-2870.doi: 10.12307/2024.042

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

伤椎置钉结合经椎弓根打压植骨治疗Ⅲ期Kümmell病:快速恢复脊柱稳定

郑雪静1,梅  伟2,朱彦谕3,包肖肖1,张振辉4,王庆德4   

  1. 1河南中医药大学第二临床医学院,河南省郑州市   450046;2郑州人民医院,河南省郑州市   450002;3周口市中心医院骨科,河南省周口市  466099;4郑州市骨科医院脊柱外科,河南省郑州市   450052
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-15 接受日期:2023-04-20 出版日期:2024-06-28 发布日期:2023-08-24
  • 通讯作者: 王庆德,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,郑州市骨科医院脊柱外科,河南省郑州市 450052
  • 作者简介:郑雪静,女,1993年生,河南省郑州市人,汉族,河南中医药大学在读硕士。

Stage III Kümmell’s disease treated with injured-vertebra screw placement combined with transpedicular impaction bone grafting: quick restoration of spinal stability

Zheng Xuejing1, Mei Wei2, Zhu Yanyu3, Bao Xiaoxiao1, Zhang Zhenhui4, Wang Qingde4   

  1. 1Second Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China; 2Zhengzhou People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou 466099, Henan Province, China; 4Department of Spinal Surgery, Zhengzhou Orthopaedics Hospital, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2023-02-15 Accepted:2023-04-20 Online:2024-06-28 Published:2023-08-24
  • Contact: Wang Qingde, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Spinal Surgery, Zhengzhou Orthopaedics Hospital, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Zheng Xuejing, Master candidate, Second Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

Ⅲ期Kümmell病:是Kümmell病经典的三期分型中最严重的的一种类型,表现为骨折椎体后壁不完整,椎体骨发生坏死性塌陷不愈合,对硬膜囊形成缓慢压迫,多数患者无相应的脊髓、神经损伤症状。
Ⅲ期Kümmell病的治疗:虽然后路截骨术和后路椎体次全切术都可以充分矫正后凸,彻底神经减压,但对于合并症多的老年人来说手术创伤过大、并发症多、风险高,术后容易出现螺钉松动、植骨塌陷和椎体高度的丢失等问题。因而,此次研究经椎弓根打压植骨旨在减少创伤,重建脊柱稳定,有效地神经减压和矫正后凸畸形。


背景:Ⅲ期Kümmell病的特点是椎体压缩程度高且伴有后壁缺损,患者多为伴有严重骨质疏松症且合并多种内科疾病的老年人,临床上一些手术方式往往风险较高,存在争议。

目的:探讨伤椎置钉结合经椎弓根打压植骨治疗Ⅲ期Kümmell病的临床疗效。
方法:回顾性分析在2016年5月至2021年8月收治的Ⅲ期Kümmell病患者行伤椎置钉结合经椎弓根打压植骨治疗的临床资料。比较手术前后患者的疼痛目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数、伤椎前缘高度、后凸Cobb角和美国脊髓损伤协会(ASIA)脊髓功能分级来评价手术效果;记录患者手术时间、术中出血量及并发症情况;末次随访时根据CT扫描评估植骨椎体的骨性愈合情况。

结果与结论:①共纳入26例患者,其中男7例,女19例;年龄62-81岁,平均(69.7±4.8)岁;随访时间18-60个月,平均(35.1±8.9)个月;平均手术时间及术中出血量分别为133.5 min(100-165 min)、285.3 mL(210-350 mL);②与术前相比,患者在术后1周和末次随访时的目测类比评分及Oswestry功能障碍指数均明显降低;③术后1周平均矫正伤椎前缘高度和后凸Cobb角分别为(9.0±0.7) mm和(16.2±1.0)°,随访期内矫正的高度和角度分别丢失(5.1±0.3) mm和(8.0±0.4)°;④14例(54%)术前ASIA分级为D级的患者在末次随访时均恢复至为E级,CT扫描可见所有患者植骨椎体均实现良好的骨性愈合;⑤共7例(27%)患者发生并发症,2例患者围术期发生坠积性肺炎,2例患者因浅表伤口组织液化延迟愈合,3例患者在随访期内发生内固定邻近节段椎体骨折;⑥提示伤椎置钉结合经椎弓根打压植骨治疗Ⅲ期Kümmell病能够快速恢复脊柱稳定,有效缓解患者疼痛并改善神经功能,是一种可以选择的有效且相对微创的治疗方式。

https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3554-4418 (郑雪静) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: Ⅲ期Kümmell病, 伤椎置钉, 经椎弓根打压植骨, 骨折愈合, 神经功能

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Stage III Kümmell’s disease is characterized by a high degree of vertebral compression and posterior wall defects. Most of the patients are elderly people with severe osteoporosis and various medical diseases. Clinically, some surgical methods are often at high risk and are controversial.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of screw placement combined with transpedicular impaction bone grafting in the treatment of stage III Kümmell’s disease. 
METHODS: The clinical data of injured vertebral screw placement combined with transpedicular impaction bone grafting in treatment of stage III Kummell’s disease from May 2016 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Visual analog scale score, Oswestry disability index, anterior vertebral heights, kyphotic Cobb angle and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale were used to evaluate the effects of surgery. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and complications were recorded. CT scans were used to evaluate the healing of injured vertebrae at the final follow-up visit. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 26 patients were included, with 7 males and 19 females, at the age range of 62-81 years [mean (69.7±4.8) years]. The follow-up time was 18-60 months [mean (35.1±8.9) months]. The average operative duration was 133.5 minutes (100-165 minutes), and the average intraoperative blood loss was 285.3 mL (210-350 mL). (2) Visual analog scale and Oswestry disability index scores 1 week after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery. (3) At 1 week after surgery, the anterior vertebral height corrections and the Cobb angle were (9.0±0.7) mm and (16.2±1.0)°, respectively. During the follow-up period, the loss of vertebral height and kyphosis correction were (5.1±0.3) mm and (8.0±0.4)°, respectively. (4) 14 patients (54%) had ASIA grade D before operation, which recovered to grade E at the last follow-up. CT scan showed that all patients achieved good osseous union. (5) Complications occurred in seven patients (27%), including hypostatic pneumonia in two cases, postoperative superficial wound tissue liquefaction in two cases, and adjacent vertebral compression fractures in three cases. (6) It is concluded that screw placement of the injured vertebra combined with transpedicular impaction bone grafting can rapidly rebuild spinal stability, effectively relieve pain and improve neurological function in the treatment of stage III Kümmell’s disease. This technique is an effective and relatively minimally invasive surgical option.

Key words: stage III Kümmell’s disease, injured vertebra screw placement, transpedicular impaction bone grafting, fracture healing, neurological function

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