中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (18): 2849-2853.doi: 10.12307/2022.693

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

双枚克氏针与双固定螺钉治疗末节指骨基底部撕脱性骨折的比较

苟永胜,丁柯元,许圣茜,李海波,钟  刚,李  良,滕  林   

  1. 成都市双流区第一人民医院(四川大学华西空港医院)骨科,四川省成都市   610200
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-11 接受日期:2021-10-11 出版日期:2022-06-28 发布日期:2022-01-29
  • 作者简介:苟永胜,男,1977年生,四川省南充市人,汉族,2008年第四军医大学毕业,硕士,主任医师,主要从事骨科创伤专业研究。

Comparison of double Kirschner wire with double screw fixation in the treatment of avulsion fracture at the base of the distal phalanx

Gou Yongsheng, Ding Keyuan, Xu Shengqian, Li Haibo, Zhong Gang, Li Liang, Teng Lin   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, West China (Airport) Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610200, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2021-08-11 Accepted:2021-10-11 Online:2022-06-28 Published:2022-01-29
  • About author:Gou Yongsheng, Master, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, West China (Airport) Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610200, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
双固定螺钉:是一种带缝线的锚钉,一根或多根缝线被装配到一个插入器上的附属非吸收性超强Ultrabriad缝线,缝线锚钉将被指定用于把软组织重新牢固地固定在骨面上。双固定螺钉系统有带针和不带针两种,应用于开放或关节镜下韧带或肌腱修复,多种直径规格应用于不同部位和不同的骨质。特有的高低双重螺纹设计,锚钉周围压缩骨的区域更大,失效负载更高,带来高强度固定。
Doyle分型:Ⅰ型为闭合损伤,合并或者不合并背侧小骨块的撕脱骨折;Ⅱ型为开放伤-肌腱缺损;Ⅲ为开放伤合并皮肤、皮下组织及肌腱缺损;Ⅳ型为Mallet骨折,其中ⅣA型为儿童经骺板的骨折,ⅣB型为过屈位损伤合并软骨骨折面积在20%-50%,ⅣC型为过屈位损伤合并软骨骨折面积在50%,同时存在早期或迟发远节指骨背向半脱位。

背景:近年来,微型双固定螺钉临床应用于治疗末节指骨基底部撕脱性骨折取得一定疗效,但与传统双枚克氏治疗比较,哪种治疗方法的疗效更优,鲜见相关研究报道。
目的:对比分析双枚克氏针与双固定螺钉治疗末节指骨基底部撕脱性骨折的临床疗效。
方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2020年1月到成都市双流区第一人民医院(四川大学华西空港医院)就诊,行手术治疗的末节指骨基底部撕脱性骨折患者共71例,其中双枚克氏针治疗组36例,双固定螺钉治疗组35例。记录患指的伸屈活动度、疼痛度、满意度及并发症等,采用Crawford评估患者的总体疗效,采用Buck-Gramcko评估患者治疗后主观疗效。
结果与结论:①双枚克氏针组获随访6-15个月,平均(8.89±1.75)个月;双固定螺钉组获随访6-16个月,平均(8.77±1.70)个月;②两组目测类比评分比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③依据Crawford疗效评估,双枚克氏针组优良率为34/36(94%),双固定螺钉组优良率为30/35(86%),差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③Buck-Gramcko评估主观疗效,双枚克氏针组优良率为33/36(92%),双固定螺钉组优良率为31/35(89%),差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④双固定螺钉组术后指甲畸形发生率、锤指畸形复发发生率、切口感染发生率大于双枚克氏针组,但差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);双固定螺钉组线结外露发生率明显高于双枚克氏针组(P=0.025);双枚克氏针组术后并发症的总发生率小于双固定螺钉组(P=0.029);⑤结果表明,采用双枚克氏针与微型双固定螺钉治疗末节指骨基底部撕脱性骨折疗效相当,但微型双固定螺钉治疗存在较高并发症发生率,尤其是线结外露比例偏高。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0469-4789 (苟永胜) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 固定, 植入物, 指骨骨折, 克氏针, 螺钉, 肌腱损伤, 指伸肌腱

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, miniature double screw fixation has achieved certain effects on the treatment of avulsion fracture at the base of the distal phalanx. However, by comparing miniature double screw fixation with Kirschner wire fixation, which treatment method has better curative effect is rarely reported.  
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of double Kirschner wire and miniature double screw fixation in the treatment of avulsion fracture at the base of distal phalanx.
METHODS: Clinical data from 71 patients with avulsion fracture at the base of the distal phalanx who received surgical treatment at West China (Airport) Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2012 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 36 patients in double Kirschner wire group and 35 patients in double screw fixation group. The extensor flexor motion range, pain degree, satisfaction degree, and complications of the affected fingers were recorded. Overall therapeutic efficacy and subjective efficacy were evaluated using Crawford method and Buck-Gramcko, respectively.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Patients in the double Kirschner wire group were followed up for 6-15 months, with an average of (8.89±1.75) months, while patients in the double screw fixation group were followed up for 6-16 months, with an average of (8.77±1.70) months. There was no significant difference in visual analogue scale scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). According to the Crawford evaluation criteria, the excellent rates of the double Kirschner wire group and the double screw fixation group were 34/36(94%) and 30/35(86%), respectively. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). According to the Buck-Gramcko evaluation criteria, the excellent rate was 33/36 (92%) in the double Kirschner wire group and 31/35 (89%) in the double screw fixation group, with no significant difference (P > 0.05). The incidence of postoperative nail deformity, recurrence rate of hammer-finger deformity and incidence of incision infection in the double screw fixation group were higher than those in the double Kirschner wire group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of suture exposure in the double screw fixation group was significantly higher than that in the double Kirschner wire group (P=0.025). The total incidence of postoperative complications in the double Kirschner wire group was lower than that in the double screw fixation group (P=0.029). To conclude, double Kirschner wire and miniature double screw fixation has the same effect in the treatment of avulsion fracture at the base of the distal phalanx with, but miniature double screw fixation has a higher incidence of complications, especially a higher proportion of suture exposure.

Key words: bone, fixation, implant, phalangeal fracture, kirschner wire, screw, tendon injury, extensor tendon

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