中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (8): 1282-1290.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1054

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

后交叉韧带保留型假体对比后稳定型假体用于全膝关节置换的Meta分析

史俊恒1,钟的桂1,范智荣1,黄永铨2   

  1. 1广州中医药大学,广东省广州市 510006;2广东省中医院,广东省广州市 510120
  • 出版日期:2019-03-18 发布日期:2019-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 黄永铨,硕士,广东省中医院,广东省广州市 510120
  • 作者简介:史俊恒,男,1989年生,广州中医药大学在读博士,主要从事针灸学方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    广东省中医药局科研项目(20182043),项目负责人:黄永铨

Posterior cruciate-retaining versus posterior cruciate-stabilized prostheses for total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis

Shi Junheng1, Zhong Degui1, Fan Zhirong1, Huang Yongquan2   

  1. 1Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; 2Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2019-03-18 Published:2019-03-18
  • Contact: Huang Yongquan, Master, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Shi Junheng, Doctoral candidate, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Research Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong Province, No. 20182043 (to HYQ)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:

后交叉韧带保留型假体:后交叉韧带保留型假体保留了后交叉韧带,其有效的股骨后滚加上更平坦的胫骨关节面,理论上可以加大后交叉韧带保留型假体的屈曲活动范围,保留的更多骨质也有利于将来翻修,其假体-骨水泥-骨组织界面也可以减少集中应力,减少松动的概率,而且保留后交叉韧带可改善膝关节置换术后的本体感觉。
后稳定型假体:支持者认为,后稳定型假体可以通过立柱结构发挥膝关节后滚运动,可纠正更严重的膝关节畸形,由于后稳定型假体允许关节线位置有轻度改变,也可以很好的避免出现髁间撞击,减少假体的磨损,关节屈伸间隙更易实现,操作相对简单,也不会因后交叉韧带的退化影响术后活动。
 
摘要
背景:目前临床运用的全膝关节置换假体包括后交叉韧带保留型和后稳定型假体,2种假体在术后长期随访中均能取得理想的治疗效果。目前2种假体均有多年的发展历史,但学术界对于是否保留后交叉韧带具有优势仍存在较大争论。
目的:对比全膝关节置换选用后交叉韧带保留型和后稳定型假体术后的临床和影像学结果。
方法:系统检索PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、EMbase、Web of Science和中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库自建库至2018年4月有关后交叉韧带保留型假体对比后稳定型假体用于全膝关节置换的随机对照试验,2名研究员单独评价文献的方法学质量、提取数据,运用RevMan软件检验文献的异质性并进行Meta分析。

结果与结论:①共纳入16项随机对照试验,1 747例患者行全膝关节置换术,其中观察组的899例患者采用后交叉韧带保留型假体,对照组848例患者采用后稳定型假体;②Meta分析结果显示,全膝关节置换选用2种假体术后的美国膝关节协会评分[MD=0.13,95%CI(-0.73,1.00)]、WOMAC评分[MD=0.59,95%CI(0.00,1.18)]、术后膝关节伸直活动度[MD=0.04,95%CI (-0.36,0.45)]和胫骨后倾角[MD=-0.09,95%CI (-0.52,0.33)]的差异无显著性意义;③对比选用后交叉韧带保留型假体的患者,在全膝关节置换中选用后稳定型假体的患者术后膝关节主动活动度[MD=-6.78,95%CI(-8.88,-4.67)]、屈曲活动度[MD=-4.22,95%CI (-6.03,-2.41)]更大,且后稳定型假体的机械胫股角[MD=0.85,95%CI (0.46,1.25)]更接近于理想的6°,差异有显著性意义;④在术后并发症上,全膝关节置换选用2种假体术后膝关节疼痛残留率[OR=1.26,95%CI (0.57,2.78)]、手术部位感染率[OR=0.50,95%CI (0.13,1.88)]和膝关节翻修率[OR=0.59,95%CI (0.15,2.32)]的差异均无显著性意义;⑤漏斗图提示纳入研究不存在明显发表偏倚;⑥结果提示,相较于在全膝关节置换中选用后交叉韧带保留型假体,后稳定型假体术后膝关节主动活动度、屈曲活动度更大,机械胫股角更理想,但由于后交叉韧带保留型假体操作要求更高,建议低年资术者优先选择后稳定型假体,高年资术者则可依据患者具体情况和手术方式的熟练情况来选择手术方案。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-4465-727X(史俊恒)

关键词: 全膝关节置换术, 后交叉韧带保留型假体, 后稳定型假体, 膝关节, 胫骨后倾角, 机械胫股角, 膝关节活动度, Meta分析

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty prosthesis includes the posterior cruciate ligament-retaining and the posterior cruciate-stabilized prostheses. Both prostheses can achieve the desired therapeutic effect in long-term follow-up. Both types of prosthesis have a long history of development, but whether posterior cruciate ligament retention is needed or not still remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and imaging results of posterior cruciate-retaining versus posterior cruciate-stabilized in total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and CBM databases were retrieved for the randomized controlled trials concerning posterior cruciate-retaining versus posterior cruciate-stabilized in total knee arthroplasty published before April 2018. Literature quality and data extraction were performed by two reviewers. Literature heterogeneity was assessed by RevMan software and meta-analysis was conducted.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Sixteen randomized controlled trials were enrolled involving 1 747 patients, including 899 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty using posterior cruciate-retaining (observation group) and 848 patients using posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty (control group). (2) Meta-analysis results showed that no significant differences were found in the American Knee Society Score [MD=0.13, 95%CI (-0.73, 1.00)], Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [MD=0.59, 95%CI (0.00, 1.18)], knee extension [MD=0.04, 95%CI (-0.36, 0.45)] or posterior tibial slope [MD=-0.09, 95%CI (-0.52, 0.33)] after surgery between two groups. (3) Compared with the observation group, in the control group, the range of motion of the knee joint was significantly increased [MD=-6.78, 95%CI (-8.88, -4.67)], knee flexion was significantly increased [MD=-4.22, 95%CI (-6.03, -2.41)] and the femorotibial angle was closed to 6° [MD=0.85, 95%CI (0.46, 1.25)]. (4) There were no significant differences in the pain residual rate [OR=1.26, 95%CI (0.57, 2.78)], infection rate on the surgical site [OR=0.50, 95%CI (0.13, 1.88)] or revision rate [OR=0.59, 95%CI (0.15, 2.32)] between two groups. (5) Funnel plot revealed no significant bias in the included studies. (6) In summary, patients using posterior cruciate-stabilized prosthesis have better active range of motion of the knee joint, knee flexion and mechanical femorotibial angle than those using posterior cruciate-retaining prosthesis. Due to the operative difficulty of posterior cruciate-retaining prosthesis, the junior doctors should choose posterior cruciate-stabilized prosthesis first, and senior doctors can choose the prosthesis according to the patient’s conditions and their proficiency of the operation method.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Prosthesis Implantation, Meta-Analysis, Tissue Engineering

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