中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (16): 2594-2600.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1216

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

髋部骨折术前皮肤牵引治疗的系统评价

魏志辉1,张铭华1,张中卒1,江 莲2   

  1. 重庆医科大学附属永川医院,1骨科,2老年科,重庆市 402160
  • 出版日期:2019-06-08 发布日期:2019-06-08
  • 通讯作者: 江莲,硕士,医师,重庆医科大学附属永川医院,重庆市 402160
  • 作者简介:魏志辉,男,1985年生,江西省南丰县人,汉族,2017年重庆医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事骨科(关节及运动医学)方面的研究。

Preoperative skin traction for hip fractures: a systematic review  

Wei Zhihui1, Zhang Minghua1, Zhang Zhongzu1, Jiang Lian2   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, 2Department of Geriatrics, the Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
  • Online:2019-06-08 Published:2019-06-08
  • Contact: Jiang Lian, Master, Physician, Department of Geriatrics, the Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
  • About author:Wei Zhihui, Master, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 

 

文题释义:
髋部骨折:主要是指股骨颈骨折、股骨转子间骨折。股骨颈骨折是指股骨头下至股骨颈基底部之间的骨折,分为头下型、经颈型和基底型;股骨转子间骨折指股骨颈基底至小转子水平以上部位所发生的骨折。
皮肤牵引:皮肤牵引是指使用胶布、牵引带、皮套等对肢体进行牵引,进而维持骨折的复位和稳定。可用于髋部骨折术前和术后的辅助固定治疗,牵引过程中需要观察牵引处皮肤的完整性。
 
摘要
背景:髋部骨折在术前是否适用皮肤牵引仍一直存在争议,需要级别更高、质量更高的循证医学证据来评价2种治疗方式的优缺点。
目的:系统评价术前皮肤牵引对比未牵引在治疗髋部骨折中的疗效及安全性。
方法:计算机检索The Cochrane Library、Medline、EMbase、PubMed、VIP、WanFang、CNKI等中英文数据库(检索时间均从建库至2018年8月)。检索有关髋部骨折术前应用皮肤牵引与未行皮肤牵引的随机对照试验文献,对2种不同治疗方式的目测类比评分、止痛药物使用情况、压疮、其他并发症、骨折复位失败率、手术时间、疼痛缓解评分作为评价指标,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。
结果与结论:①共纳入13篇随机对照试验,包含1 658例患者;②Meta分析结果显示,2组目测类比评分、止痛药物的使用情况、其他并发症发生情况、骨折复位失败率、骨折复位困难情况、手术时间、疼痛缓解评分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③在压疮发生率上,非皮肤牵引组明显优于皮肤牵引组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④提示髋部骨折术前常规使用皮肤牵引不能缓解患者疼痛,也不能降低复位的困难度,相反会增加压疮的发生概率。然而现有的证据不足以排除牵引的潜在优势,特别是在缓解患者心理压力上,因此临床中可根据具体情况选择性使用。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-9306-991X(魏志辉)

关键词: 髋部骨折, 股骨颈骨折, 股骨转子间骨折, 皮肤牵引, 压疮, 骨折复位, 系统评价

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: It is still controversial whether skin traction is suitable for hip fracture preoperatively. High-quality evidence-based medical evidence is needed to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the efficacy and safety of preoperative skin traction versus non-traction in the treatment of hip fractures.
METHODS: Databases of The Cochrane Library, Medline, EMbase, PubMed, VIP, WanFang and CNKI before August, 2018 were searched. The randomized controlled trials of skin traction and non-traction were retrieved. The Visual Analog Scale, administration of analgesic drugs, pressure sore, other complications, failure rate of fracture reduction, operation time and pain relief scores were conducted for meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3 software.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Thirteen randomized controlled trials, including 1 658 patients, were included. (2) Meta-analysis results showed that there was no significant difference in the Visual Analog Scale,administration of analgesic drugs, incidence of other complications, failure rate of fracture reduction, fracture reduction difficulty, operation time and pain relief cores between two groups (P > 0.05). (3) The incidence of pressure sore in the non-traction group was significantly superior to the traction group (P < 0.05). (4) These results indicate that preoperative skin traction in hip fracture cannot relieve pain, or reduce the difficulty of reduction. On the contrary, it increases the incidence of pressure sores. However, the available evidence is insufficient to exclude the potential advantages of traction, especially in alleviating psychological stress in patients, so skin traction can be used according to practical experience.

Key words: hip fracture, femoral neck fracture, intertrochanteric fracture, skin traction, pressure sore, fracture reduction, systematic review

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