中国组织工程研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (41): 7329-7334.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.41.022

• 组织构建学术探讨 tissue construction academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

脑性瘫痪儿童的步态特征分析

冉茂群1,周世林2,肖  农1,任永平1,张红运1,陈玉霞1,刘  玲1   

  1. 1重庆医科大学儿童医院康复科,重庆市  400014;2重庆福尔泰矫形康复器材有限公司,重庆市  400010
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-20 修回日期:2013-06-16 出版日期:2013-10-08 发布日期:2013-11-01
  • 通讯作者: 周世林,高级技师,重庆福尔泰矫形康复器材有限公司,重庆市 400010 757484563@qq.com
  • 作者简介:冉茂群,女,1973年生,重庆市人,土家族,2001年重庆医科大学毕业,主管护师,主要从事儿童康复治疗研究。 276617984@qq.com

Gait analysis in cerebral palsy children

Ran Mao-qun1, Zhou Shi-lin2, Xiao Nong1, Ren Yong-ping1, Zhang Hong-yun1, Chen Yu-xia1, Liu Ling1   

  1. 1Department of Rehabilitation, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing  400014, China; 2Fu Er Taior Thopedic Equipment (Chongqing) Ltd., Chongqing  400010, China
  • Received:2013-01-20 Revised:2013-06-16 Online:2013-10-08 Published:2013-11-01
  • Contact: Zhou Shi-lin, Senior technician, Fu Er Taior Thopedic Equipment (Chongqing) Ltd., Chongqing 400010, China 757484563@qq.com
  • About author:Ran Mao-qun, Nurse-in-charge, Department of Rehabilitation, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China 276617984@qq.com

摘要:

背景:脑瘫患儿的步态异常较常见,如何控制改善步态是康复治疗的重点。
目的:分析脑瘫患儿步态的生物力学参数,并观察支具控制对不随意运动型脑瘫患儿运动能力的影响。
方法:研究对比脑瘫患儿和正常儿童在起步过程中以及步行中的生物力学参数,起步过程中的生物力学参数包括时空参数,膝、踝关节活动度的运动学参数以及动力学参数;步行中的生物力学参数包括时空参数。不随意运动型脑瘫患儿均接受支具控制辅助下徒手体位控制、减重步态训练、S-E-T的3个月治疗,治疗前后采用88项粗大运动评价量表A区和视频对照进行疗效评估。
结果与结论:脑瘫患儿和正常儿童在起步过程中的生物力学参数测试对比中,除了右脚为起步脚的额状轴地面反力峰值外,其余各项生物力学参数均有明显差异;步行中的生物力学参数测试对比中,脑瘫患儿较正常儿童支撑相和双足支撑相延长、步长和复步长缩短。支具控制脑瘫患儿观察中,与治疗前比较,GMFM88项A区平均得分显著提高,视频示患儿治疗后不自主动作减少,头颈躯干较稳定,生活能力有好转,癫痫及认知障碍和基底节区有影像学改变的患儿进步幅度较小,舞蹈-徐动型和张力障碍型比徐动痉挛型患儿运动能力进步幅度大。

关键词: 组织构建, 组织构建学术探讨, 脑瘫, 三维, 步态, 生物力学, 运动学, 发育障碍, 癫痫, 膝关节, 踝关节

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Abnormal gaits are very common in children with cerebral palsy, and how to improve the gait is the focus of rehabilitation therapy.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the biomechanical parameters of gaits in cerebral palsy children and to observe the effects of brace control on the exercise capacity of dyskinetic cerebral palsy children.
METHODS: In this paper, we compared the biomechanical parameters of children with cerebral palsy and normal children in the initial process of walking and during walking. Biomechanical parameters in the initial process of walking include spatial and temporal parameters, kinematic and kinetic parameters of the range of motion of the knee and ankle. Biomechanical parameters during walking include spatial and temporal parameters. With the aid of hand brace, dyskinetic cerebral palsy received postural control, gait training, and sling exercise therapy for 3 months. The Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) assessment and video control were conducted for evaluation of therapeutic efficiency.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Biomechanical parameters in the initial process of walking showed significant differences between children with cerebral palsy and normal children except for the peak of ground reaction force at frontal axis with the right foot to start walking. Biomechanical parameters during walking showed that the stance phase and bipedal stance phase were prolonged, while the step length and stride length were shortened in the children with cerebral palsy compared with the normal children. For cerebral palsy children with brace control, the GMFM-88 scores were significantly decreased after treatment, involuntary movements were reduced shown on the video, the neck and body were stable, and life skills were improved. Children with epilepsy and  cognitive impairment or who had imaging changes in the basal ganglia showed a little improvement, and children with dance-athetoid type and dystonia type had a better progress than those with athetoid spasm.

Key words: nervous system diseases, dyskinesias, chorea, gait disorders, neurologic, gait apraxia

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