中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (34): 5474-5480.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.34.011

• 纳米生物材料 nanobiomaterials • 上一篇    下一篇

细菌纳米纤维素与聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶管的生物相容性表征

唐敬玉1,包露涵1,李  雪1,陈  琳1,洪  枫1,2
  

  1. 1东华大学化学化工与生物工程学院微生物工程与工业生物技术研究组,上海市  201620;2纤维材料改性国家重点实验室(东华大学),上海市  201620
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-03 出版日期:2017-12-08 发布日期:2018-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 洪枫,研究员,东华大学化学化工与生物工程学院微生物工程与工业生物技术研究组,上海市 201620
  • 作者简介:唐敬玉,男,1987年生,山东省临沂市人,汉族,东华大学在读博士,主要从事生物医用材料研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金面上项目(51373031);上海市科委“科技创新行动计划”项目(15520720800);纤维材料改性国家重点实验室资助课题(LK1617)

Biocompatibility of bacterial nanocellulose and bacterial nanocellulose/polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogel tubes

Tang Jing-yu1, Bao Lu-han1, Li Xue1, Chen Lin1, Hong Feng1, 2 
  

  1. 1Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; 2State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2017-07-03 Online:2017-12-08 Published:2018-01-04
  • Contact: Feng F. Hong, Professor, Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • About author:Tang Jing-yu, Studying for doctorate, Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 51373031; the grant from the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, No. 15520720800; the grant from the State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials (Donghua University), No. LK1617

摘要:

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文题释义:
细菌纳米纤维素:是一种由微生物(如木葡糖酸醋杆菌等)分泌的多糖类高分子材料,具有与植物纤维素相同的化学组成,均为吡喃葡萄糖单体由β-1,4糖苷键构成的葡聚糖。与伴生半纤维素和木质素的植物纤维素相比,细菌纳米纤维素具有更高的化学纯度,独特的纳米纤维网络结构和更好的生物相容性,被广泛用于创伤敷料、人工皮肤和组织工程支架等。
聚乙烯醇:是一种水溶性的合成高分子,通过反复冻融的物理交联过程可制备成水凝胶材料,具有很好的弹性,与人体软组织的机械力学性能相近,被广泛研究用于医用敷料、人工血管和软骨组织工程支架等。研究证实,聚乙烯醇的高亲水特性可限制血浆蛋白在其表面的吸附,减少血小板的黏附,具有良好的血液相容性,然而这种特性同样限制了细胞在其表面的黏附,在应用于人工血管时不利于内皮层的形成。
 
背景:前期研究通过相分离技术制备了细菌纳米纤维素/聚乙烯醇复合管,显著改善了单纯细菌纳米纤维素管的机械力学性质,但对复合管生物相容性的研究并不充分。
目的:分析细菌纳米纤维素/聚乙烯醇复合管的生物相容性。
方法:通过单硅胶管和双硅胶管两种生物反应器,在线培育获得两种不同结构细菌纳米纤维素管,分别记为S-BNC和D-BNC;采用相分离方法将两种细菌纳米纤维素管分别与聚乙烯醇复合,制备细菌纳米纤维素/聚乙烯醇复合管;通过溶血率、血浆复钙、血小板黏附实验评价S-BNC、D-BNC、S-BNC/聚乙烯醇复合管及D-BNC/聚乙烯醇复合管材料的血液相容性。将4种管材料分别与猪髋骨内皮细胞(或人血管平滑肌细胞)共培养,3,7 d后,采用活死细胞染色观察细胞在材料表面生长情况。
结果与结论:①血液相容性:4组管的溶血率均小于0.5%。D-BNC管的血浆复钙时间显著快于S-BNC管 (P < 0.05);两复合管的血浆复钙过程较相应的单细菌纳米纤维素管均有减缓(P < 0.05),两复合管血浆复钙时间无差异。血小板在两种纯细菌纳米纤维素管的内表面均发生了较大的形变,并且相互聚集,形成很多血小板栓子;两复合管的血小板黏附数量明显减少,且D-BNC/聚乙烯醇复合管血小板黏附量显著多于S-BNC/聚乙烯醇复合管;②细胞相容性:4组管材料均支持猪髋骨内皮细胞的生长,两复合管较对应的单细菌纳米纤维素管效果更好;4组管材料均支持人血管平滑肌细胞的生长,相对于单纯细菌纳米纤维素管,复合管可显著促进细胞的生长,其中以D-BNC/聚乙烯醇复合管的效果最好;③结果表明:细菌纳米纤维素/聚乙烯醇复合管具有良好的血液相容性与细胞相容性。

关键词: 生物材料, 材料相容性, 细菌纳米纤维素, 聚乙烯醇, 血小板黏附, 内皮细胞, 平滑肌细胞, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Based on our previous findings, the mechanical properties of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) tubes were improved by composite with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) using phase separation method. However, the biocompatibility of the composite tubes is rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biocompatibility of BNC and BNC/PVA composite tubes.
METHODS: Two types of BNC tubes (S-BNC and D-BNC) with different structures were online prepared in two bioreactors (single-silicone tube bioreactor and double-silicone tubes bioreactor respectively). BNC/PVA composites were prepared based on both BNC tubes using a phase separation method. The hemocompatibility of these tubes including hemolytic ratio, plasma recalcification and platelet adhesion were compared. Living/dead staining method was used to evaluate the cell growth after 3 and 7 days incubation since the endothelial and smooth muscle cells were seeded on the lumen surfaces of the BNC and BNC/PVA composite tubes, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Hemocompatibility: The hemolytic ratios of four kinds of tubes were all below 0.5%. The plasma recalcification time of D-BNC tube was significantly shorter than that of S-BNC tube (P < 0.05). The plasma recalcification processes of two composites were slowed as compared with corresponding BNC tubes (P < 0.05). No significant difference in plasma recalcification was detected between the two composites. The platelets adhered on the inner surface of two pure BNC tubes showed greater deformation and aggregated distribution, which led to the formation of platelet plugs. The platelet adhesion of BNC/PVA composites was dramatically reduced. The D-BNC/PVA composite tube showed more platelet adhesion than the S-BNC/PVA composite tube. (2) Cytocompatibility: Pig iliac endothelial cells could grow on the lumen surface of these four kinds of tubes. And the composites showed better growth as compared with corresponding pure BNC tubes. Human vascular smooth muscle cells could also grow on the lumen surface of four kinds of materials. As compared with the pure BNC tubes, the composites led to improvement in cell growth, and the D-BNC/PVA composite tube showed the best result. To conclude, the BNC/PVA composite tube has good hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility.

Key words: Blood Vessel Prosthesis, Nanofibers, Tissue Engineering

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