中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (32): 5108-5114.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.32.005

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

整合性神经肌肉训练预防青少年女性运动性膝关节损伤

赵  响1,2,詹建国1,许  滨1   

  1. (1北京体育大学,北京市  100084;2淮北师范大学,安徽省淮北市  235000)
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-07 出版日期:2017-11-18 发布日期:2017-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 詹建国,教授,博士生导师,北京体育大学,北京市 100084
  • 作者简介:赵响,男,1983年生,安徽省淮北市人,北京体育大学在读博士,讲师,主要从事青少年运动损伤预防的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题(CLA140161)

Integrative neuromuscular training protects juvenile female athletes from knee injury

Zhao Xiang1, 2, Zhan Jian-guo1, Xu Bin1   

  1.  (1Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; 2Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, Anhui Province, China)
  • Received:2017-08-07 Online:2017-11-18 Published:2017-11-15
  • Contact: Zhan Jian-guo, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • About author:Zhao Xiang, Studying for doctorate, Lecturer, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Youth Education Project of National Social Science Foundation of China, No. CLA140161

摘要:

文章快速阅读:



文题释义:
整合性神经肌肉训练:是为了预防运动损伤和提高运动表现而设计的一般功能性动作训练与特定的力量、肌肉超等长、速度、灵敏、平衡训练相结合的综合性训练。
灵敏素质:是人体综合能力的反映,受遗传因素影响很大。为了提高灵敏素质,教练员应尽可能采取逐渐增加复杂程度的练习方式,也可以通过改变条件、器械、器材等方式增加技术动作的复杂性和难度。同时,还应着重培养和提高运动员掌握动作的能力、反应能力、平衡能力、观察能力、节奏感等。

摘要
背景:
与单一的本体感觉训练方法和简单的躯干和臀部的神经肌肉训练方法相比,整合性神经肌肉训练具有综合性的效果,可以预防膝关节运动损伤。
目的:进一步验证整合性神经肌肉训练可以增强青少年女性运动素质和改善跳跃时的下肢生物力学模式。
方法:将18名青少年女性网球运动员随机分为2组,实验组进行为期8周的整合性神经肌肉训练+技术性训练,内容主要包括下肢力量、核心稳定性、超等长训练、动态平衡、灵敏、速度等方面;对照组进行8周的日常网球训练(传统性体能训练)+技术性训练,分别在整合性神经肌肉训练干预前1周及训练干预后第9周进行纵跳成绩、动态平衡、灵敏性测试和下肢生物力学纵向的前后测试,量化整合性神经肌肉训练对其运动素质和预防膝关节损伤的影响。
结果与结论:①实验组前后测试的纵跳成绩、灵敏性测试成绩、总体稳定指数、膝关节伸展角度和膝内外翻力矩均得到了改善(P < 0.05);②整合性神经肌肉训练不仅可以提高青少年女性运动时的下肢爆发力、动态平衡和灵敏性能力等运动素质,也可以改善其跳跃时的下肢生物力学模式,加大跳跃落地时的膝关节的屈伸角度,降低膝内翻和膝外翻的扭矩。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-5626-6962(赵响)

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, 神经肌肉训练, 运动素质, 预防损伤, 生物力学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Compared with single proprioceptive training and simple neuromuscular training in the trunk and hip, the integrative neuromuscular training possesses comprehensive effect, which not only prevents sport-induced knee injury, but also improves the athletes’ sport ability.
OBJECTIVE: To validate whether the integrative neuromuscular training can enhance sport quality of juvenile female athletes and improve biomechanical pattern of the lower limb when jumping.
METHODS: Eighteen juvenile female tennis athletes were selected and randomized into experimental and control groups. The athletes in the experimental group received 8-week integrative neuromuscular training and technical training involving the strength of the lower limb, core stability, plyometrice training, dynamic equilibrium, agility and 
speed. Those controls were subjected to 8-week traditional physical training and technical training. The vertical jump, dynamic equilibrium, agility and biomechanics of the lower limb were measured at 1 week before intervention and 7 weeks after intervention to quantize the effect of integrative neuromuscular training on the sport ability and prevention of knee injury.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The vertical jump, agility, overall stability index, the knee extension angle as well as knee adduction and abduction moment in the experimental group were significantly improved (P < 0.05). Integrative neuromuscular training cannot only enhance the explosive strength of the lower limb, dynamic equilibrium, and agility when juvenile female athletes exercising, but also improve the biomechanics of the lower limb when jumping, increase the knee extension angle, and reduce knee adduction and abduction moment

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Proprioception, Sports Medicine, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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