中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (11): 1664-1668.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.11.005

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

前纵韧带损伤加重相应节段损伤椎间盘的退变

孙 鑫,金文杰,沈康平,刘兴振   

  1. 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院骨科,上海市 201999
  • 修回日期:2016-11-30 出版日期:2017-04-18 发布日期:2017-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 金文杰,博士,副主任医师,上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院骨科,上海市 201999
  • 作者简介:孙鑫,男,1991年生,山东省青岛市人,汉族,上海交通大学医学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱外科研究。
  • 基金资助:

    上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院院基金(syz2015-024)

     

Degeneration of injured intervertebral disk affected by anterior longitudinal ligament destruction

Sun Xin, Jin Wen-jie, Shen Kang-ping, Liu Xing-zhen   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China
  • Revised:2016-11-30 Online:2017-04-18 Published:2017-05-06
  • Contact: Jin Wen-jie, M.D., Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China
  • About author:Sun Xin, Studying for master’s degree, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China
  • Supported by:

    a grant from Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. syz2015-024

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
前纵韧带:是位于所有椎体和椎间盘前面的纵长韧带,上起于枕骨枕骨大孔前缘,下至第12骶椎,韧带的宽窄厚薄各部有所不同,前纵韧带内层纤维与椎间盘外层纤维和椎体的骺环相连,但并不进入椎体,前纵韧带整个看来是一条长而宽的纤维带,非常坚强。前纵韧带有防止脊柱过度后伸的作用。
发育成熟的髓核:是一个由软骨样细胞分散在细胞间质内,周围围绕着一个比较致密的胶原纤维网的含水球,位于椎间盘偏后位置,占椎间盘横断面积的50%-60%;由于它的含水量很高,并和软骨终板紧密接触,是椎间盘接受经软骨终板主要营养途径渗透交换营养的主要部分。髓核与包裹它上下面的软骨终板、周围的纤维环共同构成对抗重力和张力的闭合缓冲系统。在脊柱运动时,髓核犹如滚珠轴承起支点作用,协助脊柱其他部分完成生理活动。髓核球型结构偏后的位置,对分散压力,支持角度大频率高的弯曲等运动有重要意义。髓核本身只在婴儿时期和严重退变时才有血管长入,正常时它的营养主要由椎体-软骨终板-髓核的椎间盘主要营养途径渗透供给。
 
摘要
背景:脊柱失稳可加速正常椎间盘的退变。在外伤导致脊柱失稳时,常同时存在前纵韧带合并椎间盘损伤。目前鲜有关于前纵韧带损伤对损伤后椎间盘退变影响的动物实验研究。
目的:通过建立不同程度兔前纵韧带合并椎间盘损伤模型,观察脊柱失稳后损伤椎间盘的退变情况。
方法:将24只新西兰大白兔随机分为4组,单纯椎间盘损伤组、椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带部分损伤组、椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带骨附着点断裂伤组和椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带中央横断组。经腹腔暴露L2至L3椎体,按分组分别对L2-L3椎间盘和局部前纵韧带进行相应处理。于术后4周和8周行CT检查,在矢状位二维重建图像上计算受损椎间隙中央高度,并进行统计学分析。摄片后每组随机选取3只兔子,处死后取损伤部位椎间盘组织行苏木精-伊红染色,光镜下镜检。      

结果与结论:①术后4周,椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带中央横断组受损椎间隙高度较单纯椎间盘损伤组明显降低 (P < 0.05), 椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带骨附着点断裂伤组和前纵韧带中央横断组分别可见局部骨质增生和钙化;组织学观察发现椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带骨附着点断裂伤组和前纵韧带中央横断组髓核细胞减少,局部炎症反应较单纯椎间盘损伤组明显;②术后8周,椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带骨附着点断裂伤组和前纵韧带中央横断组受损椎间隙高度较单纯椎间盘损伤组明显降低(P < 0.05), 椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带骨附着点断裂伤组和前纵韧带中央横断组局部骨质增生和钙化较前明显;苏木精-伊红染色可见髓核细胞形态改变,髓核局部纤维化与纤维环分界模糊,退变程度椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带中央横断组>椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带骨附着点断裂伤组>椎间盘损伤+前纵韧带部分损伤组>单纯椎间盘损伤组;③结果表明,兔前纵韧带损伤可加重相应节段损伤椎间盘的退变,且椎间盘退变程度随前纵韧带损伤程度的增加而加重。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-4590-7995(孙鑫)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 前纵韧带, 损伤, 椎间盘, 退变, 脊柱失稳

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The spinal instability would accelerate the degeneration of normal disk. The injuries of anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) and intervertebral disk were usually caused by cervical trauma, which leaded to spinal instability. Currently, there were few animal researches about the degeneration of injured intervertebral disk affected by ALL destruction.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the degeneration of injured intervertebral disk after spinal instability in the rabbit model of different degrees of ALL and disc destruction.
METHODS: A total of 24 New-Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into intervertebral disk injury group (Group A, n=6), partial injury of ALL with disc injury group (Group B, n=6), injury of bony attachment point of ALL with disc injury group (Group C, n=6) and entirely injury of ALL with disc injury group (Group D, n=6). The L2-L3 intervertebral disk and ALL were injured through abdominal cavity. Different groups received different treatments. Computed tomography (CT) scans of the injured disc were performed at the postoperative 4 and 8 weeks, and the middle high of injured discs was calculated on CT sagittal reconstruction. Three rabbits were selected from each group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of injured disc was performed after the animals were killed. Results were examined under the light microscope.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At postoperative 4 weeks, the middle height of injured discs in Group D was decreased significantly compared with Group A (P < 0.05). There were hyperosteogeny and calcification in Group C and Group D. There were nucleus pulposus cells reduction and inflammatory reaction in Group C and Group D on histological staining. (2) At postoperative 8 weeks, the middle height of injured discs respective was decreased significantly compared with Group A (P < 0.05). The hyperosteogeny and calcification became clearer in Group C and Group D than before. There were morphologic changes of nucleus pulposus cells and fibrillation by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the degree of disc degeneration was Group D > Group C > Group B > Group A. (3) In conclusion, the injury of ALL would accelerate the degeneration of correspondingly injured disk, and the degree of injury of ALL was positively correlated with the degeneration of disk.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Anterior Longitudinal Ligaments, Intervertebral Disk, Spine, Tissue Engineering

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