中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (26): 3870-3875.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.26.011

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

外侧钢板结合内侧经皮拉力螺钉的生物力学性能及在胫骨远端骨折中的应用

王 泉1,王东来2   

  1. 1哈励逊国际和平医院骨一科,河北省衡水市 053000;2河北医科大学附属四院,河北省石家庄市 050000
  • 修回日期:2016-05-09 出版日期:2016-06-24 发布日期:2016-06-24
  • 通讯作者: 王泉,硕士,主治医师,哈励逊国际和平医院骨一科,河北省衡水市 053000
  • 作者简介:王泉,男,1983年生,河北省衡水市人,汉族,2013年河北医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事胫骨平台骨折方面的研究。

Biomechanical properties of lateral plate combined with medial percutaneous lag screw and its application in the distal tibial fractures

Wang Quan1, Wang Dong-lai2   

  1. 1First Department of Orthopedics, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei Province, China; 2Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • Revised:2016-05-09 Online:2016-06-24 Published:2016-06-24
  • Contact: Wang Quan, Master, Attending physician, First Department of Orthopedics, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Wang Quan, Master, Attending physician, First Department of Orthopedics, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
外固定钢板:是胫骨骨折常用的固定方法,该方法使用相对比较简单,能够对骨折部位进行初始固定,并且也能够作为最终固定方法,尤其是对于开放性骨折患者而言。研究显示,外固定后患者并发症发生率较高,如针道感染、骨折不愈合等。同时,外侧固定生物力学性能也相对较差,其固定时不够坚强,容易造成患者恢复缓慢,负重时间比较晚。
经皮拉力螺钉:也是胫骨远端骨折常用的固定方法,能够较好的控制骨折部的轴向力线,为骨折固定后患者早期下地负重行走创造条件,并且经皮拉力螺钉与钉孔之间应力遮挡效应较小,不会导致内固定物的断裂。但是目前临床上对于外侧钢板结合内侧经皮拉力螺钉的生物力学性能研究相对较少。
 
摘要
背景:目前临床上对于外侧钢板结合内侧经皮拉力螺钉的生物力学性能研究相对较少,且在胫骨远端骨折患者中的临床应用效果也未见研究。
目的:探讨外侧钢板结合内侧经皮拉力螺钉的生物力学性能,并分析其对胫骨远端骨折的修复效果。
方法:选取6具成年防腐胫骨标本,采用骨锯做一个长为1 cm的骨缺损,分别采用外侧钢板和外侧钢板组结合内侧经皮拉力螺钉固定,并进行三点弯曲实验、轴向压缩实验以及旋转实验。选取河北医科大学骨科收治的20例胫骨远端骨折患者的临床资料进行分析,随机分为2组,外侧钢板组和外侧钢板组结合内侧经皮拉力螺钉组每组10例,比较2组患者的临床修复效果。
结果与结论:①尸体标本生物力学指标:两种固定方法的扭转强度差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);外侧钢板结合内侧经皮拉力螺钉固定的抗弯应力以及轴向位移均显著低于外侧钢板固定(P < 0.05);②修复手术相关指标:外侧钢板结合内侧经皮拉力螺钉组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间以及骨折愈合时间均显著少于外侧钢板组(P < 0.05);③修复效果:外侧钢板结合内侧经皮拉力螺钉组治疗后3个月9例骨折愈合,总有效率为90%,显著高于外侧钢板组(总有效率70%)(P < 0.05);④结果提示,外侧钢板结合内侧经皮拉力螺钉在抗轴向压缩、扭转以及弯曲等方面具有独特优势,将其应用于胫骨远端骨折中效果理想,能够提高骨折修复效果及稳定性。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-2096-9479(王泉)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 胫骨远端骨折, 外侧钢板, 内侧经皮拉力螺钉, 生物力学性能, 临床疗效, 扭转强度, 轴向压缩, 三点弯曲实验

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Current clinical studies seldom concern biomechanical properties of lateral plate combined with medial percutaneous lag screw. Moreover, effects of clinical application to distal tibial fractures are not investigated. 

OBJECTIVE: To explore biomechanical properties of lateral plate combined with medial percutaneous lag screw, and to analyze the repair effect on distal tibial fractures.
METHODS: Six adult antiseptic tibia specimens were studied. Bone saw was used to make a bone defect in 1 cm length, which was fixed with lateral plate and lateral plate combined with medial percutaneous lag screw. Three point bending test, axial compression test and rotation test were performed. Clinical data of twenty cases of distal tibial fracture patients from the Department of Orthopedics of Hebei Medical University were analyzed and randomly divided into lateral plate group and lateral plate combined with medial percutaneous lag screw group (n=10). Clinical repair effects were compared between the two groups.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Biomechanical indexes of cadaver specimens: no significant difference in torsional strength was determined between the two groups (P > 0.05). Bending stress and axial displacement were significantly lower in the lateral plate combined with medial percutaneous lag screw group than in the lateral plate group (P < 0.05). (2) Repair surgery related indicators: operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of stay and fracture healing time were significantly less in the lateral plate combined with medial percutaneous lag screw group than in the lateral plate group (P < 0.05). (3) Repair effects: There were nine cases of fracture healing in the lateral plate combined with medial percutaneous lag screw group 3 months after treatment. The total effective rate was significantly higher in the lateral plate combined with medial percutaneous lag screw group (90%) than in the lateral plate group (70%) (P < 0.05). (4) These findings indicate that lateral plate combined with medial percutaneous lag screw has a unique advantage in resisting axial compression, torsion and bending. Its application to distal tibial fractures obtains ideal effects, can improve the clinical efficacy and stability. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Tibial Fractures, Biomechanics, Fracture Healing, Internal Fixators

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