中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (13): 1895-1903.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.13.010

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

基于3D打印股骨远端骨折标准件库接骨板的数字化内固定

吴长福,郑祖高,陈宣煌,余正希,张国栋,陈  旭,林海滨,吴献伟,高小强   

  1. 福建医科大学莆田学院附属医院教学医院,南方医科大学附属莆田医院,莆田学院附属医院骨科,福建省莆田市  351100
  • 收稿日期:2016-02-25 出版日期:2016-03-25 发布日期:2016-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈宣煌,硕士,副主任医师,福建医科大学莆田学院附属医院教学医院,南方医科大学附属莆田医院,莆田学院附属医院骨科,福建省莆田市 351100
  • 作者简介:吴长福,男,1984年生,江西省南城县人,2012年南方医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事数字化骨科学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    福建省自然科学基金项目(2015J01507);福建省卫生计生委卫生系统中青年骨干人才培养项目(2014-ZQN-JC-39);福建省莆田市科技计划课题(2013S03(6));福建省莆田学院科研基金项目(2015044)

Digital design of standard parts database for distal femoral fractures treated with plating via three-dimensional printing

Wu Chang-fu, Zheng Zu-gao, Chen Xuan-huang, Yu Zheng-xi, Zhang Guo-dong, Chen Xu, Lin Hai-bin, Wu Xian-wei, Gao Xiao-qiang   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University; Affiliated Putian Hospital of Southern Medical University; Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, Fujian Province, China
  • Received:2016-02-25 Online:2016-03-25 Published:2016-03-25
  • Contact: Chen Xuan-huang, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University; Affiliated Putian Hospital of Southern Medical University; Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, Fujian Province, China
  • About author:Wu Chang-fu, Master, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University; Affiliated Putian Hospital of Southern Medical University; Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, Fujian Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, No. 2015J01507; the Middle-Aged and Young Backbone Talents Training Project of Health and Family Planning Health Systems in Fujian Province, No. 2014-ZQN-JC-39; the Science and Technology Program of Putian City in Fujian Province, No. 2013S03(6); the Scientific Research Project of Putian University in Fujian Province, No. 2015044

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:

数字化手术设计:数字化三维重建技术和相关计算机软件的出现与不断发展为现代骨科手术提供了新途径,以此为基础的数字技术在骨科领域得到较广泛的应用。借助有关软件,对现有手术进行计算机辅助规划与数字优化,不仅有助于提供全新的外科手术的训练和学习模式,还可以为探索原创性的新治疗方法提供思路。

标准件库:对目前主流的、不同厂家及不同规格的股骨远端内固定产品进行薄层CT扫描、三维重建、形态学处理、体积恢复,得到单独接骨板或带钉道的接骨板模型,按照不同厂家、型号、规格分别命名,把每一块带有钉道的接骨板称为 “一个标准件”。大数量的标准件集合,构建成尽量庞大的“标准件库”,便于选用合适的内固定物进行虚拟手术。

 

背景:CT重建骨折三维模型不能进行虚拟复位、内固定,不能制定合理的修复方案,数字化设计可以满足临床骨科医师的需要。标准件库为虚拟及现实手术选择理想的内固定物提供了可能性,而3D打印使得合理的修复方案得以在临床准确实施。
目的:分析在数字化软件设计配合3D打印模块基础上进行标准件库接骨板、螺钉导航置入内固定修复股骨远端骨折的方法,探讨其准确性、可行性及微创性。
方法:①9侧成人下肢解剖标本,连续进行薄层多平面CT扫描,采集Dicom格式图像。利用Mimics三维重建软件处理数据,按AO分型,虚拟制作股骨远端骨折A1-3、B1-3、C1-3型各1例。从标准件库中选择接骨板、螺钉虚拟内固定。设计带钉道的导航模块,并通过3D打印机生产出实体模块,将导航模块在手术中进行导航放置接骨板、螺钉,观察卡位、板钉位置情况,利用X射线、CT扫描评价内固定置入效果。②将上述内固定方案临床应用于30例股骨远端骨折患者,记录手术时间、术中出血量及术后引流量,术后随访进行影像学评价及疗效评定。

结果与结论:①9侧解剖标本内固定术后再次行X射线、CT扫描,三维重建结果显示接骨板位置、螺钉进钉点,进钉方向、长度、直径均与Mimics软件中模拟预设的一致。导航模块和相对应的股骨远端外侧骨性结构贴合紧密,嵌合度良好,在导航应用时卡位及稳定性良好,可以很好指引接骨板放置、螺钉置入。②临床应用30例,手术时间(104.63±26.12) min,术中出血量(121.74±11.49) mL,术后引流量(30.29±    6.38) mL。所有患者均获随访,根据Schatzker标准评定疗效,优22例,良6例,可2例,优良率为93%。修复术中应用术前选择的接骨板和螺钉规格,进钉长度、直径、位置、角度等与术前高度一致。③提示在3D打印导航模块的辅助下,股骨远端骨折标准件库接骨板内固定置入准确率高,具有缩短手术时间、减少术中出血、安全性较高、并发症少、内固定精准等优点。基于3D打印的标准件库接骨板数字化内固定技术有望良好实现骨科内固定物置入导航并普及应用。 

ORCID: 0000-0001-9441-3014 (陈宣煌)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 股骨远端, 骨折内固定, 数字化设计, 3D打印, 标准件, 福建省自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: On CT reconstruction of three-dimensional (3D) model, fracture virtual reduction and internal fixation cannot be achieved, and reasonable operation scheme cannot be formulated. Digital design can fully meet the needs of clinical orthopedics physicians. Standard parts database can provide the possibility to choose the ideal internal fixation. 3D printing makes the reasonable operation scheme accurate in clinical implementation.
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the feasibility, accuracy and minimal invasion of internal fixation in treatment of the distal femoral fracture with digital design of standard parts database by 3D printing.
METHODS: (1) Nine adult lower extremity specimens were selected to take continuously thin-layer CT scanning. After Dicom images were imported into the mimics software, the model was established. According to the AO classification, they were classified into A1-3, B1-3 and C1-3 types of distal femoral fracture by virtual design. Internal fixation with plate and screw formed standard parts database virtually. It was printed out the pilot hole of the navigation module design by three-dimensional printing forming technique. Plate and screw were inserted assisted by the module. X-ray and CT scan were taken postoperatively to access the position. (2) 30 patients with distal femoral fracture were subjected to above fixation. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage were recorded. Imaging and curative effects were evaluated during follow-up.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Nine samples underwent X-ray and CT scan. 3D reconstruction results revealed plate position, screw entry point, nail direction, length and diameter were consistent with presetting data in Mimics software. The navigation models were designed to fit the lateral bony structure of distal femur. There were good fitting degree, good card position and good stability when the navigation was applied. It could guide plant and screw implantation. (2) In 30 cases, the operation time was (104.63±26.12) minutes, intraoperative blood loss was (121.74±11.49) mL, and postoperative drainage volume was (30.29±6.38) mL. All patients were followed up. According to Schagzker criterion, the efficiency of 22 cases was excellent, 6 cases good and 2 cases average, and the excellent and good rate was 93%. The parameters of length, diameter, orientation and angle were consistent with that preoperatively. (3) Internal fixation formed by standard parts database assisted by 3D printing navigation model has advantages of high accuracy, short process, lessened blood loss, high safety, less complications, and precise fixation. Digital design of standard parts database via 3D printing navigation module is expected to achieve implant navigation and application. 
 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程