中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 197-203.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1903

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

振动与电刺激恢复模式对投篮运动者延迟性肌肉酸痛的影响

肖凯骏,邵泽龙   

  1. 西南医科大学体育学院,四川省泸州市  646000
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-01 修回日期:2019-04-13 接受日期:2019-05-23 出版日期:2020-01-18 发布日期:2019-12-25
  • 作者简介:肖凯骏,男,1984年生,四川省泸州市人,汉族,助教,主要从事运动训练的理论与方法的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省社科基金(SC18C052)

Effect of vibration and electrical stimulation recovery model on delayed muscle pain of basketball pitchers

Xiao Kaijun, Shao Zelong#br#   

  1. School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2019-04-01 Revised:2019-04-13 Accepted:2019-05-23 Online:2020-01-18 Published:2019-12-25
  • About author:Xiao Kaijun, Assistant lecturer, School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Social Science Foundation of Sichuan Province, No. SC18C052

摘要:

文题释义:

全身振动:主要是利用机械式振荡引起肌肉微小的快速收缩,达到刺激神经肌肉系统功能的效果,全身振动的生理机制与增强式训练中拉长-缩短循环(stretch shortening cycle,SSC)相似。依据刺激的方式可分为直接与间接刺激法,直接刺激是将振动器直接放置肌肉上,而间接刺激法则是将振动仪放置于肌群的远端,振动便借身体传递到达欲训练之肌群上。

延迟性肌肉酸痛(delayed onset muscle soreness,DOMS):常发生于不熟悉的运动形态,如下坡跑步或运动强度超出平时的训练,特别是肌肉在从事反复离心收缩的运动过程中,会促使骨骼肌引起很明显的伤害。一般肌肉损伤症状有肌肉酸痛加剧、关节活动范围变窄、最大自主等长肌力下降等现象;其中肌肉酸痛程度通常在运动后的1-3 d最为明显,在4-6 d达到峰值,在5-7 d后才能逐渐缓解并恢复。


背景:全身振动与肌肉电刺激常被作为离心运动前后热身或恢复活动的主要手段,但2种被动恢复方式对提升受试者爆发力、关节活动范围及促进代谢废物移除的正向效益熟优熟劣目前并不十分清楚。

目的:利用全身振动与肌肉电刺激2种刺激恢复方式作用于肩关节,揭示其对缓解篮球投手投球后肌肉损伤水平效益,为篮球运动员及教练员进行科学训练及避免因投球动作改变而引起运动伤害提供重要参考。

方法:试验方案经西南医科大学伦理委员会批准,并经受试者及家属知情并同意。12名大学男子篮球队运动员志愿参与测试。采用重复测量、平衡次序设计分为3次试验,每次间隔时间7 d。第1次试验投篮后采用全身振动恢复处理(全身振动组);第2次试验投篮后采用肌肉电刺激恢复处理(肌肉电刺激组);第3次试验投篮后不做任何处理(对照组)。每次试验投篮5局,25球/局,每局投球完毕后投手即刻接受6 min的恢复。于试验开始前、投球结束后24,48与72 h对受试者进行自觉肌肉酸痛指数、关节活动度、血清肌酸激酶与肌红蛋白浓度测试。

结果与结论:①全身振动与肌肉电刺激两种被动恢复模式对缓解篮球投手的自觉肌肉酸痛指数、血清肌酸肌酶及血清中肌红蛋白有显著的正向效益,但两种模式对自觉肌肉酸痛指数、肌酸肌酶及肌红蛋白的缓解效果并无显著差异;②全身振动被动恢复模式对于恢复肩关节活动度有显著正向效益,但肌肉电刺激对肩外转及肩内旋关节活动度的恢复无明显效果;③全身振动与肌肉电刺激两种被动恢复模式对于恢复肘关节屈、伸关节活动度无明显效果;④结果说明,全身振动与肌肉电刺激立即性被动恢复在篮球投球训练中,作为局间的恢复处理皆可以显著降低投手投球后肌肉损伤相关指标的水平,但仅全身振动处理显著改善关节活动度。

ORCID: 0000-0001-6111-6072 (肖凯骏)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词: 被动恢复, 主动恢复, 全身振动训练, 肌肉电刺激, 肌肉酸痛, 肌酸激酶, 离心收缩

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Whole body vibration and electromyographic stimulation are often used as the main means of warming up or restoring activities before and after centrifugal exercise. However, it is unclear whether the two passive restoring methods can improve the explosive power of subjects, the range of motion of joints and the positive benefits of metabolic waste removal.

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the benefits of whole body vibration and electromyographic stimulation in alleviating the muscle injury of basketball pitchers after pitching using whole body vibration and electromyographic stimulation to restore the shoulder joint, and provide important reference for basketball players and coaches to conduct scientific training and avoid sports injury caused by the change of pitching movements.

METHODS: The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Southwest Medical University, and the participants and their families signed the informed consents. Twelve college male basketball players volunteered to participate in this study. Repeated measurement and balanced sequence design were used to divide the experiment into whole body vibration recovery, electromyographic stimulation recovery and no treatment (control group); each time interval was 7 days. The participants were trained to shoot (5 innings, 25 balls/inning). After each inning, the pitchers were immediately restored for 6 minutes. The conscious muscle soreness index, range of motion, and serum contents of creatine kinase and myoglobin were detected at baseline, and 24, 48 and 72 hours after pitching.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Whole body vibration and electromyographic stimulation passive recovery modes had significant positive effects on alleviating conscious muscle soreness index, serum creatine enzyme and serum myoglobin of basketball pitchers, and there was no significant difference between two modes. (2) Whole body vibration passive recovery mode had significant positive effects on restoring shoulder range of motion, but electromyographic stimulation had no significant positive effect on shoulder rotation. (3) Whole body vibration and electromyographic stimulation electromyographic stimulation passive recovery modes showed no significant effect on the range of motion of recovery of elbow flexion and extension. (4) These results indicate that whole body vibration and electromyographic stimulation immediate passive recovery in basketball pitching training can significantly reduce the level of related indicators of muscle injury after pitching, but only whole body vibration treatment can significantly improve the joint range of motion.

Key words: passive recovery, active recovery, whole body vibration training, muscle electrical stimulation, muscle soreness, creatine kinase, centrifugal contraction

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